I've seen this before, I think, a long time ago.  Here is one reference 
to it:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/sage-notebook/SB0AdxJT7AQ/EdRL31dPDesJ
Is there any chance you could narrow down things a bit to diagnose it? 
Maybe by inserting a little code in the save_worksheet function (in 
/home/sageserver/sage/sage-5.0/devel/sagenb-main/sagenb/storage/filesystem_storage.py) 
that prints out the username and worksheet it is working on, to try to 
narrow down which worksheet it is?  From the traceback, it looks like 
the problem is the comparison 'worksheet._last_basic != basic'.
Thanks,
Jason