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If I simulate the physical roll of a dice (i.e. you picking it up, shaking it in your hand, releasing it onto the table and recording which side ends up "up"...) will that produce a "random" number or would I just have a complex simulation which really accomplishes nothing.
Unless you seed the simulated environment with "random" variables (i.e. depend on a different means of generating random numbers), you will always get the same value back, because every step in the process will happen the same way every time.
Since your simulation would only be as random as the other PRNG you were using, you may as well just use the other PRNG directly, without all the extra work! (In fact, your simulation may not do anything except make the output less random than the values from your base PRNG)
There is no guarantee however that your random output will be of the quality that you need for cryptography or other purposes. I'd be inclined to think that there will be undesirable repeated patterns in your output, and that too much work will go towards the physics of the problem, and not enough to producing pseudo randomness. (Sorry for the wishy washiness, but that's it in a nutshell.) There exist effective pseudo number generators, and I would use one of the shelf.
If you add an (i) "energy" component that simulates at what force you "throw" the dice, (ii) a 'torque' component that simulates how the dice 'rotates', and (iii) a 'retardation' component that simulates the 'friction' between the dice and the table, then you should be able to model the process comprehensively.
The process is not entirely random in reality though, if you throw the dice with the same force and spin then you're bound to get the same face up. Assuming the shape/size of the dice does not change and friction at the table remains constant, the process of simulating "throwing of a dice" can be done.
The caveat - you need a random number generator to select random values of "energy", "torque", "friction" that you input to your simulation model, otherwise you'll repeat the previous pattern. But this is not a limitation of the simulation model described, the initial condition is rather flawed - the process of throwing a dice is not totally random and therefore won't give you a 'random number'. If you maintain the same "force", "spin" and "friction", you'll always end up with the same side facing up.
First you need to define 'random'. You can generate trivially unpredictable numbers by using a strange set of calculations, sure. But you won't get useful randomness or an even distribution of numbers.
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