On 7/11/12 1:17 AM, Dorothy J Heydt wrote:
> In article<4ffcd10c$0$74859$
8046...@auth.newsreader.iphouse.com>,
>>> I doubt many have read Frankenstein, or Dracula, or even 20,000 Leagues
>>> Under the Sea, or War of the Worlds; yet everyone pretends to them well.
>>
>> 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea was widely available as a children's book
>> in the 1950s; don't know about later times. I've read it, though only
>> in English. I've also read Dracula and War of the Worlds.
>
> The English translation I read, as a child, was ... lacking in a
> few places. Professor Arronax begins with saying he was out
> doing fieldwork in "les mauvais terres d'Idaho." Translation
> said, "The terrible regions of Idaho." Try "Badlands."
>
Here in great and gory detail is what I wrote before Renovation last
year about another Verne translation:
In preparation for one of the Worldcon book discussions this year,
I read FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON by Jules Verne. The translation
I read was the 1874 translation by Louis Mercier and Eleanor E.
King (hereafter referred to as Mercier/King), in a book published
in 1905 (no ISBN). The other translations I referred to were the
Edward Roth, from the same era and reprinted by Dover (ISBN 978-0-
486-46964-5), and the Walter James Miller in THE ANNOTATED JULES
VERNE: FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON (ISBN 978-0-517-14833-4). I also
compared them to the French original, available on-line. You can
take it as a given that any public domain (pre-1922) English
translation of Verne is pretty bad. I've commented on this before
(in my review of JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH), but will
point out a few examples here. (Why did I read these translations?
Because they are the ones we had in the house.)
The result of all the bad translations is that Verne's knowledge of
Florida (and the United States in general) often seems as shaky as
his knowledge of the moon. Mercier/King has Stones Hill, near
Tampa, have an elevation of 1800 feet; the highest elevation
anywhere in Florida is 345 feet. The Edward Roth translation is
only marginally better than Mercier/King's, with and elevation as
"nearly a thousand feet." But Verne got it right: the original
French gives Stone's Hill an elevation of only 300 feet. (Well, I
*thought* it was the original French, but Miller also says 1800
feet. Was the on-line version corrected by someone?)
However, both Mercier/King and the original French has the highest
elevation of the Appalachians (in New Hampshire) as 5600 feet; it
is actually 6288 feet. (Roth re-writes the passage to get it
right; Miller claims Verne said 6600 feet.) Both Verne and
Mercier/King have that the highest elevation of the Rocky Mountains
is 10,700 feet; it is actually 14,433 feet. Verne does not seem to
know about the Sierra Nevada at all. And when he places the high
point in "the territory of Missouri", he is being anachronistic,
since while the Missouri Territory did include Longs Peak, the
territory was re-organized and renamed in 1821, well before the
time of the story. As it reads, though, it could easily be read as
the state of Missouri, which is patently ridiculous. There are no
peaks that high in the state of Missouri. (Again, Roth corrects
Verne's errors, and places it in the "Territory of Colorado";
Miller annotates it.)
Indeed, Roth takes such liberties with sections of Verne that at
times it is scarcely a translation at all. When one reads
Mercier/King, one gets an abridged version with sloppy translation
and most of Verne's science left out; when one reads Roth, one is
reading an American author's paraphrase of Verne containing a lot
of elaboration that Verne never wrote. The result is that when I
compared one translation to the other, or to the original French, I
often got the feeling I was looking at four different books.
One entire chapter Mercier/King leaves out is titled (in Roth's
translation) "Which Lady Readers Are Requested to Skip". There is
nothing racy here--it is full of scientific information about the
moon. But the title scarcely represents Verne's attitude toward
women, because his original title is "What It Is Impossible Not to
Know and What It Is No Longer Permissible to Believe in the United
States" (as Miller accurately translates it).
And another minor translation example: Mercier/King translates "en
deux mots" as "in two words" when clearly what is meant is "in two
sayings".
Much has been made of the similarities between Verne's moon launch
and the Apollo program. Both launch from Florida, both carry three
men, both use up-to-the-minute materials, one named the cannon
Columbiad and the other the ship Columbia, and so on. But Verne
launches from the west coast of Florida, not the east, and uses a
"count-up" (to forty) rather than a count-down, providing
additional support to the claim that Fritz Lang invented the
countdown in FRAU IM MOND.
Verne had an odd idea of how duels were fought in the United
States: he seemed to think that the two participants entered a
forest with guns and dogs, and hunted each other like wild game.
He thought there was a venomous spider as large as a pigeon's egg--
and with claws--that was native to Florida. (To be fair, the
naturalist William Bartram describes a spider of this size, though
I doubt he mentions claws.)
Verne has included humor--though at times one is more likely to
call them attempts at humor. There is certainly black humor in his
description of the Baltimore Gun Club: "Crutches, wooden legs,
artificial arms, iron hands, gutta percha jaws, silver skulls,
platina noses, false teeth--nothing was wanting to the collection;
and W. J. Pitcairn, the statistician already mentioned, calculated
that in the Gun Club, on an average, there was only one arm for
every four men, and one pair of legs for every six." And he gives
us (according to Miller) Tom Hunter, whose "wooden legs, resting on
the fender in the smoking room, were slowly charring"; Billsby
"trying to stretch the arms he no longer had"; Colonel Bloomsbury,
who could not stuff his hands in his pockets, "though it was not
pockets he lacked"; and J. T. Marston, "scratching his gutta-percha
skull with his iron hook." (This is Miller's translation; Roth
gives Bilsby one glass eye and makes Bloomsbury the only armless
member named; Mercier/King's is much shorter and omits Bloomsbury
altogether. Miller's is the most accurate.)
On the other hand, a lot of Verne's attempts at humor rely on
national stereotypes, such as in his descriptions of how much money
each nation contributed and why. Again, the two translations
disagree on details, but the general idea is certainly Verne's.
(Another example of this in Roth's translation, describing the
tourists from all over the world who come to the launch, seems to
have been entirely invented by Roth; it does not appear in Verne's
original at all.)
What was not made clear was whether the book discussion would
include ROUND THE MOON (a.k.a. ALL AROUND THE MOON), which is
usually included as the second part of FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON.
The Dover book lists both titles, but the Mercier/King volume just
calls itself FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON even though it includes
ROUND THE MOON. Miller does not include it at all.
And I will note in passing that the 1958 film version of FROM THE
EARTH TO THE MOON is terrible, and as inaccurate as the earlier
translations, providing yet another story in place of Verne's.
One feels obliged to compare this to H. G. Wells's FIRST MEN IN THE
MOON. Verne was dismissive of Wells's work, saying, "Where is this
cavorite? Let him produce it." But Verne's method of propulsion
is no better, for all his attempts to make it scientific. You can
fire a shell from a cannon, but not a capsule containing human
beings. Well, not and have them survive, anyway. Wells's work
certainly has more characterization and less infodump, and frankly
has aged better.