To run any of the code samples in this document, you'll need a Google account, access to the Internet, and a web browser. If you are using one of the API client libraries, also see the language-specific requirements below.
You can use this parameter for several purposes, such as directing the user to the correct resource in your application, sending nonces, and mitigating cross-site request forgery. Since your redirect_uri can be guessed, using a state value can increase your assurance that an incoming connection is the result of an authentication request. If you generate a random string or encode the hash of a cookie or another value that captures the client's state, you can validate the response to additionally ensure that the request and response originated in the same browser, providing protection against attacks such as cross-site request forgery. See the OpenID Connect documentation for an example of how to create and confirm a state token.
The code constructs a Flow object, which identifies your application using information from the client_secret.json file that you downloaded after creating authorization credentials. That object also identifies the scopes that your application is requesting permission to access and the URL to your application's auth endpoint, which will handle the response from Google's OAuth 2.0 server. Finally, the code sets the optional access_type and include_granted_scopes parameters.
Google's OAuth 2.0 server authenticates the user and obtains consent from the user for your application to access the requested scopes. The response is sent back to your application using the redirect URL you specified.
When refreshing an access token or using incremental authorization, the token may have expired or has been invalidated. Authenticate the user again and ask for user consent to obtain new tokens. If you are continuing to see this error, ensure that your application has been configured correctly and that you are using the correct tokens and parameters in your request. Otherwise, the user account may have been deleted or disabled.
A call to the drive.files endpoint (the Drive Files API) using the Authorization: Bearer HTTP header might look like the following. Note that you need to specify your own access token:GET /drive/v2/files HTTP/1.1Host: www.googleapis.comAuthorization: Bearer access_tokenHere is a call to the same API for the authenticated user using the access_token query string parameter:
This Python example uses the Flask framework and the Requests library to demonstrate the OAuth 2.0 web flow. We recommend using the Google API Client Library for Python for this flow. (The example in the Python tab does use the client library.)
Normally, the interest you earn on your savings bonds becomes part of your gross income for tax purposes. Under certain conditions, though, you can avoid taxes on the interest by using it to pay for higher education.
Reviewers are trusted and required to maintain confidentiality throughout the application review process. Thus, using AI to assist in peer review would involve a breach of confidentiality. In a recently released guide notice, we explain that NIH scientific peer reviewers are prohibited from using natural language processors, large language models, or other generative AI technologies for analyzing and formulating peer review critiques for grant applications and R&D contract proposals.
Ensuring confidentiality means that scientists will feel comfortable sharing their candid, well-designed, and thorough research ideas with us. Generative AI tools need to be fed substantial, privileged, and detailed information to develop a peer reviewer critique on a specific grant application. Moreover, no guarantee exists explaining where AI tools send, save, view, or use grant application, contract proposal, or critique data at any time. Thus, using them absolutely violates our peer review confidentiality expectations.
Thanks for sharing these thoughts and developing a clear policy. An in-depth exploration of the impact of using Generative AI on the scholarly peer review system, including concerns about confidentiality were discussed in an article published in May 2023 in the journal of research integrity and peer review:
I fully agree with the above comments. Confidentiality is easily maintained using local LLM instances, among other methods. And LLMs far better suited than OpenAI products, are readily available with new and better ones being produced almost weekly.
I read all the comments posted so far, and yes, I am accustomed to using AI assistance to create language of greater clarity in a shorter time, thus being more productive. It is important that we stay aware of false information with generative AI and the possibility of confidentiality breaches. Our responsibility remains to minimize the chances of confidentiality breaches to zero whenever possible. But not using AI assistance is not the answer, and a global ban on anything that assists with this new technology would be an overreaction. As with any new technology, there will be adjustments over time, and things will sort out.
The Application Submission System & Interface for Submission Tracking (ASSIST) system is used to prepare and submit grant applications electronically to NIH and other Public Health Service agencies. Check out this step by step guide for using ASSIST.
Jest can be used in projects that use vite to serve source code over native ESM to provide some frontend tooling, vite is an opinionated tool and does offer some out-of-the box workflows. Jest is not fully supported by vite due to how the plugin system from vite works, but there are some working examples for first-class jest integration using vite-jest, since this is not fully supported, you might as well read the limitation of the vite-jest. Refer to the vite guide to get started.
However, there are some caveats to using TypeScript with Babel. Because TypeScript support in Babel is purely transpilation, Jest will not type-check your tests as they are run. If you want that, you can use ts-jest instead, or just run the TypeScript compiler tsc separately (or as part of your build process).
@types/jest is a third party library maintained at DefinitelyTyped, hence the latest Jest features or versions may not be covered yet. Try to match versions of Jest and @types/jest as closely as possible. For example, if you are using Jest 27.4.0 then installing 27.4.x of @types/jest is ideal.
Bind application-level middleware to an instance of the app object by using the app.use() and app.METHOD() functions, where METHOD is the HTTP method of the request that the middleware function handles (such as GET, PUT, or POST) in lowercase.
To skip the rest of the middleware functions from a router middleware stack, call next('route') to pass control to the next route.NOTE: next('route') will work only in middleware functions that were loaded by using the app.METHOD() or router.METHOD() functions.
Landsat Collections Level-1 data can be rescaled to top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectance and/or radiance using radiometric rescaling coefficients provided in the metadata file that is delivered with the Level-1 product. The metadata file also contains the thermal constants needed to convert thermal band data to TOA brightness temperature. Formulas for these conversions are provided on this page.
NOTE: this ESUN information is not relevant to Landsat Collection 1 data so we do not recommend using the ESUN values with Collection 1 Level-1 data products. The Collection data products for Landsat 1-7 are cross-calibrated to L8 OLI and provide two sets of scaling factors, one to calculate the TOA reflectance and the other to calculate TOA radiance, just as it has always been the case for L8 OLI. Thus, the ESUN values are not needed any more to do conversions between TOA radiance and TOA reflectance.
We're going to walk through a really quick 4-step process (if you've already done some of these things it'll be even easier) that will have you posting messages using Incoming Webhooks in a few minutes:
The process of using all these extras and features is similar to the one explained above. The only difference is the JSON payload that you send to your webhook URL will contain other fields in addition to text. Here's a more advanced HTTP request example that you can use with the same webhook url that you used above:
You cannot override the default channel (chosen by the user who installed your app), username, or icon when you're using Incoming Webhooks to post messages. Instead, these values will always inherit from the associated Slack app configuration.
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