OK, I've tested this myself using the Recaptcha.Test project (it's available on the repository).
Page is Default.aspx, set Public and Private Keys, and add OverrideSecureMode to true.
The generated HTML is:
You can see all of the reference to recaptcha is being done with https protocol. This is the limit of what we can do, if these scripts suddenly returns non-https content, this is on recaptcha's side of server, and as I have said, there's no way for us to change.
Then, I switch to Web Inspector (I use Safari), and checked the Resources tab where I can see all the requests for the page. As I have suspected, all images are served via https as well.
So I can't reproduce this problem. Action items that you can do are:
1. Give us a URL that we can test, and make sure it's not working there
2. Identify which image is still using http protocol