Keith W wrote:
> Jim Wilkins wrote:
>
>>"Keith W" <
keithnosp...@demon.co.uk> wrote in message
>>news:wsXxs.1248488$it2.3...@fx22.am4...
>>
>>>Gernot Hassenpflug wrote:
>>>
>>>>"Jim Wilkins" <
murat...@gmail.com> writes:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>We are a historical anomaly as the only militarily powerful nation
>>>>>with no imperialist ambitions. Who else would have worked so hard
>>>>>to
>>>>>subdue oil-rich Iraq and then freely let them go?
>>>>
>>>>I'm a bit slack-jawed after reading that.
>>>
>>>As you might be given the history of the 19th century USA
>>>with its failed land grab against Canada in 1812 and its
>>>aggressive war against Mexico that resulted in the
>>>annexation of California and most of the American
>>>South West. Then there was the seizure of Hawaii.
"Land grab against Canada"? Canada was essentially Britain,
our mortal enemy until well into the 20th century (it wasn't
a sure thing the US would fight WWI on the British side!).
We are currently celebrating the 200th anniversary of the
War of 1812 here in the US. Most Brits probably don't even
know about it. It was a side show to the much more important
Napoleonic Wars. But it is also called our second war of
independence, and the primary threat to the country came from
Britain at sea and Britain from Canada. Land grab for a purpose
and both sides were playing the game!
The Mexican War was a mixed bag in the US. Lots of people,
primarily the more intellectual types (Abe Lincoln for one)
really didn't approve. But most people did. The government
didn't have a difficult time maintaining war fever.
Still, the US paid Mexico $15 million *after victory*!
Sure, "guilt money" some might say, but how many imperialist
powers have done such a thing after *winning* a war?
For that matter, how many other powers have actually paid for
some of their territory? The Gadsden purchase: $10 million and
Alaska: $7 million. Some land was also actually bought from
Indians. Not really very imperialist behavior to my mind.
>>>The fashionable phrase of the time was
>>>that it was the 'manifest destiny' of the USA to rule
>>>the North American continent.
>>>
>>>Keith
>>
>>When colonialism was the fashion we were reluctant to participate, and
>>backed away completely after WW1.
>
> JamesPolk, 11th President of the USA was far from reluctant
> and the US congress overwhelmingly supported his actions.
> The fact is the USA was busy establishing contol over the
> territories from Atlantic to Pacific and chanced its arm more
> than once over Canada. Polk had to scale back his original
> demands in the north west which included what is now
> British Columbia when the British government made it clear
> that while they were prepared to cede claims to Oregon,
> Washington and Idaho they would fight to hold on to BC
There were forces in the US itself not wanting another war
with Britain. A willingness to fight is always a good
bargaining point, and there were certainly people in the US
and Britain/Canada willing to do so, but I think neither side
really wanted yet another war, and compromise prevaled.
I might add that this compromise morphed into the longest non-militarized
border between nations in the world. I doubt such a thing could
happen if one side of the line was a rabid war dog.
The US was part of a sort of "United Nations" force as I recall. Not
entirely certain what we got out of it beyond relief of our own diplomatic
mission safety. Maybe more trading rights, but I recall the US settlement
was quite generous compared to other participants.. I think part of
the peace settlement went toward Chinese education in the US. Not
very imperialistic.
> "The quest for an overseas empire in the late 1890s thus led to substantial
> American gains. The United States annexed Hawaii in 1898, conquered
> the Philippines and Guam from Spain in 1899, turned Cuba in effect
> into an American protectorate in 1901, and kept China opened to
> American traders and missionaries."
The Spanish-American war was our big imperial venture. We acted
like Europeans.
Puerto Rico was also in the bargain I believe. Maybe to become our 51st
state, although I doubt Republicans will go for it right now, as it would
almost surely be another solidly Democratic state such as my own
(Massachusetts). Not very imperial-like behavior there!
> The US Government enforced this last by deploying US warships
> on the Chinese river system. Remember the Panay ?
Don't know that this counts as "imperial" behavior. The ship was
there to protect American lives and property in the absence of a
forceful Chinese government. You might recall China wasn't exactly as
powerful then as it is today, and the Panay was sunk by Japanese
who were carving out their own spheres of influence in far more
forceful ways than the US ever did.
> The last US Warships only left the Yangtze Patrol when the
> communist Chinse captured the territory and threw them out
>
>>Almost all of the foreign interventions listed on this hostile site
>>were brief peace-keeping missions. You may argue over which side we
>>supported, but not that we stayed wherever we gained a toehold.
>
> Almost is not all and certainly doesnt justify the pious preaching
> the newgroup was treated to. Fact is a sizable percentage of
> the current USA was forcibly incorporated by waging aggressive
> war.
Well, *all* of Europe was so decided territorially. In fact, that's
generally the way territorial bounds are determined. We may be
treated to a new exhibition of such methodology in the boundary
disputes between China and just about everyone in the Yellow
Sea/South China Sea, etc. "Possession is 9/10ths of the law" as
they say.
I think the US has been overall different than most other nations
in its actions over the past couple centuries.
No doubt, the US has been very aggressive at times to its neighbors.
It seems we've fought just about every country in the world at one
time or another over the past 200 years (and especially last 70 or
so).
But we've also set new standards for national behavior in wars,
after wars and in peace that the *real* (European) imperial powers never
showed or would have entertained (paying off a defeated enemy??!!).
I don't think it's necessarily piety. I think there are elements
of truth to it. We aren't imperial. But perhaps you can say we
exercise imperial pretentions in non-classic imperial ways. I think
only the Confederacy and various Indian tribes have faced an
imperial US that was willing to "go Roman" on them.
Now those guys *really* knew the meaning of imperial!
> Overseas the USA fought a long and bloody war in the Phillipines to
> establish it as a United States territory which it remained until 1935.
> That war cost over 4,000 American and 20,000 Phillippine lives.
> This was hardly a 'brief peace-keeping mission'
I think it was pretty much a three or four year thing. A guerilla
war with all the nasties that go with it. Surely the US would be
centured by the UN for its actions in the Philippines if it occurred
today.
But I wonder?
Is a short, brutal war better than a long, drawn out "civilized" war?
The various Indian wars generally never lasted more than a year or
two at a time. Generally, quite brutal.
The Philippines somewhat similar. Ambush a US patrol and the local
village is destroyed in retaliation. Almost Nazi in some cases.
However, it was eventually finished, and the Philippines became a very
close ally of the US. The US still has a very close relationship with
that country. That's not been the case with other such brutal "conquests".
Kurds and Turks? Armenians and Turks? French and Germans? Koreans and
Japanese? Irish and Brits?
> I already mentioned Hawaii to which you can add American Samoa
> and those pacific islands that were previously German and Japanese
> colonies including Guam , the Northern Marianas and the US
> Virgin Islands and which remain US territories to this day.
I think British, French, Dutch, and even Swedish have "possessions"
in Caribbean and Pacific that were obtained as "mandates" from
League of Nations or UN. I think some US possessions were obtained
in such a way. Nothing particularly unique to the US. You may recall
French and British found themselves in control Palestine/Syria etc. for
similar reasons after WWI.
Furthermore, Guam, Marianas, Samoa are free to be independent nations
if they wish. They only need vote for it, as Cuba and Philippines
so desired. That's not very imperial.
How many votes did inhabitants of British East Africa, French West Africa,
Spanish Sahara, Dutch East Indies, etc get? Not until well after the US
set the standard.
Except for a brief period of US imitation of Europe (late 19th early
20th centuries), the US has largely lacked imperial ambition. Certainly
less than that displayed by Europe.
SMH