Mark Brader:
> These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 1998-02-09,
> and should be interpreted accordingly... For further information...
> see my 2020-06-23 companion posting on "Reposted Questions from
> the Canadian the Canadian Inquisition (RQFTCI*)".
> I wrote one of these rounds.
That was the science round.
> * Game 3, Round 4 - Arts - Architecture
> In each case give the architect's name or widely used
> nickname/soubriquet.
> 1. This German-American and former director of the Bauhaus designed
> the T-D Centre in Toronto, and the Seagram Building in New York.
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. ("Mies" or "van der Rohe" was sufficient.)
4 for Joshua.
> 2. A Chinese-American, born in 1917, """is""" the architect of
> Toronto's Commerce Court, the Louvre Pyramid in Paris, and
> Place Ville Marie in Montreal.
I.M. Pei. (He died in 2019.) 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque,
Pete, and Bruce.
> 3. A Finnish-born architect was responsible for the TWA terminal
> at John F. Kennedy Airport, and the Gateway Arch in St. Louis.
Eero Saarinen. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Pete, and Bruce.
As usual, the first name was not required -- this was a bit generous,
as his father Eliel was also a well-known architect -- but you had
to get it right if you gave it.
> 4. This Swiss-born French architect designed Ville Savoye in Poissy,
> France; Notre Dame du Haut in Franche-Comté, France; and the
> main government buildings in Chandigarh, India.
Le Corbusier. (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris.) 4 for Joshua
and Bruce.
> 5. This exponent of the "prairie style" was the architect for the
> Guggenheim Museum in New York.
Frank Lloyd Wright. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Pete, and Bruce.
> 6. This architect, who was also an astronomer and mathematician,
> designed St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
Sir Christopher Wren. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque, and Bruce.
> 7. An Israeli-born architect, educated at McGill University,
> """is""" responsible for the National Gallery in Ottawa and
> Habitat (part of Expo 67) in Montreal.
Moshe Safdie. (Still alive.) 4 for Joshua.
> 8. A Canadian-born architect, """now""" living in Los Angeles,
> designed another Guggenheim Museum -- a """new""" one in Bilbao,
> Spain, widely called by architects the most important building
> of """this""" century.
Frank Gehry. (Still alive and still in Los Angeles.) 4 for Dan Blum,
Joshua, Pete, and Bruce.
The museum in Bilbao opened in 1997. It's where the first scene of
the 1999 James Bond movie "The World is Not Enough" takes place.
> 9. This artist and architect could take credit for Florence's
> Medici Chapel, and St. Peter's in Rome.
Michelangelo. 4 for Dan Tilque and Pete.
> 10. A writer, politician, and diplomat designed Monticello, in
> Virginia, and also the University of Virginia. Who?
Thomas Jefferson. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque, Pete,
and Bruce.
> * Game 3, Round 6 - Science - Rocket Science
> 1. What is the essential difference between a rocket and a jet
> engine?
This was suposed to be one of the easy ones. A rocket carries a
supply of oxidizer, such as liquid oxygen; a jet consumes oxygen
from the surrounding air. 4 for Dan Tilque and Bruce.
> Please decode the rot13 for the next two questions only after you
> have finished with question #1.
> 2. The earliest rockets were solid ones, in which the oxidizer
> and fuel are mixed together in powder or similar form. The name
> of their inventor is unknown today, so just tell us what country
> they were invented in.
China. 4 for everyone -- Dan Blum, Joshua, Erland, Dan Tilque,
Pete, and Bruce.
They were used as weapons against the Mongols in 1232.
> 3. Most large rockets today use liquid oxygen as an oxidizer, but
> any of several liquids as fuel. The V-2 rocket of World War II,
> the Saturn V rocket of Project Apollo, and """today's""" Space
> Shuttle have contained between them four models of liquid-fueled
> main engines and used three different liquid fuels. Name *any
> one* of these three fuels.
Alcohol (ethanol), kerosene (RP-1), liquid hydrogen. 4 for Dan Tilque
and Bruce.
Alcohol on the V-2; kerosene on the Saturn V's first stage; hydrogen
on the Saturn V's other two stages and on the Shuttle (which last
operated in 2011).
> 4. The V-2 rocket was developed under the technical leadership of
> what man, who together with his key team members defected to
> the Americans late in the war and ended up in a leading position
> on Project Apollo?
Wernher von Braun. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque, Pete,
and Bruce.
They picked the Americans on the grounds that "we despise the French;
we are mortally afraid of the Russians; and we do not believe the
British can afford us". When they decided to go, they were much
nearer to the Russian lines than the American, but a trip across
Germany to transport their research to a safer place where work
would continue was approved. Accordingly they were able to take
with them hundreds of personnel and also large amounts of equipment
and rocket parts.
> 5. The first liquid-fueled rocket was launched in 1926 by an
> American, who was well aware of the theoretical possibility that
> his work could lead to space exploration but lacked the military
> funding that <answer 4> had. What was this American's name?
Robert Goddard. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque, Pete, and Bruce.
Goddard had already written about the possibilities of rockets
in space exploration, but in 1920 the "New York Times" ridiculed
his elementary error of assuming that a rocket could actually work
in space. It was all right, through -- when Apollo 11 was en route
to the Moon in 1969, they apologized for the error.
See:
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/14/news/150th-anniversary-1851-2001-the-facts-that-got-away.html
> 6. For a rocket to efficiently escape the Earth's gravity, it
> must rapidly accelerate to at least the speed known as escape
> velocity. What is this speed? Please answer with the nearest
> multiple of 100 mph (within 2,500) or of 100 km/h (within 4,000).
25,000 mph (accepting 22,500-27,500); 40,200 km/h (accepting
32,200-44,200). 4 for Dan Blum, Dan Tilque, and Bruce.
> 7. When a rocket finishes burning and goes into free fall, its
> trajectory (whether orbital or otherwise) is referred to by
> what adjective, derived from a Latin word for catapult?
Ballistic. 4 for Dan Blum and Dan Tilque.
> 8. When your spacecraft is in free fall, you will experience the
> condition familiarly called zero gravity. When this is the
> case, if you wish to fire your liquid-fueled rockets, you
> must begin by using a small thruster called an ullage motor.
> Why is this step necessary?
In zero gravity the propellants (fuel and oxidizer) just float
around in the tanks and won't go where they're needed. The ullage
motor creates enough acceleration that they settle at the bottom
of the tanks to be pumped to the (main) motor. 4 for Dan Blum
and Dan Tilque.
As one entrant in 2009 noted, the term "ullage" comes from the wine
and spirits business, where it means the unfilled space at the top
of a barrel or bottle.
> 9. Note for the picky: in this question we treat objects as
> point masses and ignore all perturbations and all forces other
> than gravity. Now: when a burned-out rocket or anything else
> *orbiting around* a planet or star, what mathematical shape
> must its orbit have?
An ellipse. 4 for Dan Blum, Joshua, Dan Tilque, Pete, and Bruce.
3 for Erland.
> 10. There are specific technical terms for the high and low points
> of an object's orbit around the Earth, and another pair of
> specific terms for the high and low points of an orbit around
> the Sun. Name *any one* of the four words.
Apogee, perigee, aphelion, perihelion (respectively). 4 for Dan Blum,
Elrand, Dan Tilque, Pete, and Bruce. 2 for Joshua.
Scores, if there are no errors:
GAME 3 ROUNDS-> 2 3 4 6 TOTALS
TOPICS-> His Can Art Sci
Bruce Bowler 20 8 28 32 88
Joshua Kreitzer 28 4 36 18 86
Dan Blum 16 0 24 32 72
Pete Gayde 12 16 24 20 72
Dan Tilque -- -- 16 40 56
Erland Sommarskog 16 0 0 11 27
--
Mark Brader "Oh, I'm a programmer and I'm O.K....
Toronto I work all night and I sleep all day"
m...@vex.net -- Trygve Lode (after Monty Python)