anubudhyeyam
valerio virgini
उद्धव उवाच
यथैवमनुबुध्येयं वद नो वदतां वर ।
सुदुःसहमिमं मन्य आत्मन्यसदतिक्रमम् ॥
Bhāgavata Purāṇa 11.22.59
Mohan Chettoor
| Prathama (3rd) बुध्येत | बुध्येयाताम् | बुध्येरन् |
| Madhyama (2nd) बुध्येथाः | बुध्येयाथाम् | बुध्येध्वम् |
| Uttama (1st) बुध्येय | बुध्येवहि | बुध्येमहि |
Here, बुध्येय is shown but in the sloka,बुध्येयंmis given. I leave it to the established pundits to explain.
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NathRao
Mahabharata and Ramayana have many instances of parasmaipada and atmanepada alterations. For this specific word, I found Ramayana (critical ed) Ayodhyakanda sarga 9, sloka 29, padas cd:
"naahaM samavabudhyeyaM kubje raajnaz cikiirSitam"
Mohan Chettoor
1. The Confusion: Parasmaipada vs. Atmanepada
In the Vidhi Liṅ (Potential Mood), the endings for the 1st Person Singular (Uttama Purusha, Eka-vachana) are:
Parasmaipada Ending: -इयम् (-iyam)
Atmanepada Ending: -इय (-iya)
If the root बुध् (budh) were being used in the Atmanepada, you would be correct—it would be बुध्येय (budhyeya).
2. Why the 'म्' is there
The root बुध् is technically Ubhayapadi, meaning it can transition between both voices depending on the context or the specific conjugation class being used.
In the 4th Class (Divadi Gana): It is most commonly used in the Parasmaipada to mean "to understand" or "to awaken."
Because it is treated as Parasmaipada here, the suffix is -iyam.
The calculation looks like this:
Base (बुध्य) + Suffix (इयम्) = बुध्येयम्
3. Comparison Table
To see the difference clearly, look at how the word changes based on the voice:
Summary
The word बुध्येयम् is the correct Parasmaipada form. If you are reading a text (like the Bhagavad Gita or classical poetry) and see the 'म्' at the end, it is simply signaling that the author is using the active voice suffix rather than the middle voice.
Note: In many modern digital dictionaries or primers, the Atmanepada is sometimes emphasized for "internal" actions like knowing, which is likely why you expected the -eya ending. However, in standard Paninian grammar for the 4th class, the -iyam ending is perfectly standard.
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valerio virgini
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