Tutorial for Abhyasa Pustakam Preliminary lessons

[Ravi Ravishankar]

Thanks to Shankar Kumar from Bhashavarag 2 who put this tutorial on Lesson #1 from the Abhyasa Pustakam.

I took the liberty to copy it, modify it and add some additional notes/clarifications/corrections and forwarding it to our group. 

 

A word of caution . Please note that in Sanskrit the Gender (Masculine, Feminine and Neutral) has no relation to the actual Male/Female/Neutral gender. For example Vriksha:  = Tree is male, Maalaa = garland  is female. Therefore, below the pronouns that are shown as Masculine and feminine could be used not only for male or female human beings, but also things based upon its Sanskrit gender.

 

Masculine Gender :

एष:  Esha: [this man or this thing if the thing is masculine gender],      

स:    Sa:  [that man or that thing]      

एतस्य  EtaSya  [his (used when the person is near) or this thing's ]      

तस्य taSya [his  (used when the person is far)  or that thing's]

Faminine Gender :

 

एषा  EshA [this lady or this thing if the thing is feminine gender],      

सा SA [that lady or that thing]      

एतस्या:  EtaSyaa: 

[her (used when the person is near) or "of that" ]      

तस्या: taSyaa:  [her  (used when the person is far)  or "of this"]

 
Neutral Gender:

एतत् etat [this thing]    

तत्   tat [that thing]     

एतस्य EtaSya [of this]

तस्य taSya [of  that]

Following are used when you are addressing a person with respect. There is also alternate word for "You" when used in an informal manner. But for simplicity, we will not learn that in Level 1 of the class.

भवान्   [you - when addressing "masculine"] 

भवत: bhavata: [Your -  masculine]    

भवती  [you - when addressing "Feminine"] 

भवत्या: bhavatyA: [Your , feminine]   

अहम्   [I]    

मम  [my]

भवत: नाम किम्?   bhavata: naama kim?     What is your name ?  (Male)

मम नाम राम:    mama naama raama:  My name is Raama.

 

भवत्या: नाम किम्?  bhavatyaa: naama kim? What is your name? (Female)

 मम नाम  ramA    My name is ramaa.

भवान् क:  bhavaan ka:?   [who are you?] m

भवती का  bhavatii(bhavatI) kaa? [who are you?] female  

(Pay attention to the  long "eee" sound.  भवति  has a different meaning and is the verb "happens". example.  vrushati bhavati  for "rain happens").

 

स: क: sa: ka:?  [who is he?]

सा का sA kA ? [who is she?]

 

एष:              स:                 क:     

एषा              सा                 का

एतत्            तत्                किं 

एतस्य                  तस्य

एतस्या:                तस्या:

 

II.

वा  [is it ?]             आम्  [yes]              न   [no]

अस्ति   [is]            नास्ति   [is not]

 

अत्र  [here]   तत्र  [there]  सर्वत्र [everywhere] अन्यत्र [somewhere]   एकत्र  [together]  कुत्र? [where]

 

III.  

 

आवश्यकम्  [necessary]       मास्तु  [no]      पर्याप्तम्  [enough]

 

CROW Story:

A crow is thirsty. The crow wants water. A jug is around. The crow goes there. Is there water? Yes; but only a little. There is sand around the jug. The crow

thinks. He picks up a pebble. He comes and drops into the jug. The water comes up a little. The crow goes again, takes a stone, comes and drops again.

Again water comes up. The crow goes, takes, comes and drops. He does thus again and again. Water comes up completely. The crow drinks water. The crow

is smart.

 

एक: काक: अस्ति तृषित:  Ekah kaakah asti trshitah.

 

काक: इच्छति जलम्  Kaakah icchati jalam.

 

एक: घट: अस्ति परित:  Ekah ghatah asti paritah.

 

काक: गच्छति तत्र Kaakah gacchati tatra.

 

अपि अस्ति तत्र जलम्?  api asti tatra jalam?

 

आम्, परम् तु अस्ति किञ्चित् जलम् Aam; param tu asti kinchit jalam.

 

तत्र अस्ति   सैकतं  परित: घटस्य    Tatra asti saikatam paritah ghatasya.

 

काक: चिन्तयति  Kaakah chintayati.

 

काक: गृह्णानि एकं शिला खण्डम्  Kaakah grnhaati ekam shilaa-khandam.

 

काक: आगच्छति , तथा क्षिपति घटे   Kaakah aagacchati, tathaa kshipati ghate.

 

जलम् आगच्छति  उपरि किञ्चित्   Jalam aagacchati upari kinchit.

 

काक: गच्छति पुन:, स्वीकरोति  शिला खण्डम् , आगच्छति , तथा क्षिपति पुन:

Kaakah gacchati punah, sveekaroti shilaa-khandam, aagacchati, tathaa kshipati punah.

 

पुन: जलम् आगच्छति  उपरि    Punah  jalam aagacchati upari.

 

काक: गच्छति , स्वीकरोति, आगच्छति , तथा क्षिपति  Kaakah gacchati, sveekaroti, aagacchati tathaa kshipati.

 

काक: करोति एवम् पुन: तथा पुन:   Kaakah karoti evam punah tathaa punah.

 

जलम् आगच्छति उपरि पूर्णत     Jalam aagacchati upari poornatah.

 

काक: पिबति जलम्    Kaakah pibati jalam.

 

काक: अस्ति कुशल:    Kaakah asti kushalah.

[Ravi Ravishankar]

(With a few more small correction)

Thanks to Shankar Kumar from Bhashavarag 2 who put this tutorial on Lesson #1 from the Abhyasa Pustakam.

I took the liberty to copy it, modify it and add some additional notes/clarifications/corrections and forwarding it to our group. 

 

A word of caution . Please note that in Sanskrit the Gender (Masculine, Feminine and Neutral) has no relation to the actual Male/Female/Neutral gender. For example Vriksha:  = Tree is male, Maalaa = garland  is female. Therefore, below the pronouns that are shown as Masculine and feminine could be used not only for male or female human beings, but also things based upon its Sanskrit gender.

 

Masculine Gender :

एष:  Esha: [this man or this thing if the thing is masculine gender],      

स:    Sa:  [that man or that thing]      

एतस्य  EtaSya  [his (used when the person is near) or "of this" when it is masculine]      

तस्य taSya [his  (used when the person is far)  or "of that"]

Faminine Gender :

 

एषा  EshA [this lady or this thing if the thing is feminine gender],      

सा SA [that lady or that thing]      

एतस्या:  EtaSyaa: 

[her (used when the person is near) or "of this" when it is feminine ]      

तस्या: taSyaa:  [her  (used when the person is far)  or "of that"]

 
Neutral Gender:

एतत् etat [this thing - when the thing is of neutral gender]