Gopalaka Pahimam lyrics
krishn...@wmich.edu
Recently there was lot of discussion regarding the lyrics and the ragam in
which "Gopalaka PAhimam" is set.I was looking into my ST lyrics book and it
is set in the ragam Bhupalam which is derived from the Melakartha 8.The book
has a footnote in which it is mentioned that this kriti is also sung in the
ragam Revagupti which is derived from the 15th melakartha.I have listened
to only N.Vasudevan sing in Revagupti.Similar note I have come across in the
Thyagaraja book about the kriti "Evarani" in the ragam Devamruthavarshini.
The book says that many consider this as also "Kharaharapriya".Maybe the
books have a record of the original composition and the audio tapes have the
record of what the singer is rendering.All the audio tapes has the kriti
"Meenakshi Memudham" as in the ragam Poorvi Kalyani and the Dikshitar text
refers to this kriti in the ragam "Kamakhakriya".Similarly the Dikshitar t
book has the kriti "Kanchathalaya" under the ragam Manohari and the tapes
have it in the ragam Kamalamanohari.Some of the kritis which passed my mind
on these differences.Bye.
Sujatha Krishnamurthy.
Ramana Mani
............(stuff deleted).................. I have come across in the
: Thyagaraja book about the kriti "Evarani" in the ragam Devamruthavarshini.
: The book says that many consider this as also "Kharaharapriya".Maybe the
: books have a record of the original composition and the audio tapes have the
: record of what the singer is rendering.All the audio tapes has the kriti
: "Meenakshi Memudham" as in the ragam Poorvi Kalyani and the Dikshitar text
: refers to this kriti in the ragam "Kamakhakriya".Similarly the Dikshitar t
: book has the kriti "Kanchathalaya" under the ragam Manohari and the tapes
: have it in the ragam Kamalamanohari.Some of the kritis which passed my mind
: on these differences.Bye.
: Sujatha Krishnamurthy.
Sujatha,
There is no difference between gamakakriya and pUrvikalyANi except in
the system of nomenclature. Dikshitar used the asampUrNa mELa paddhati
of Venkatamakhi whereas most other composers including Thyagaraja used
the sampUrNa mELa paddhati. In the former scheme gamakakriya is the 53rd
mELa and has a name in accord with the katapayadi scheme. In the latter
scheme this is called pUrikalyANi and is classified as a janya rAga of
gamanAshrama.
Likewise to the best of my knowledge, there is no difference between
Dikshitar's manOhari and the usual kamalamanOhari. Just that Dikshitar
used a different scheme for nomenclature. There is a rAga by the name of
manOhari which is a janya of kharaharapriya. One of Thyagaraja's last
compositions is in this rAga - paritApamu ganiyAdina. The scale of
this is usually given as : s g r g m p d s - s d p m g r s
while the renditions I have heard of this song usually go as :
s r g m p d s - s d p m g r s.
kanchadaLAya dAkshi certainly does not fit under this scale.
evaraNi - I have never heard this being rendered in Kharaharapriya nor
have I seen any book say so. Could you point me to a source where this is
mentioned?
Devamritavarshini is also called nAdachintAmaNi by some, though
Sambhamoorthy gives different arohana-avarohana's for the two.
One composition that is listed in a different raga but rendered in
kharaharapriya is rAma nIyeda - the books usually say that this is set
to dilIpakam, whose scale is : s r g r m p n d n p d n s - s n d p m g r s
under the 22nd mELam.
Ramana
P.S. (According to Bangalore Mukund in his book SangIta lahiri ( or
some such title ), rAma nI samAnamevaru is also set to the same rAga,
***and is sung in that*****, but everyone sings alApana, niraval and
swarams in kharaharapriya. )