used_memory exceeds maxmemory configuration problem.

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yongj...@wrl.onl

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Sep 5, 2018, 6:02:05 AM9/5/18
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Hello, I'm new to here, but join to request some help about redis.
I downloaded and installed newest stable version of redis, v4.0.11 on Ubuntu server 18.04 LTS.
Then set some configuration like following, and ran redis-server.
 
maxmemory 100mb
memory-policy allkeys-lru
memory-samples 5

But the memory usage of redis-server exceeds so easily.
Following is the output against command 'info memory'

used_memory:3778070624
used_memory_human:3.52G
used_memory_rss:0
used_memory_rss_human:0B
used_memory_peak:3778070624
used_memory_peak_human:3.52G
used_memory_peak_perc:100.00%
used_memory_overhead:836286
used_memory_startup:786656
used_memory_dataset:3777234338
used_memory_dataset_perc:100.00%
total_system_memory:4040036352
total_system_memory_human:3.76G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
maxmemory:104857600
maxmemory_human:100.00M
maxmemory_policy:allkeys-lru
mem_fragmentation_ratio:0.00
mem_allocator:jemalloc-4.0.3
active_defrag_running:0
lazyfree_pending_objects:0
(1.22s)

For half a day, I understand maxmemory option is ambiguous and inaccurate(see the link: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34346342/exceed-redis-maxmemory
But it still unadaptable for me. 
Then how I can limit the usage of memory? Is there no obvious solution for this?

For more information I'll put here my machine's spec.
CPU: Intel Core i5 U4300 1.9GHz
RAM: DDR3 4GB SO-1600 204PIN 12800 SAMSUNG
Storage: Seagate 1TG HDD
OS: Ubuntu server 18.04 LTS

Thank all for any help in advance.

Itamar Haber

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Sep 6, 2018, 8:11:45 AM9/6/18
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Hello Yongjae,

It looks like there's nothing wrong with your understanding of how memory is managed and it appears that you've configured Redis correctly. That said, this isn't the expected behavior of Redis, naturally. Can you share your dataset or the steps to reproduce this?

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Yongjae Lee

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Sep 6, 2018, 9:39:55 PM9/6/18
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That phenomenon always happen when I ran redis-server without any particular process.

At the installation step, I followed the instructions of this. (https://redis.io/download)
One thing more of that I did in installation step was compiling deps, due to no existence of it. (https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/94479/jemalloc-and-other-errors-making-redis-on-centos-6-4)

After install redis, I downloaded dump.rdb file from another server, cause this is migration of older server.
That size of dump.rdb is about 5GB.
All prerequisite operations were done, then just configured redis.conf like before, and ran it.

That dataset(dump.rdb) is so big that I'll share by google drive soon.

Sincerely, thanks.
Yongjae Lee.

2018년 9월 6일 (목) 오후 9:11, Itamar Haber <ita...@redislabs.com>님이 작성:
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Federico Bertola

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Sep 7, 2018, 2:36:34 AM9/7/18
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Hi Yongjae,
you could always limit the process's memory via Linux Control Groups, for example:

cgcreate -g memory:/redis
echo $MEM_LIMIT > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/redis/memory.limit_in_bytes
echo $MEM_LIMIT > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/redis/memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes
And then start the redis server process with

cgexec -g memory:redis redis-server
It's a little extreme solution but it worked quite well for me in the past. On modern systems you could also use the firejail tool.

Hope this helps!

Federico.

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Yongjae Lee

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Sep 7, 2018, 4:12:46 AM9/7/18
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@federico
Thank federico, I'll try it.
But I'm curious if it works bad.
Does limitation by Linux Control Groups not invade redis's operation?

@itmar
Here is dataset.

2018년 9월 7일 (금) 오후 3:36, Federico Bertola <f...@bendingspoons.com>님이 작성:
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Itamar Haber

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Sep 8, 2018, 7:30:20 PM9/8/18
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Thanks for sharing the info and thanks to Oran Agra for explaining the behavior. Here's what he wrote:

I'm guessing this is normal. 
redis doesn't call freeMemoryIfNeeded when loading rdb and aof files. 
So during rdb loading redis will grow to some 5gb.
I don't see the full info, but I assume that it was acquired before loading completed. 
Doing any command after loading will complete (including INFO and Ping), will release all that memory (which will take some time). 

Yongjae - please confirm that after loading the RDB and running INFO (or PING) and waiting some time, memory is evicted as expected.

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Yongjae Lee

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Sep 10, 2018, 1:14:52 AM9/10/18
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@Itamar
Thanks for your apply, Itamar.

I followed your instruction two times, but after a long time the redis-server is dead.
At this time I configured maxmemory to 1gb.
Currently I have a more confident plan to add a 8GB RAM over the file size of dump.rdb, 
but I want to solve this issue for the worst.

Sincerely, thanks
Yongjae Lee

2018년 9월 9일 (일) 오전 8:30, Itamar Haber <ita...@redislabs.com>님이 작성:
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Itamar Haber

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Sep 10, 2018, 5:17:40 PM9/10/18
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Just to be clear, have you loaded the rdb and waited a long time for PING/INFO to return? I did this on my laptop using your dataset and all works just fine:

godel:tmp itamar$ redis-server --maxmemory 1gb --maxmemory-policy allkeys-random
30599:C 10 Sep 23:50:17.947 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
30599:C 10 Sep 23:50:17.948 # Redis version=4.0.11, bits=64, commit=c7613cf3, modified=0, pid=30599, just started
30599:C 10 Sep 23:50:17.948 # Configuration loaded
30599:M 10 Sep 23:50:17.949 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 7168).
                _._
           _.-``__ ''-._
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.11 (c7613cf3/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 30599
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
          `-._        _.-'
              `-.__.-'

30599:M 10 Sep 23:50:17.950 # Server initialized
30599:M 10 Sep 23:51:56.802 * DB loaded from disk: 98.852 seconds
30599:M 10 Sep 23:51:56.803 * Ready to accept connections

...
$ redis-cli
# Server
redis_version:4.0.11
redis_git_sha1:c7613cf3
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:7358c5997a4696b9
redis_mode:standalone
os:Darwin 17.7.0 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:kqueue
atomicvar_api:atomic-builtin
gcc_version:4.2.1
process_id:30599
run_id:a8d92697d6a646c7132e3098730aff7c7e6dd426
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:467
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:9886428
executable:/private/tmp/redis-server
config_file:

# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0

# Memory
used_memory:1045136
used_memory_human:1020.64K
used_memory_rss:286781440
used_memory_rss_human:273.50M
used_memory_peak:9076812352
used_memory_peak_human:8.45G
used_memory_peak_perc:0.01%
used_memory_overhead:1031710
used_memory_startup:980592
used_memory_dataset:13426
used_memory_dataset_perc:20.80%
total_system_memory:17179869184
total_system_memory_human:16.00G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
maxmemory:1073741824
maxmemory_human:1.00G
maxmemory_policy:allkeys-random
mem_fragmentation_ratio:274.36
mem_allocator:libc
active_defrag_running:0
lazyfree_pending_objects:0

...
evicted_keys:406
...
# Keyspace
db1:keys=30,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
(44.40s)

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Yongjae Lee

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Sep 10, 2018, 10:28:12 PM9/10/18
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Nope I didn't check  PING/INFO. Because even I couldn't start up the server..

wrl@WRL:~/wxr-space-server$ ls -al dump.rdb 

-rw-rw-r-- 1 wrl wrl 5548660267 Sep  5 12:15 dump.rdb

wrl@WRL:~/wxr-space-server$ ./redis/src/redis-server

5351:C 11 Sep 10:56:48.521 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo

5351:C 11 Sep 10:56:48.521 # Redis version=4.0.11, bits=64, commit=d59742ee, modified=1, pid=5351, just started

5351:C 11 Sep 10:56:48.521 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use ./redis/src/redis-server /path/to/redis.conf

5351:M 11 Sep 10:56:48.522 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).

                _._                                                  

           _.-``__ ''-._                                             

      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.11 (d59742ee/1) 64 bit

  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   

 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode

 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379

 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 5351

  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   

 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  

 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        

  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   

 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  

 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  

  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   

      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       

          `-._        _.-'                                           

              `-.__.-'                                               


5351:M 11 Sep 10:56:48.522 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.

5351:M 11 Sep 10:56:48.522 # Server initialized

5351:M 11 Sep 10:56:48.522 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.

Killed

wrl@WRL:~/wxr-space-server$ cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

always [madvise] never



Sincerely, thanks
Yongjae Lee

2018년 9월 11일 (화) 오전 6:17, Itamar Haber <ita...@redislabs.com>님이 작성:
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Itamar Haber

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Sep 11, 2018, 6:29:48 AM9/11/18
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What does "Killed" mean?

Also, Redis isn't loaded with a configuration so it uses the default maxmemory and maxmemory-policy values. If you want keys evicted when RAM is pressured, you need to set them.

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Itamar Haber
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Redis Labs


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hva...@gmail.com

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Sep 11, 2018, 11:39:27 AM9/11/18
to Redis DB
The 'Killed' message means the redis-server process was killed with the equivalent of the command 'kill -9 <process-id>'.  It's visible in Yongjae's terminal session because the redis-server process is in the "foreground" (not detached from the terminal). I'm sure the kernel's out-of-memory (OOM) routines killed the redis-server process because there isn't enough RAM in the computer to do this.  Look at the original message in this thread.  The machine's memory is:  RAM: DDR3 4GB

Yongjae, there are two important points of information:
  1. RDB files are compressed.  The amount of memory needed to load the contents is greater than the size of the RDB file.
  2. Redis will not enforce the maxmemory setting until after it has finished loading the RDB file.
Together this means you will never be able to load that 5GB rdb file (which Itamar discovered will consume 8GB of ram) on this server which has only 4GB of memory.  Redis will try to grow to consume all the memory in the machine (and more), which the Linux kernel cannot allow, so Redis is killed.

You need to try this on a computer or server which has at least 9-10 GB of memory.  If you don't have a server with that much memory, I suggest creating a virtual server on a cloud service like Amazon and use it.
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Itamar Haber
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Redis Labs


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Itamar Haber
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Phone: +972.54.567.9692

Redis Labs


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Itamar Haber
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Phone: +972.54.567.9692

Redis Labs


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Itamar Haber

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Sep 11, 2018, 12:05:42 PM9/11/18
to Redis DB
Ahh - missed the 4GB line. What hvarzan said.

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