Hello,
If you are using raspberry pi, then try doing the following using ALSA. (When you have the audio working in other applications using the USB device, are you using ALSA?)
Maybe pd is trying to some default parameters for the USB sound device that are crashing pd. One thing you can do is go into pd (with the USB device unattached), get audio working with the on-board audio device, and then quit pd (without it crashing).
Next, attach the USB device and start pd again. Hopefully, you will get it running without it crashing. Then try carefully adjusting the ALSA driver parameters to hopefully get your sound interface working in pd.
Some tips on adjusting parameters: Start with only using the dac (i.e. no input audio channels), and use two audio output channels from the DAC. Try adjusting the latency parameters until you can get audio to start.
You can also experiment with these parameters from the terminal, but it might take some work to succeed:
https://puredata.info/docs/faq/commandlineBest,
Edgar