ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื - ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ืื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื?

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ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืคืจื ืงโ€Ž

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Jul 14, 2022, 7:29:39โ€ฏPM7/14/22
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1.ย  ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ืœื‘ ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื˜

ื•ึทื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึตืšึฐ <ืžื™ื“ื•> ืžึดื™ึผึธื“ึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึผึปื—ึนืช

2.ย  ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคืจืง ื˜ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื‘

ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืช <ื™ื“ื•> ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืึถืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึตื

3.ย  ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคืจืง ื˜ื– ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื

ื•ึฐืกึธืžึทืšึฐ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืช ืฉึผืึฐืชึตื™ <ื™ื“ื•> ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ย ย 

4.ย  ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืคืจืง ืžื’ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื•

ื•ึฐื˜ึดื”ึฒืจื•ึผ ืึนืชื•ึน ื•ึผืžึดืœึฐืื•ึผ <ื™ื“ื•> ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื•:

5.ย  ืื™ื•ื‘ ืคืจืง ื” ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื—

ื™ึดืžึฐื—ึทืฅ <ื•ื™ื“ื•> ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืชึผึดืจึฐืคึผึถื™ื ึธื”:

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ืชื "ืš - ืžืงืจืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืชืจ - ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคืจืง ื˜ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื‘ (mgketer.org)
ื™ื“ื• - ื”' ื—ืกืจ (ื‘ืœื™ืฉื ื): ืฉืž' ืœื‘ , ื™ื˜; ื•ื™' ื˜ , ื›ื‘; ื˜ื– , ื›ื; ื™ื—' ืžื’ , ื›ื•; ืื™ื•ื‘ ื” , ื™ื—.ย 


ืจื“"ืง ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืคืจืง ืžื’ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื•ย 

ื™ื“ื• - ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื ื™ื•"ื“ ื•ืงืจื™ ื‘ื™ื•"ื“, ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื”ื• ื—ืกื™ืจื™ ื™ื•"ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, ื•ืœื ื™ื—ืกืจ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื”.ย 

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ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืฆื’ ืขืžื•ื“ ื -ืžืฉื ื”:

ื•ืกืžื™ื›ื” ... ื‘ื‘' ื™ื“ื™ื.ย 

ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืฆื’ ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ [ื•ืขื™"ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื]ย 

ื•ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื, ืžื ื ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™? ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ, ื“ืืžืจ ืงืจื: +ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜"ื–+ ื•ืกืžืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื•, ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืฉืชื™, ื–ื” ื‘ื ื” ืื‘, ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื™ื“ื• ื”ืจื™ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืชื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ืคืจื˜ ืœืš ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื—ืช. ืื–ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืืžืจื” ืœื”ื ืฉืžืขืชื ื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืจืฉื, ื•ืœื ืืžืจื” ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ. ืฉืžืข ืจ"ืœ ื•ืื™ืงืคื“, ื"ืœ: ืื™ ืก"ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ืชืจืชื™ ื ื™ื ื”ื•, ืœืžื” ืœื™ ืœืžื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื•? ืืงืฉื™ ืœื™ื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื“' ื™ื“ื™ื•, +ื•ื™ืงืจื ื–'+ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืชื‘ื™ืื ื”, +ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื’+ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืจื‘ ืœื•, +ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื—+ ืฉื›ืœ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•, ืื™ืฉืชื™ืง. ืœื‘ืชืจ ื“ื ื— ื“ืขืชื™ื”, ื"ืœ, ืžืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ืœื ืชื™ืžื ืœื™: ื™ื“ื™ื• ื“ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืงืืžืจื™. ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ืžื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘: +ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–+ ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื•ื”ื•! ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื“ื‘ื”ืžื” ืงืืžืจื™.

ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืกื›ืช ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืฆื’ ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘

ย ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• - ื—ืกืจ.

ืืงืคื“ - ืขืœ ืฉืœื ืืžืจื” ืžืฉืžื• ื•ืืงืฉื™ ืœื™ื” ืื™ ืก"ื“ ื•ื›ื•' ืœืžื” ืœื™ ื“ื›ืชื‘ ืจื—ืžื ื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืœื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื ืžื™ ืชืจื™.

ื™ื“ื• ื“ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืงืืžืจื™ - ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืชืจื™ ื•ื”ื ืœื ืืฉื›ื—ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืœื ื“ืกืžื™ื›ื”.

ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื“ื‘ื”ืžื” ืงืืžืจื™ - ื“ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื™ื“ื• ืžืฉืžืข ืชืจื™.

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ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื™"ื—:ื™"ื—
ื•ึฐืกึธืžึทื›ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึฐืšึธ ืขึธืœึธื™ื•, ื™ึทื“ ืึทื—ึทืช, ืžึถื” ืขึธืฉึธื‚ื” (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื›"ื’): ื•ึทื™ึดึผืกึฐืžึนืšึฐ ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทื•ึตึผื”ื•ึผ, ืœึฐืงึทื™ึตึผื ืžึทื” ืฉึถึผืื ึถึผืึฑืžึทืจ: ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืขึทื™ึดืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึฐื‘ึนืจึธืšึฐ.ย 

ืจืฉ"ื™ย ื”ื›ืชืจ:
[ื•ื™ืกืžืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• - ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” , ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื”; ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื: "ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš" (ืœืขื™ืœ , ื™ื—) , ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•: ืขืฉืื• ื›ื›ืœื™ ืžืœื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืฉ (ืจืื” ืกืค"ื‘ ืงืžื) ื•ืžืœืื• ื—ื›ืžืชื• ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™' - ืืฃ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื“ , ื ืชืŸ ืžื”ื•ื“ื• ืขืœื™ื•.]

ืจืฉ"ื™ [ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”] ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื›"ื’
ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• โ€“ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื”, ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืžืจ ืœื•: ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื™"ื—), ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•.

ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›"ื™ ืœื™ื™ืคืฆื™ื’ 1 ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื›"ื’:ื›"ื’
ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• โ€“ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื” ืฉื”ืง' ืืž' ืœื• ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•.

ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืจืš ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช) ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืชืจื• ื“ืฃ ืกื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื

ย ย (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜) ื•ื™ืฉื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื•, ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืขื™ ืœืืจืžื ื™ืžื™ื ื ืขืœ ืฉืžืืœื ื•ื”ื ืื•ืงื™ืžื ื ืจื–ื

ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื™"ื—:ื™"ื—
ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• โ€“ ื™ื“ืš ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืฉืžืข, ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื• ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื” ื›ื•', ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืงืฉื” ืื™ืš ืขื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” ื‘ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืกื™ืฃ, ื•ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื':ื“') ื•ืกืžืš ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื•ืœื”. ื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืฉืžืข ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉื ื˜"ื–:ื›"ื) ื•ืกืžืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉืขื™ืจ ื•ืœืžืขืœื” ืคืจ' ื•ื™ืงืจื ืคืจืฉื ื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืขื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืคืจื” ื•ืืฉื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื›ืž"ืฉ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื':ื™"ื’) ื•ืืฉื™ืžื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ื›ื. ื•ืœืžื“ื• ืจื–"ืœ ืžื›ืืŸ (ื“ื‘"ืจ ื':ื˜') ืฉืืฉืžืช ื”ืขื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืกืžื™ื›ืช ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื™ืชืŸ ืฉืžืฅ ื•ื“ื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืžืš ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื›ืš ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ื“ ื–ื• ืœื™ืชืŸ ืฉืžืฅ ื•ื“ื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื ืœืืžืจ ืฉืืฉืžืช ื”ืขื ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืกืชื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื ื™ืฉ ื‘' ืžื™ื ื™ ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื—ื˜ืื• ื›ืคื•ืœ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืข"ื› ื ืืžืจ ืืฆืœ ืฉืขื™ืจ ื”ืžืฉืชืœื— ื•ืกืžืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื”ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื”ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื“ ืข"ื› ื ืืžืจ ื•ืกืžืš ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืฉืžืข.
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžื” ื™ืฉืื• ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื”, ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื—ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื ื ืœื ื›ืœ ืจื•ืขื” ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื ืชืคืก ืขืœ ืขื•ืŸ ื–ื•ืœืชื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื˜ื ื‘ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืœื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ื• ื•ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื˜ืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืคืจ' ื ืฆื‘ื™ื (ื›"ื˜:ื›"ื—) ืืš ืื ื”ืจื•ืขื” ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื— ื‘ื•, ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ืœื•ืš ื ื’ื“ ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื›ื•ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉ, ืื– ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืชืคืก ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื”ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืขื™ื ื™ื• ืชื—ื–ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ื”"ืง ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืื ืจืข ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ื•ืข"ื– ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ืงื— ืœืš ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื— ื‘ื•, ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืœื•ืš ื ื’ื“ ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืกืžื›ืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื ืงื˜ ื™ื“ืš ืœืจื‘ื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื ื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื ืฉืื•ืชื• ืฉืžืฅ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื•ืง"ื• ืœื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืชืœื” ื‘ื•, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื’ื ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืžืฅ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื™ ืง"ื• ื”ื•ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ื›ื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืฉื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขืฆืžื• ื•ื™ืœืžื•ื“ ืง"ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื“ ื”ืกื•ืžื›ืช ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื ืžื“ืงืืžืจ ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื— ื‘ื•. ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื›ืŸ ื•ืœืžื“ ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ืง"ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืช ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื•.
ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ โ€“ ืžื“ืงืืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืฉื”, ืฉืžืฉื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœื™ื• ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื•ืœื ื‘' ื•ืž"ืฉ ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืš ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืžืฉื” ืžืกืจ ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื, ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ืช. ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื, ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช. ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืžืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื™ืื, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื ืจืื” ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืกืจ ืœื•. ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืข"ืค ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืืžืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื™ืื ื•ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื ืžืฉืžืข, ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื•ื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืž"ืฉ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœื‘ื (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื:ื‘') ืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”. ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืœื›ื•ืคื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฉื” ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืš ืกืžืš ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื—ื• ื™ืžืฉื•ืœ ื‘ื ืœื›ื•ืคื ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืขื•ื– ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ื–ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืืœ ื“ื•ื—ื” ื•ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื‘ืช ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื™ ื™ืชื™ืจ ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกื•ืจ ืœืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื—ื• ื™ื“ืจื™ื›ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”'.
ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืืžืจ, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื, ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื ื—ืช ื™ื ื”ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืœืš ืขืžื”ื ื‘ื›ืคื™ื” ื•ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ืœื ืกืžืš ืขืœื™ื• ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ื• ืœืคื™ ืฉืขื ืงืฉื” ืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื ืœื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉืžืืœ ื“ื•ื—ื” ื•ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื‘ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ื™ืœื›ื• ืžืขืฆืžื ื•ืœื ื›ืžื™ ืฉืื•ื—ื– ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื•ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื™ื“ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืชื‘ื•ื ืืช ื”ืขื ื”ื–ื” (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ"ื:ื–') ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืžืจ ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืชื‘ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืฉื ืœ"ื:ื›"ื’) ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื ืžืฉืžืข, ื•ืœื ืงืฉื™ื ื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืขืœื™ื” ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืชื‘ื•ื ืืช ื”ืขื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื ื•ืขืฆืชื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ืจื–ื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœื™ื” ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืชื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืข"ื” ืคืจ' ื•ื™ืœืš (ืœ"ื:ื–').
ื•ืžื“ืงืืžืจ ื‘ืคืจ' ื•ืืจื (ื•':ื™"ื’) ื•ื™ืฆื•ื ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฆื•ื” ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื ื‘ื ื—ืช ืฉืžืข ืžื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ื›"ืž ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื—ืช, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืืœื ื–ื™ืจื•ื– ื•ืื ื• ืœืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืž"ืฉ ื•ืฆื• ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื’ื•' (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’':ื›"ื—) ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื–ื™ืจื•ื– ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื“ืจื›ื ืœื‘ืขื˜ ื‘ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื›ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ืงื— ืœืš ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื— ื‘ื•, ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืœื•ืš ื ื’ื“ ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืข ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ื—ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืืžืจ ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช ื“ื•ื—ื” ื”ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ื•ืื—ืช ืžืงืจื‘ื. ื•ืขืœื™ื” ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืขืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื•ืฆื•ื™ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ื•ืฆื•ื™ืช ืžืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื•ื ืžื” ื•ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ื ื—ืช ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืืฃ ื•ืฆื•ื™ืช ื”ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื ื—ืช ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ืช.
ื•ืื—"ื› ืืžืจ ื•ื ืชืช ืžื”ื•ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ืข"ืค ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืคื ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ืขื•ื– ื•ืขืœื™ื” ืืžืจ ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ืฉืืœ ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื•ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืกืชื•ื ื•ื ืขืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ืฆืื• ื•ื™ื‘ืื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืžืฉื” ื•ื’ื•' ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ื•ื™ืฆื•ื”ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืฉื” ื›ื™ ื•ื™ืฆื•ื”ื• ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืขืฉื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืฉื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืข"ืค ืฉื™ืฉ ืืชื ื—ืชื ื‘ืžืœืช ื•ื™ืฆื•ื”ื• ืž"ืž ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืคื˜ื™ืฉ ื™ืคื•ืฆืฅ ืกืœืข ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื—ืคืฆื™ื”ื. ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืืœื ืจืฆื” ื”' ืฉื™ืขืฉื”ื• ื›ืœื™ ืžืœื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”' ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ.

ืชื•ืจื” ืชืžื™ืžื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›"ื–:ื™"ื—:ื™"ื—
ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• โ€“ ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจ ืžืจื™, ืžื ื”"ืž ื“ืืžืจื™ ืื™ื ืฉื™ ื—ืžืจื ืœืžืจื™ื” ื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืชื ืœืฉืงื™ื™ื”, ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืก"ืค ื‘ืจื›ื”) ื•ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืจื•ื— ื—ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ ืกืžืš ืžืฉื” ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ืš. (ื‘"ืง ืฆ"ื‘:)
2. ืคื™ืจืฉืดื™ ืชืœื” ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืฉื” ื›ืืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืžืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”. ื•ื”ืชื•ืกืณ ืคื™ืจืฉื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉืจืชื• ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื›ื™ืจื• ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืชื ื•ื”ืžืฉืจืช ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ, ื›ืš ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฆื•ื” ืœืžืฉื” ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืขืœื™ื• [ื™ื“ ืื—ืช] ื•ื”ื•ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ื™ืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืžืฉื” ืฉืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืš ื•ื”ื•ื ืกืžืš ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื›ืคื™ืณ ื–ื” ืžื”ืื’ื“ื” ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืณ ืื•ืช ืœืดื“ ื•ืžื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืฉืœืงืžืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžืชืงื ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื•, ื•ื™ืœื™ืฃ ืžืžืฉื” ื“ืกืžืš ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื™ืขื•ืดืฉ.


ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคืขื ื— ืจื–ื ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜':ื›"ื‘:ื›"ื‘
ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• โ€“ ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื ืฉื™ืืชื• ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืขืžื, ืฉืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื.

ืจ' ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜':ื›"ื‘:ื›"ื‘
ื•ื™ืฉื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื โ€“ ืฉืขื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขื, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขื ื•ืœืชื•ืขืœืชื. ื•ื™"ื ื‘ื›ืืŸ ื›ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื™ื“ื• ื•ืžืจืžื– ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื ืœื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื›ืืŸ ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืžืชื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื™ื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืจืื™ื” ืžืžืืžืจ ืจื–"ืœ, ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘, ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืœืกื›ื•ืจ ืคื™ื”ื ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืชืง, ื›ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืงืจื™, ื•ืฉืชื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื” ื˜ืขื ืชื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื•ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื ืกืชืจ, ื ื’ืœื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืข"ื› ืืžืจื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ืืžืช ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘, ื•ืื– ืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงืจื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื” ื™ื“ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•. ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืžืฆื ื‘ื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื™ื“ื•, (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื–:ื™"ื) ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉื” ื™ื“ื•, ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืžื•ื ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืจืžื” ืœืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ืชื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉื. ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืจืฉ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื›ื, ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ื™ืฉืœื— ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืœ ื”ืขื, ื›ื™ ื›ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื”ืื‘ ื›ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉื•, ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืขืฉื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื—:ื™"ื“) ื•ื™ืฉืœื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืฉื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื• ื–ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื”, ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉืœืžื” (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื—':ื "ื“) ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื›ืœื•ืช ืฉืœืžื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืืœ ื”' ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืคืœื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ื›ืคื™ื• ืคืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ืืช ื›ืœ ืงื”ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื• ื–ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื‘ืจืš ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืœืงื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื–:ื™"ื
ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื•, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื” ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืชื—ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ื” ื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช ื•ืžืžื™ืš ืื—ืช, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืฉื ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื›ืื“ื ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื ืœื• ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืžื ื—ืช ืฉื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื–
(ื™ื‘) ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืžื•ื ื” โ€“ ืจื™ืงืื ื˜ื™ ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื•ื™ืฉื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื• ืืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื’ื•' ื ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ื• ื—ืกืจ ืจืžื– ืœื™ื“ ื™ืžื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื• ืืžื•ื ื” ืข"ื›. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืค' ื™"ื’ ื•ื‘ืœืงื•ื˜ื™ ืฉื›ื—ื” ื•ืคืื” ื“ืฃ ื™"ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ื”ื” ืžื™ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืค' ื™"ื“ ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคืœื”. ื•ืื™ื›ื ืœืžื™ืชืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื ื“ื‘ื›ื•ืœื”ื• ืกืคืจื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืžื•ื ื” ืžืœื ื™ื•"ื“ ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื— ืžื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื•ืœื“ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื–ื™ ืœื™ ื“ื˜ืขื•ืชื ื ืคืœ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืจื™ืงืื ื˜ื™ ื•ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื˜ืขื• ื‘ื”ื• ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•. ื•ืขืงืจ ื“ืจืฉื ืžืคื™ืง ืœื” ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื“ื”ื•ื” ืœื™ื” ืœืžื™ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื•ื›"ื› ื”ื—ื›ื ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ืœ ื' ืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆืขื“ื” ื•ื›ืžื• ื•ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื›ื›ืคื™ืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื— ืข"ื›. ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืจื ื“ืžื™ืœืชื ื“ื”ื›ื™ ืื™ืชืžืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื‘ืขื™ ืœื™ื” ืืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ืชืœื™ื ื›ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื”ื•ื ืขืงืจื ื“ื›ืœื ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ืžื™ื ืš ื”' ื ืื“ืจื™ ื‘ื›ื— ื™ืžื™ื ืš ื”' ืชืจืขืฅ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืข"ื›. ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื”ืŸ ื™' ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืžื™' ืžืืžืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืฉืžืืœ ื•ื–ื”ื• ืจื•ื ื™ื“ื”ื• ื ืฉื ืขื›"ืœ. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืž"ืฉ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื™ื ื™.

ืžื ื—ืช ืฉื™ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜':ื›"ื‘:ื›"ื‘
ื™ื“ื• โ€“ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืง' ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื’' ื—ืกืจื™ื ื™ื•"ื“ ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืกืจ ื”ืจืž"ื” ื–"ืœ ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืž"ื’ ืค' ื›ื™ ืชืฉื ื•ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืค' ื‘ืฉืœื— ื“ืฃ ืจื "ื– ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื—ืกืจ ื“ื”ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื ืชืœื™ื ื›ืœื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืฉ ืค' ื™ืชืจื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืขื™ ืœืืจืžื ื™ืžื™ื ื ืขืœ ืฉืžืืœื ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืค' ืืžื•ืจ ื“ืฃ ืฆ"ื‘ ืข"ื‘ ื•ืค' ื ืฉื ื“ืฃ ืงืž"ื• ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืž"ืฉ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืค' ื‘ืฉืœื— ืืฆืœ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื™ื“ื• ืืžื•ื ื”.


ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื–:ื™"ื
.. ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉื” ื™ื“ื• โ€“ ื’ื ื”ืžืฉื ื”(ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ืืฆืœ ืจืฉ"ื™), ื’ื ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื’ื ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืจืžืช ื™ื“ ื–ื• ื›ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื "ื™ื“" ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื”ืจื™ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื‘ ืฉื”ืจื™ื ืžืฉื” ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื•. "ื™ื“ื•" ืฉื‘ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื• ืืคื•ื: ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžืช ืžืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข; ื•ื”ืฉื•ื” ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื™ืงืจื ืฉื. ืืš ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื˜ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ืจืžืชื• ื–ื• ื”ืŸ ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื ืก ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™, ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ, ืชื”ื™ื” ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืฉื” ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ โ€“ ืžื™ื•ืชืจืช.


ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ ืฉืžื•ืช ื™"ื– ื™"ื‘ย 
ื•ื™ื”ื™ โ€“ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืคื ื™ "ื™ื“ื™ื•" ืฉื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”.


ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜"ื–
ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ึธื“ึธื• โ€“ ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ืกืžืš ืืช ื™ึธื“ื•ึบ": ืžื›ืืŸ ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืชืฉื•ืžืช-ืœื‘ ืชืจื’ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ: "ื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ื™ืช ืชืจืชืŸ ื™ื“ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจื ื—ื“ื ื™ืช ื™ืžื™ื ืื” ืขืœ ืฉืžืืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉ ืฆืคื™ืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื". ื‘ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื—ืกืจ ื‘ืžืœืช "ื™ื“ื•", ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื”ื• ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ื“ื•ึบ, ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“.



ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืคืžืŸ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื'
(ื“) ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขื ื•ื"ื• ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืš. ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื™ ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืœ"ื˜. ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื›ื•ื—ื• (ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ื“ ื’ืจื™ื“ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืืช ื‘"ืฉึนื•ื", ื”ืฉื•ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž"ื—:ื™"ื—), ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืœืช "ื™ื“ื•" ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืฉืชื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื˜"ื–:ื›"ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ื™ื "ื•ืกืžืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื•". ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืฆ"ื’.) ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ: "ื–ื” ื‘ื ื” ืื‘ ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื™ื“ื•" ื”ืจื™ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืชื™ื". ื•ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื‘ืืจ "ื™ื“ื•" ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื™ื ืช ื™ื“ ืื—ืช, ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžื“ืขืชื• ื–ื• ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช.
18ย ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื ื• ื’ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:ย ื•ื™ืงืจื ื—ืณ:ื™ืดื“,ื™ืดื—,ื›ืดื‘, ืฉื: ืดื•ื™ืกืžื›ื•... ื™ื“ื™ื”ืืด. ื•ืœืขื•ืžืชื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ื—ืณ:ื›ืดื“), ืœืžืจื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืดื™ื“ืืด. ื•ื›ืŸย ื‘ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืดื–:ื™ืดื—: ืดื•ืกืžื›ืช ืืช ื™ื“ืšืด. ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื’ ื ืืžืจ: ืดื•ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•ืด. ื”ืฉื•ื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื”ื™ืดื‘ ื›ืดื˜:ื›ืดื’ ืœืคืกื•ืง ืœื. ืื•ืœื ื“ืขืช ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ืžื• ื”ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืจืง ื‘ื™ื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื ืจืื”, ืฉื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืœื• ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ืœื•ื™ืงืจื.

ืชื•ืจื” ืชืžื™ืžื” ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜':ื›"ื‘:ื›"ื‘
ืืช ื™ื“ื• โ€“ ื™ื“ื• ื›ืชื™ื‘, ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ื™ื“ื• ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ืงืฆืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช (ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืžื•ื ื™ ืคื™"ื“ ื”"ื’ ืžืชืคื™ืœื”).
2. ืจืดืœ ื“ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงืจื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื”, ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืดื— ืกื™ืณ ืงื›ืดื— ืกื™ืดื‘. ื•ืืžื ื ืื ืœืจืžื– ื™ืดืœ ื“ื”ืžืงืจื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื ืœืจืžื– ืžื” ื“ืงื™ื™ืดืœ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื‘ื•ืงื•ืช ื–ืœืดื–, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœืจืžื– ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื ืจืื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืื—ืช, ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืกืžืš ืœืจืžื– ื›ื–ื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืชืดื™ ืคืณ ืื—ืจื™ ื•ืกืžืš ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื• [ื”ืงืจื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ื“ื•] ืชืจื’ื ื•ืกืžื™ืš ื™ืช ืชืจืชื™ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืกื™ื˜ืจื ื—ื“ื ื™ืžื™ื ื ืœืฉืžืืœื™ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื. ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
ื•ืขืณ ื‘ืฉื•ืดืช ื ื•ืดื‘ ืงืžื ื—ืณ ืื•ืดื— ืกื™ืณ ื”ืณ ื‘ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืจืชืชื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฉื ื›ืคื™ื• ืื ืœื ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ืœืื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื‘ืขื• ื•ื™ื›ื ื™ืก ื‘ื”ื ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ื“ื™ื™ืง ืžื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืฉื ืื”ืจืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื“ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื ืžื›ื—ื• ื•ืœื ืขืดื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ, ืขื™ื™ืดืฉ. ื•ื ื‘ืืจ ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืดื” ื‘ืคืณ ื ืฉื.

ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืคืจื ืงโ€Ž

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Jul 22, 2022, 4:29:52โ€ฏAM7/22/22
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ืžืืช: ืื™ืชื™ืืœ ืกืคืจืœื™ื ื’ <itiels...@gmail.com>
โ€ชDate: ื™ื•ื ืืณ, 17 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2022 ื‘-12:33ย 

ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉย ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงืžื—ื™ (ืื—ื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืž"ืง) ืœืžืฉืœื™ย ื•', ื™"ื’:ย ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื• , ื‘ืจื’ืœื• , ื‘ืœื ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ื , ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ืคืจื˜; ื•ืงืจื™ ื‘ื™ื•"ื“; ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืื—ื“. ื›ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• - ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•; ื•ื›ืŸ "ื•ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ ื’ืœืขื“" (ืฉื•' ื™ื‘ , ื™ื–) - ื‘ืื—ืช ืขืจื™.

ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ื’ื ื‘:ื•', ื™"ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™"ื–, ื›"ื ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›"ื”, ื›"ื“.

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงืžื—ื™ ื‘ืืชืจ ืžืงืจืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ ืื™ืœืŸ.ย 


โ€ซื‘ืชืืจื™ืš ื™ื•ื ื•ืณ, 15 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2022 ื‘-2:29 ืžืืช ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืคืจื ืง <โ€ชfrank...@gmail.comโ€ฌโ€>:โ€ฌ
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โ€ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืจืฉื•ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” 'ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืœืฉื•ืŸ' ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช Google.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื” ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ, ืฉืœื— ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ืืœ rohav-lashon...@googlegroups.com.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืืชืจ, ื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœ-https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/rohav-lashon/CAOYkKwFFN%3D%2BjkaS0jO7ZBdAU2_QRM0R-SBZWj6sYokDEY-E8SQ%40mail.gmail.com.

ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืคืจื ืงโ€Ž

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Jul 22, 2022, 5:28:17โ€ฏAM7/22/22
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ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงืžื—ื™ (ืื—ื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื“"ืง)
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