Aermod View Crackl
Christian Erdmann
These refined dispersion models are listed in the Guideline on Air Quality Models - Appendix W (PDF)(54 pp, 761 K, 01-17-2017) and are required to be used for State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions for existing sources and for New Source Review (NSR) and Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) programs. The models in this section include the following:
AERMOD Modeling System - A steady-state plume model that incorporates air dispersion based on planetary boundary layer turbulence structure and scaling concepts, including treatment of both surface and elevated sources, and both simple and complex terrain.
Its navigation is pretty easy, so after selecting the AOI and date (or period) you will get the full list of available historical images meeting the criteria. The filters like the image type, cloudiness, Sun elevation, AOI coverage, and sensor type allow users to narrow down the query and view historical satellite images quicker.
Visualization graphs of historical satellite imagery are generated after filtering the sensor (mostly often Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8) and the time interval for analysis. A specified AOI must not exceed 200 square kilometers. A graph allows for tracking the dynamics of changes in index values. Each point on the graph corresponds to a certain image within the selected time frameworks. To view historical satellite imagery online in detail, zoom in at any point by clicking.
WindRose PRO is a Windows application for analyzing and plotting directional variables starting from raw data or from their frequencies. It can be used to represent wind roses, but it is also possible to represent any other directional variable. A wind rose is a chart which gives a view of how wind speed and wind direction are distributed at a particular location over a specific period of time. It is a very useful representation because a large quantity of data can be summarized in a single plot.
All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
This paper proposes an energy storage management for electrical energy supply chain system (EESCS) involving a power plant and a transmission station under carbon emission investigation. The transmission station faces stochastic electricity demand from household and uses a continuous review policy to control electrical energy storage. The power plant has two power generations, namely green power generation and regular power generation. The green power generation is cleaner than the regular one, thus it generates less emissions. Although the green power generation is more environmentally, however, its electricity production cost is more expensive than the regular one. A carbon tax is implemented in the investigated system to lessen the amount of emissions coming from electricity production. An efficient algorithm is developed to solve the problem and a numerical example is presented to show the applicability of the model and to explore the behaviour of the model.
The rapid development of technology and economy makes consumption of electronic products increased, so the potential for electronic waste will also increase. However, the high potential of this flow has not been matched by good waste management, especially in developing countries. One concept that can be applied to manage end-of-use products is reverse logistics (RL). Still, the RL concept, especially for electronic waste has not been practiced optimally. Therefore, it is necessary to have an RL management network on electronic waste to reduce the environmental impact and increase the economic value of waste. This study aims to explore the research progress of RL networks and recommended opportunity areas for further research using bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review (SLR). The output of bibliometric analysis is research trends on the topic of reverse logistics. The search process of bibliometric analysis is still limited to the keywords has not been done in-depth study of the contents of each article, so it needs to be continued with SLR. Articles obtained from bibliometric analysis are reviewed and analyzed using SLR so that the articles will be filtered and the numbers become smaller, so research opportunities in RL for electronics product can be identified.
The need for braking systems has increased. The widely used braking system is a friction brake. The use of friction brakes has a problem in maintenance intervals and the risk of failure due to heat generation. Research and the development of the braking system have carried out. Eddy Current Brake (ECB) is an alternative braking system. ECB is braking that uses eddy currents as a source of braking force. Many parameters need to consider in implementing the ECB. There have been many studies on the working parameters of the ECB. However, the previous research has researched the effects of parameters by make experiments or mathematical models. This article provides an analysis of the recent research about the ECB performance parameters. From the review of the previous study, it conducted that better performance of ECB is affected by the density of the use of magnetic flux.
The increasing concern over environmental problems and the demand for renewable raw materials continues to increase, making researchers must find the right solution to overcome these problems. One solution is to reduce the use of synthetic fibers, which can replace natural fibers. This article is to review the use of bamboo fiber as a reinforcement to improve the physical and mechanical properties of composites, starting from the manufacturing process to its future potential. The matrix, which usually used as a binder of bamboo fiber, is thermoset and thermoplastic. As time goes by, the matrix becomes more popular. The method of making composites with Hot Press has a significant effect on composite results. The preparations and parameters involved during the process of making bamboo fiber composites with thermoset and thermoplastic matrices have a considerable impact on the results of the physical and mechanical properties of composites. Alkali treatment can eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, wax, and oil, which cover the surface of the outer walls of natural fiber cells and increase the surface roughness of the fibers, thereby increasing the bond between the polymer and the fiber. The determination of fiber composition variation plays a significant role in the physical and mechanical properties of composites. Too much pressure can damage the fiber, while too low pressure results in poor lamination consolidation. The processing temperature results in a better interface wetting between the fiber and the matrix. Holding time produces a more reliable bonding interface by removing the air gap that induced during pressing between the fiber and the matrix, thereby increasing tensile strength and modulus. The utilization of bamboo fibers to reduce synthetic fibers has opened opportunities for academics and industry to design sustainable modules to utilize bamboo fibers in the future. Making bamboo fiber-based composites with thermoset and thermoplastic matrices can reduce environmental problems and can be developed into effective biocomposites. Added with the advantages of thermosets and thermoplastics such as resistance to heat and chemicals even in extreme environments, flexible and recyclable, so that it has good potential in the future.
This paper will review the parameters that affect the tensile strength of the use of bamboo fibres in thermoplastic composites. Natural fibres considered to be more environmentally friendly and easily degraded than synthetic fibres. Bamboo has a tensile strength that is not inferior to synthetic fibres. The tensile strength of bamboo fibres influenced by the parameters from the original physical properties of bamboo. The parameters that influence are species, age, and bamboo parts. This difference generally caused by lignin content in bamboo fibres. Lignin content will reduce the tensile strength of fibres. Therefore, bamboo fibre treatment applied as an effort to reduce lignin levels. Various treatments with chemical solutions have bee proven to reduce lignin levels. The selection and proper treatment of bamboo fibres will increase the tensile strength of the fibre. There will also affect the bond between the fibre and the matrix. However, in general, the relationship between natural fibres and thermoplastic matrices is bad. There is because there is no match between natural fibres and thermoplastic matrices. So, the selection of a matrix that matches the characteristics of the fibre must be considered. Pure and recycled matrix have very different characteristics and tensile strengths. In this paper, We have reviewed various sources of bamboo fibres, mechanical properties, modification of bamboo fibres, and effects of treatment on bamboo fibres. The main applications of bamboo have bee summarized as well as effective use as reinforcement for composite polymers.
Increasing energy requirements accompanied by high fossil fuel emissions will lead to energy crises and the greenhouse effect in the future. These factors encourage the development of renewable energy. Hydropower can be one alternative energy to meet the energy demand. Hydrokinetic turbine is one of the latest technologies that utilize energy from water flowing in rivers, waterways, drainage in buildings, etc. This paper presents a review of hydrokinetic theory as an energy conversion system from flowing water with reference to the wind energy system. The most discussed type of turbine is a hydrokinetic savonius turbine with a description of the benefits, weaknesses, strengths, and conditions according to the application. Hydrokinetic savonius turbine is the most discussed turbine because of the ability of this turbine to work at low fluid flow rates in rivers and waterways. But the weakness of Savonius turbine is that it has low efficiency. Several experimental studies and numerical calculations by varying the design and parameters of the turbine have been carried out to improve its efficiency. The following parameters have been explained which affect the performance of hydrokinetic savonius turbines which are expected to be useful for future research to improve turbine efficiency.
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