is it possible to do headless testing in Robot framework using selenium?

[Ramakrishna kolli]

Hi all,

is it possible to do headless testing(without browser exist in selenium) using Robot framework?

Thank you......

[Sachin Nikam]

Yes, it is possible. 

You can use xvfb to run your testcases in headless run. 

[Laurent Bristiel]

I confirm it is possible.
I wrote a short note on how I did this:
http://laurent.bristiel.com/robot-framework-selenium-and-xvfb/
That could help you.
Laurent

[Ika Belerma]

What's amazing is that the if-failed-autoscreenshot  feature of Selenium still works.

[sandeep s]

HI,

How faster or is the turn around time with respect to using xvfb /phantomjs and traditional UI automation? I know its much faster.. but any data points to share??

Sandi

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[stn1k3]

I  make available for everybody a simple xvfb wrapper, here is a link on package https://pypi.python.org/pypi/robotframework-xvfb/1.0.1

[bks456]

Hello experts,

I am also using the same setup Linxu+Jenkins+RF+XVFB +Firefox.. but it is not true headless testing i think . it actually opens the browser on Linux

 

In my case, I have 500 test cases to execute, these are data driven/workflow based( one test case generate output for other) it is taking lot time to complete the run.. the main reason could be it is opening/loading browser and navigate pages and look up for web elements

 

Is there a better way to improve performance by running true headless mode (don’t open the browser)? If we see load runner ( HP tool ) it actually captures the entire URL and feeds the data in place holders instead opening Brower and navigating..

Appreciate your inputs.

[Hi-Fi]

There're 2 possibilities for that, which both really still open "browser", but without need of xvfb or screens. Nearer to real situation is to use PhantomJS with ghostdriver, or even lighter to use HTMLunit.

If you really want to have calls made same way than in load testing, you can use e.g. Requests -library to just fire those calls. That just requires probably quire big rewriting of tests.

One new solution could be https://github.com/MachinePublishers/jBrowserDriver/, but that might need some changes to Selenium2Library, too (and usage of Java8).

Br,

Juho

[kev 456]

Thanks Juho.

I am currently using RF (java based) + Fire Fox + Selenium java jar. 

Do you have any feedbacks on these?  on PhantomJS, in internet i see people mentioned it is inconsistent, I don't see major user community using jBrowserDriver.

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[Hi-Fi]

It's quite a while I had to do headless testing, but that time PhantomJS (version 1.9.0) worked fine at Windows, but throw some strange errors in Linux (https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/issues/11287). At that time it was not possible to move to 2.x because there was problem with file uploads at the first versions of PhantomJS 2.x. With 1.9.0 in Windows tests were fine.

I think 2.x is closer to real browser in engine side than 1.9, so I recommend to give that a try. 

I have lately used Gradle to combine Robot tests, as it offers also a way to download browsers automatically (https://gist.github.com/Hi-Fi/f18f40b59d1743e5b284).

jBrowserDriver was something that was mentioned on GhostDriver's (https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver) github page, so I have not personally used that.

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[Madhu]

Hi All,

  I am trying to run my robot tests headless in my ubuntu machine, I have tried with this example and I am getting following error. Can someone guide what is wrong . 

*** Settings ***
Documentation     This example demonstrates how to use current library
Library      Selenium2Library
Library      XvfbRobot

*** Variables ***


*** Test Cases ***

Create Headless Browser
    Start Virtual Display    1920    1080
    Open Browser   http://google.com
    Set Window Size    1920    1080
    ${title}=    Get Title
    Should Be Equal    Google    {title}
    [Teardown]    Close Browser

root@hyi01lr0bsaehost92:/var/robot-tests# pybot headless.robot 
==============================================================================
Headless :: This example demonstrates how to use current library              
==============================================================================
[ WARN ] Keyword 'Capture Page Screenshot' could not be run on failure: No browser is open
Create Headless Browser                                               | FAIL |
KeyError: 'value'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Headless :: This example demonstrates how to use current library      | FAIL |
1 critical test, 0 passed, 1 failed
1 test total, 0 passed, 1 failed
==============================================================================
Output:  /var/robot-tests/output.xml
Log:     /var/robot-tests/log.html
Report:  /var/robot-tests/report.html

Following are the modules installed 

xvfbwrapper==0.2.9

PyVirtualDisplay==0.2.1

robotframework-xvfb==1.2.2

robotframework==3.0.2

Thanks,

Madhu.

[Hélio Guilherme]

Did you check the log? On what keyword it failed?

I think that you have an error here  Should Be Equal Google {title}

And you are testing with Firefox?

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[MadhuSudhanaRaju]

Yes i am testing with firefox, actually I need to execute tests with Chrome. I have attached report.html and log.html for reference. I have commented Should Be Equal Google {title} and tried .But still it didn't fix the issue.I have tried with python script as well but the issue is reproducing.  Thanks for your response.

#!/usr/bin/env python

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://www.google.com')
print browser.title
browser.quit()
display.stop()

====================================

Error after running python script

====================================

root@hyi01lr0bsaehost92:/var/robot-tests# python seleniumheadless.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "seleniumheadless.py", line 13, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 155, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 92, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 183, in start_session
    self.capabilities = response['value']
KeyError: 'value'

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[Hélio Guilherme]

So it is failing at Selenium or Webdriver level.

You that there are problems with Firefox? Need to mach Selenium, geckodriver and Firefox supported versions. And our Selenium2Library is not fully tested with Firefox. It is better to try testing with Chrome.

Also, for better control try the Create Webdriver keyword.

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[MadhuSudhanaRaju]

Hi ,

 I have tried with create webdtiver and  i am getting following error . 

*** Settings ***
Documentation     This example demonstrates how to use current library
Library      Selenium2Library
Library      XvfbRobot

*** Variables ***


*** Test cases ***
Open Browser with Chrome options for configuring data source
        ${options}  Evaluate  sys.modules['selenium.webdriver'].ChromeOptions()  sys, selenium.webdriver
    Call Method  ${options}  add_argument  --start-maximized
    Call Method  ${options}  add_argument  --headless
    Call Method  ${options}  add_argument  --disable-gpu
    ${preferences} =    Create Dictionary   setAcceptUntrustedCertificates=True    setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer=True
    Create WebDriver  Chrome   chrome_options=${options}   desired_capabilities=${preferences}
    Go To    https://www.google.com    
    ${title}=    Get Title    
    Log to console    ${title}



root@hyi01lr0bsaehost92:/var/robot-tests# pybot headless.robot 
==============================================================================
Headless :: This example demonstrates how to use current library              
==============================================================================
[ WARN ] Keyword 'Capture Page Screenshot' could not be run on failure: No browser is open
Open Browser with Chrome options for configuring data source          | FAIL |
WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: unrecognized Chrome version: HeadlessChrome/59.0.3071.86
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.26.436382 (70eb799287ce4c2208441fc057053a5b07ceabac),platform=Linux 3.13.0-119-generic x86_64)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Headless :: This example demonstrates how to use current library      | FAIL |
1 critical test, 0 passed, 1 failed
1 test total, 0 passed, 1 failed
==============================================================================
Output:  /var/robot-tests/output.xml
Log:     /var/robot-tests/log.html
Report:  /var/robot-tests/report.html

I have tried with following python script and it worked fine . I don't understand whether it is problem with my chromedriver path or something else 

import time

from selenium import webdriver

from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb

vdisplay = Xvfb()

vdisplay.start()

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()

chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")

chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-setuid-sandbox")

driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/local/bin/chromedriver', chrome_options=chrome_options)  # Optional argument, if not specified will search path.

driver.get('http://www.google.com/xhtml')

print driver.title

time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something!

search_box = driver.find_element_by_name('q')

search_box.send_keys('ChromeDriver')

search_box.submit()

time.sleep(5) # Let the user actually see something!

driver.quit()

vdisplay.stop()

Thanks,

Madhu.

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[Hélio Guilherme]

You are mixing, problems.

You goal is to have webtesting headless. That is why you want to use Xvfb. The idea is to use the browser to the Xvfb "virtual" screen.

First things were not working with Firefox, then you tried with Chrome, but added an experimental option. Your python program worked, the Robot Framework should also work.

The drivers (chromedriver or geckodriver) should always be reachable from command line (found by environment variable PATH).

First make sure you have a GUI (normal Chrome can be used), then run a normal Robot Framework test, and finally setup Xvfb.

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[MadhuSudhanaRaju]

Thanks Helio for the info..I will try to set/update path and get back to you.

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[Kevin O.]

If you are willing to throw Docker into your toolbox, there are Docker images from SeleniumHQ that already have FireFox and Chrome setup to run headlessly.

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium

Works pretty well for us so far using OSX for dev and Jenkins on some flavor of Linux in AWS.

Madhu.

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[MadhuSudhanaRaju]

Thanks Kevin.It is helpful.

Madhu.

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[Rafael Silva]

Hi Madhu,

You had success to use headless option?.I'll try use with Robot Framework too.

If you had success to use, pls post your code.

Thank you!

Thanks Kevin.It is helpful.

Madhu.

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[Павел Федоров]

Hi, Rafael!

I run RF+Chrome Headless on RHEL and in simple way with pure RF code its looks like

*** Settings ***

Documentation    Check WebUI

Library          Selenium2Library

Test Timeout     2 minutes

Test Setup       Test_setup

Test Teardown    Test_teardown

*** Test Cases ***

Test Chrome Headless Run

    [Tags]    webui

    Go To    http://google.com

    Capture Page Screenshot

    Input Text  id=lst-ib    It's alive!

    Capture Page Screenshot

    Submit Form  id=tsf

    Capture Page Screenshot

*** Keywords ***

Test_setup

    ${c_opts} =     Evaluate    sys.modules['selenium.webdriver'].ChromeOptions()    sys, selenium.webdriver

    Call Method    ${c_opts}   add_argument    headless

    Call Method    ${c_opts}   add_argument    disable-gpu

    Call Method    ${c_opts}   add_argument    no-sandbox

    Call Method    ${c_opts}   add_argument    window-size\=1024,768

    Create Webdriver    Chrome    crm_alias    chrome_options=${c_opts}

Test_teardown

    Close All Browsers

 
But you need chomedriver v 2.31 or higher.

Good luck!

вторник, 22 августа 2017 г., 17:21:21 UTC+3 пользователь Rafael Silva написал:

[P Madasu]

Thanks for your post. May I know how to set SSL certificate flag in RF+Chrome headless please.

[pri...@thecrumb.com]

Just to followup on this post - it is now built into the Robot Framework Selenium library.

See the Open Browser keyword - there are now options for 'headlesschrome' and 'headlessfirefox'

http://robotframework.org/SeleniumLibrary/SeleniumLibrary.html#Open%20Browser

[firdaous hably]

Hello yes its possible, here is the easiest steps:

Step1: 

pip install robotframework-xvfb

Step2: 

*** Settings *** 
Documentation This example demonstrates how to use current library 
Library Selenium2Library 
Library XvfbRobot 

*** Test Cases *** 
Create Headless Browser 
    Start Virtual Display 1920 1080
    Open Browser http://google.com 
    Set Window Size 1920 1080 
    ${title}= Get Title

    Should Be Equal  Google  ${title} 
[Teardown] Close Browser

[Jirayu Kaewprateep]

Is it able to avrivate the 2nd and 3rd monitors?

[Sandhya M]

Will this solution work for Windows OS as well ?

In the documentation for xvfb, it is mentioned as Linux and Unix. 

On Mon, Dec 9, 2019 at 3:29 PM Jirayu Kaewprateep <jkaewp...@gmail.com> wrote:

Is it able to avrivate the 2nd and 3rd monitors?

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[Jirayu Kaewprateep]

WHY is no Mac version for non-linux user?

[Jim Priest]

Have you considered using a container?  I created a Robot Framework container for a presentation I did recently.

https://github.com/jimpriest/robotframework-preso

Easy to setup and run. 

[Jirayu Kaewprateep]

May be the language issue.

[Jirayu Kaewprateep]

I am come back to say that with the unclear purpose you can run in supress mode. There is a planty of applications.

[Dmitriy Chernoshey]

Regarding headless browser lib not being available on some OS. The thing I like about Robot Framework, it has all these helpful libraries that cover majority of what you can do. But underneath it all, it's Python, which means that if there is any gap in those libraries, you can use Python, write your own, then simply import it into your project as a Library. 

On Mon, Dec 9, 2019 at 8:26 AM Jirayu Kaewprateep <jkaewp...@gmail.com> wrote:

May be the language issue.

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