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Sophisticated technology and crowdsourcing have helped police and the public work together in identifying the suspects in the Boston bombing. But some of the theories posited online have targeted innocent people. Ray Suarez interviews former deputy homeland security adviser Richard Falkenrath and Will Oremus of Slate.
We are joined by Richard Falkenrath of the Chertoff Group. He's a former deputy homeland security adviser and special assistant to President Bush. He is also a contributing editor at Bloomberg TV. And Will Oremus, a staff writer for Slate and lead blogger for Future Tense, where he reports on emerging technologies, tech policy and digital culture.
It's a place where anybody can go if they just sign up and post a message about pretty much anything they want. These messages are divided into a bunch of different topic threads called subreddits. And in the course of the Boston bombing case, a couple of Reddit users have developed a thread called Find Boston Bombers dedicated to trying to help the authorities do their job.
First, they were trying to find suspects. Then they were trying to help locate where the suspect might be once the FBI had circulated photos of them. And they have gotten a few things right and a lot of things wrong in the process. And it's stirring up a lot of controversy about their role.
And, frankly, I'm skeptical that this crowd-sourced information was that useful to the investigators on the inside. They have tools themselves that are pretty sophisticated. They have done this before. And they are working, frankly, with a far greater amount of data than the crowd-source analysts were working with.
And I think the statement yesterday from the FBI special agent in charge of the investigation was really quite telling, that he found this activity troublesome and led to an enormous amount of unhelpful speculation and misidentifications.
So, over the course of the past few days on Reddit, there has been one potential suspect after another who rises to prominence on the site, and everyone starts delving into a certain photo to see if that could be the person.
It's interesting. The format of Reddit is such that anyone can post anything, but everyone also gets to vote on which posts rise to the top of the page. The positive outcome of that is that if there's something that's posted that really valid, that's really interesting, that will go to the top of the page. Everybody will see it and everybody will start investigating that lead.
I guess robe sounded more sinister. They were dissecting his appearance, his location at the marathon finish line. Of course, he wasn't involved at all. Two people that were investigated by the crowd on Reddit ended up on the front page of The New York Post. They, too, were innocent.
I don't think that's Reddit's fault. To me, that's The New York Post's fault. But it does emphasize the way in which these public crowd-sourced investigations can result in harm for people who happen to be mistakenly identified.
But, Richard Falkenrath, once officials released the photos of their suspects, we had cases of people examining their own photo record of the day, and able to fill in their movements and whereabouts once they knew who they were looking for, in one notable case, a very sharp, high-quality, H.D. photo of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev moving from the scene. As other people are running from it in terror, he's walking to the corner and turning the corner. And we see him in very high fidelity, which I'm sure helps investigators in some sense figure out where he went after the explosions.
Well, Ray, recall that well before the authorities released the photographs of the two individuals, they had requested that people in the vicinity of the explosion submit all their digital imagery to the FBI for analysis.
Are there new techniques and new machines that save police from having to go frame by frame through videos, leaf through photographs, that can look for a suspect very quickly through enormous data files?
But the new techniques to do analysis are having trouble keeping up with the massive increase in the amount of data that comes in the door in an investigation like this. So there is truly a phenomenal amount of digital imagery, unstructured digital imagery that comes in as a result of the crowd-source collection.
So the analysis technologies are struggling to keep up with the collection technologies. And that's one of the basic problems they have. There will still be an investigator going frame by frame through the key feeds for the purpose of identifying which one is the best and who really to zero in on.
There's a lot of debate about whether this type of crowd-sourced sleuthing by armchair investigators does more harm than good. I think there certainly the potential for it to do good in some cases. There was a case a year or two ago where Reddit users were able to help solve a hit-and-run accident. Someone with great knowledge of cars was able to identify the taillight, identify the make and model of the car, helped police solve the crime.
But this is a very different scale of crime. And I think the Reddit users are finding out that investigations are a lot harder than they might have thought, and that the harm along the way can be severe. So, there's been a lot of introspection, both in the media, the tech world and on Reddit itself. To their credit, a lot of the Reddit users are saying, hey, are we doing any good here? Are we really helping?
But it's a diverse community of people. There are tons of people on the site. Some people are saying, hey, let's back off. Let's get out of this business and leave it to professionals. Others are saying, hey, no, look, we may have gotten it wrong here, but maybe we will get it right next time.
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Before I started my novel, I had a slightly naive idea that the hard work in publishing a novel was in the writing. Looking back to two years ago when I began Blindefellows, the writing was the easy bit, and, as I mention in the interview below, writing was my comic relief in the evening after doing a challenging day job. I now see that the tricky stuff is marketing, from page to stage, so to speak.
I would prefer to be writing instead of being on social media at least an hour per day, but everyone tells me, as a new author, I need to tweet once a day minimum (tweet being an ironic label as it's more like gridlock than birdsong), to join online author collectives, to cosy up to as many periodicals as possible. Having done this and, indeed, seen results in sales figures on Amazon spiking after interviews, etc. I now hanker after the old fashioned approach - the simplicity of meeting with actual people, reading out a few extracts of my book, talking face to face. The ancient tradition of story-telling which has now taken a back seat in the publishing world.
Gradually I will be changing my approach to sharing my story, so watch this space. In the meantime, I continue to donate one hour per day to splattering myself on the web, rather like a bluebottle who took a wrong turn.
One hundred and forty miles into the Dirty Kanza 200, a 200-mile gravel road race, a wicked thunder and lightning storm chased me eastward. I surfed the tailwind afforded by the cold front and thought that I might miss the story. It looked like it might stay to the south.
Instead the rain hit, and as soon as it did I regretted my decision to leave behind my rain jacket. As the rain started, I stopped to stow my iPod in my frame bag in an attempt to keep it dry. As I pulled it out of my pocket I felt the wax paper wrapper of the tortilla, turkey and cheese wrap I had finished a few miles before.
Even with the long wheelbase of the Salsa Vaya Ti (lent to me by Salsa Cycles, my host at the Dirty Kanza) and the incredible bite of my Schwalbe tires, I was blown off the road after cresting a rise on the horizon. I got a foot down just in time to save myself from a header into the ditch.
Once I was stopped, the ditch started to look pretty appealing. There was nowhere else to take shelter in the open prairie of the Flint Hills of Kansas. I climbed down. As the wind picked up and the sky turned green (both signs of tornado weather to this Indiana boy) I hunkered down below the surface of the gravel road.
The rain eased up and as I popped my head up out of the ditch, I saw a truck approaching. A rider was already in the back with his bike. They stopped and offered me a ride. They said more weather was coming, but I looked back down the road and saw a rider approaching.
Lelan grabbed my bike and headed off to wash it with a hose the local grocery store had provided the race. Meanwhile I reloaded my pockets with food and put my headlight on my helmet for the final leg of the ride.
Three hours later, two in the dark, I rolled back into Emporia and finished my first Dirty Kanza 200, in 16 hours and 57 minutes, having ridden 205 miles (after one wrong turn that added two miles). This is why I ride: to take risks, to live, to survive.
There will be two teams competing: A team of 25 Men versus a team of 25 Ladies. The first runner for each team will run 200m before tagging the next member of the team. To even things up, a handicapping system will be used.
We have a list of reserves for the Men's team, but no reserves at this time for the Ladies. If any lady not listed above would like to participate should someone drop out, please let Jaz Bangerh or Sam Dooley know asap (personally, or by comment below, or at parkrun, or on facebook).
On a warm June morning, there were three pacers, resplendent in their "saturn orange" shirts, who volunteered to forgo their own attempt at a new PB in order to set a pace to help others achieve a goal. Paul Sanderson (a sub 21 parkrunner and veteran of nearly 100 parkruns) would set a pace that would cross the line in 31 minutes. Russell Gardham, who was absent from last week's parkrun because he was part way through running 5 marathons in 5 days, was going to run at 27 minute pace. Chris Jones, the fastest of the three with a 19:13 PB, was aiming at setting a 25 minute pace. The three had combined experience of over 200 parkruns, and together with a pacing chart that takes account of the undulations and nuances of the Woodhouse Moor course, they were more than capable of setting a pace designed to give those parkrunners who are improving, and targeting a PB the opportunity to go home with a bit of glory.
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