Can the training be transferred? What I call “motor skills” must be trained on a simulated robot whose specs are exactly like the real robot. But of course, once you have the model trained, it can be copied onto numerous identical robots.
But abstract facts can be transferred. The problem is the robots you see today don’t know any abstract facts. So nothing is transferable.
There is a newer, few-year-old kind of model now that looks like it can learn what they call “intuitive physics,” meaning that things fall if they are dropped, objects continue to exist even if I can’t see them. Liquid can be stored in an upright container, You can pull a rope but not push it, and 1.000,000 other basic facts. Then after such basics, the skills like folding towels or using a screwdriver can be trained in less than 200 hours. That is astonishingly fast. And then of course, those skills transfer to identical robots. This helps because the motor skills are learned so fast if intuitive physics is already trained. But here is the good part: the model that knows this intuitive physics is open source; go and get v-jepa 2.1 at hugging face. So we have some reason for optimism.
We humans are the same way. We can teach a child to do long division or place names in alphabetical order but we can NOT tell a child how to ride a bicycle, she has to learn that herself. We can only teach intellectual activities. It is the same with training robots.
But even with this, it is not enough. Today’s robot is trained to fold a towel only if the towel is lying flat on a table, and you line up the robot and then click the “fold towel” button. What is needed is a robot that notices the drier finished its cycle, checks if the stuff inside is really dry, and folds and puts away whatever is in there, and you never have to tell it to do this. That is a level of AI we just do not have today.
The root of the problem of why we can’t reuse the PR2 skill on a new robot is that the skill was controlling electrical current to a set of motors. The PR2 never at any time understood the concept of “folding” and never knew what a towel was. If the robot did understand towels, then we could transfer this to the new robot. The skill of controlling motors is not transferable to a different set of motors. This is what the v-jepa 2.1 tries to fix; it learns what a towel is and what folding means. All of that should be transferable. But this is new, not yet common. Almost every towel folding robot today is a mindless zombie that does not know the concept of “towel” or “fold.”