Chun Li Bundle
Catherine Nicolo
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Background: For prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), a bundle approach was applied to patients receiving mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. The incidence of VAP and the preventive efficacy of the VAP bundle were investigated.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in adult intensive care units of 6 university hospitals with similar VAP rates. We implemented the VAP bundle between March 2011 and June 2011, then compared the rate of VAP after implementation of the VAP bundle with the rate in the previous 8 months. Our ventilator bundle included head of bed elevation, peptic ulcer disease prophylaxis, deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, and oral decontamination with chlorhexidine 0.12%. Continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions was an option.
Firms selling multiple products usually adopt bundle pricing in their marketing strategy for the purpose of extracting large consumer surplus. In this paper, we propose and analyze a bundling mechanism, referred to as component pricing with a bundle size discount (CPBSD), which sells bundles for the summed prices of the included products (component pricing) minus a discount based on the number of products purchased (bundle size discount). CPBSD is conceptually simple and has been widely used in real-world business settings. Theoretically, we show that CPBSD subsumes several well-studied bundling mechanisms as special cases. Moreover, we find instances in which other common mechanisms only generate a fraction of the optimal profit of CPBSD. We further prove that, under a general condition, CPBSD attains the optimal profit asymptotically for a large number of products among all bundle pricing mechanisms. From a practical perspective, we formulate a mixed-integer linear program for the optimal pricing scheme of CPBSD, and we also develop an approximation algorithm for efficiently solving CPBSD in large-scale problems. Through comprehensive numerical experiments, we show that CPBSD demonstrates superior performance in contrast to other bundling mechanisms. In particular, compared to bundle size pricing whose outstanding empirical performance has been extensively tested in the literature, CPBSD performs especially well when products are heterogeneous and the production costs are high. Furthermore, the outstanding performance of CPBSD is most pronounced when the potential surplus provided by products are negatively correlated with the product valuations. We also show that our approximation algorithm may achieve a performance that is very close to the optimal CPBSD. Given the theoretical guarantee and the computational efficiency, CPBSD presents an appealing selling mechanism for retailers to improve their profitability.
When you get the wallbag, it makes sense to take advantage of the years of experience the UK Wing Chun Kung Fu Assoc. has to offer. In this Wing Chun Wallbag bundle you get both the wallbag and the highly rated wallbag training DVD at a discounted price. Move your training to the next level and buy this now.
As a martial art school our primary focus on teaching. These items were offered to our own students to facilitate their home training. We have had so many enquires to purchase our products that we now run a virtual shop. However, we are martial artists first and foremost.
The Wallbag and DVD will be of great value to all martial artists, irrespective of style. Our Wallbag is of high quality and the surface is not smooth. This is to give a slight abrasive quality and toughen the skin.
Our Wallbag as simply the best way for you to develop your short distance power, condition your hands and to learn from the leading providers in Wing Chun tutorial materials. You will be amazed at the variety of strikes that we cover in the DVD.
Here you have the opportunity to purchase the wallbag and the training dvd together as a bundle and save money on the items and shipping. However if you prefer to purchase the items separately they are available here:
Full Access! This course includes ALL of sifu Wayne's instructional and supplemental videos including pro-tips, faults-and-fixes videos, Q&A videos, quizzes, exercises, drills, challenges, tips, whiteboard drawings, explanations, group video calls & recordings (coming soon), and more! Also, you will have direct access to sifu Wayne for valuable discussion, improvement suggestions and questions.
Hi, I'm sifu Wayne Belonoha and I'm very excited to be able to offer the complete wing chun course to you. Whether you're a seasoned instructor who is interested in the details of another wing chun style, a beginner who wants to have the confidence they're learning a complete system from a reputable instructor, or are training with another school and want to fill in some gaps or improve your critical thinking - this course can help.
The lessons plans include SMART objectives, onscreen tips, fly-ins, reminders, quotes, idioms, maxims, homework, daily practice routines and more! Everything one might expect in a complete professionally developed course. The format is flexible too so you can skip through and watch just the parts that you're interested in.
Before teaching and running a kung fu school full-time, I was trusted to develop and deliver professional corporate training for many of the most prominent Fortune 500 companies. I used those skills to create a professionally curated experience and bring it to you to learn real wing chun. Check out the structure and some of the free lessons and videos from the curriculum below to see the quality for yourself.
I guarantee there are details and ideas in this course that will advance your wing chun, and I will be right there to help if you have questions. Don't miss out on these valuable details; they make the difference between success and failure.
Sifu Wayne started his training in 1977. He's been studying the mental and physical ways of martial arts for over 40 years and is happy to be able to bring the full wing chun curriculum to you, to help with your self defense, fitness and self-improvement goals.
This payment is for lifetime access to the CORE system and its updates. It doesn't include the additional seminars, workshops, mini-courses, or books. It does include access to Sifu Wayne, bonus materials, invites to live webinars, and updates.
Various approaches have been suggested to identify acute kidney injury (AKI) early and to initiate kidney-protective measures in patients at risk or with AKI. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether care bundles improve kidney outcomes in these patients.
We conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of AKI care bundles with or without urinary biomarkers in the recognition and management of AKI. The main outcomes were major adverse kidney events (MAKEs) consisting of moderate-severe AKI, receipt of renal replacement therapy (RRT), and mortality.
This systematic review highlighted the impact of care bundles in reducing the risk of major adverse kidney events (MAKE) in patients at risk or with acute kidney injury (AKI). An additional benefit of biomarker inclusion for early AKI recognition and management was demonstrated by network meta-analysis.
Forest plot stratified the risk of a major adverse kidney events (MAKE), b acute kidney injury (AKI), c renal replacement therapy (RRT), and d all-cause mortality associated with care bundle versus usual care. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. a Forest plot of MAKE from care bundle versus usual care separated based on whether they included biomarkers. b Forest plot of AKI from care bundle versus usual care separated based on whether they included biomarkers. c Forest plot of RRT from care bundle versus usual care separated based on whether they included biomarkers. d Forest plot of all-cause mortality from care bundle versus usual care separated based on whether they included biomarkers
This systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that the implementation of AKI care bundles was associated with a significantly reduced risk of MAKE. Strategies enriched by kidney biomarkers to enable early identification of AKI and to guide the initiation of AKI care bundles could be more effective than using care bundles that did not incorporate new biomarkers.
Our analysis showed that some of the care bundles used in the literature contained more than 5 elements (Additional file 1: Table S3). It is generally assumed that all components in a care bundle have equal weighting. However, Groote et al. showed that the components of the care bundle used in the PrevAKI trial (Meersch et al.) had differential impact on the risk of AKI post-cardiac surgery [18, 30]. For instance, reversal of hypotension and low cardiac output was more effective than avoidance of hyperglycemia or contrast exposure. Whether this also applies to patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery is currently unknown.
The risk of MAKE was significantly lower in the intervention group. Our subgroup analyses exploring the role of biomarkers add to the previously published meta-analysis on AKI care bundles and recent consensus recommendations [31,32,33]. [TIMP-2] and [IGFBP7] are the only two urinary AKI biomarkers that are currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). Urinary [TIMP-2][IGFBP7] were the most commonly used biomarkers in the studies identified in our literature search [11, 17,18,19,20, 25,26,27]. Biomarker testing was done in study populations that were at high risk of AKI, such as hemodynamically unstable and critically ill patients and patients undergoing major surgery. In these cohorts, urinary cell cycle arrest markers indicate tubular cell stress and the magnitude of elevation correlates with the extent of tubular cell stress / damage and risk of AKI [34].
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