3 Phantastic Phive Group
A. Trevor
group paper:
noear zhuo
Korn W
Korn W
check out these links.....forget about those i've posted!!!
panya visetkaew
ข้าวคือชีวิต7 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQrC93aQlmQ
|
Farming must change to feed the world |
04-02-2009 | |
FAO expert urges more sustainable approach | ||
http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/9962/icode/
http://www.usariceme.com/usarice_en
http://www.nidambe11.net/ekonomiz/2004q4/article2004dec29p5.htm
http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2008/may/09/theres-plenty-of-rice-in-america/
http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/ai474e/ai474e05.htm
http://www.fas.usda.gov/grain/circular/2009/01-09/grainfull01-09.pdf
http://www.fas.usda.gov/grain_arc.asp
http://www.riceexporters.or.th/default_eng.htm
I think this web is useful coz you can find almost every info about rice as categories, background, market, history, statistic,news, world analysis about rice. You can click link from this web page and get into another useful website.
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Now, i'm doing note cards, and try to search the information from the internet as mush as i can
i have a little problem with my e-mail(i use hotmail instead of g-mail, stupid ha?), so i'm sorry to reply you guy a littie bit lateNow, i'm doing note cards, and try to search the information from the internet as mush as i can2009/2/10 panya visetkaew <panyam...@gmail.com>
Forwarded conversation
Subject: 3 Phantastic Phive Group
------------------------
From: A. Trevor <trevor...@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/3
To: "A. Trevor Ranges Research Paper Writing 2009" <Ranges...@googlegroups.com>
Use this discussion to tell your team what you have been doing on the
group paper:
----------
From: noear zhuo <sarak...@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/5
To: Ranges...@googlegroups.com
----------
From: Korn W <sarak...@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/5
To: Ranges...@googlegroups.com
----------
From: Korn W <sarak...@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/6
To: Ranges...@googlegroups.com
On Thu, Feb 5, 2009 at 9:42 PM, Korn W <sarak...@gmail.com> wrote:
check out these links.....forget about those i've posted!!!
Suri Thongtan
Korn W
Korn W
panya visetkaew
Suri Thongtan
ploygust pp
Korn W
Suri Thongtan
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Korn W
Suri Thongtan
Please also think about the primary resources.
Suri Thongtan
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
Suri Thongtan
Korn W
Suri Thongtan
http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=Local_News&subsection=Qatar+News&month=February2009&file=Local_News2009022013732.xml
http://www.oryza.com/Asia-Pacific/Thailand-Market/flood-resistant-rice.html
http://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=4712788&page=1
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Suri Thongtan
1.Farmers
1)What are the defects of using technology in the rice field?
2)What are the major problems in the fields today?
3)In your opinion, should the quality of Thai rice be improved?
4)Which aspects of life you want to improve most?
5)How can the government help you to improve the quality of life?
2.Consumers
1)Where do you usually buy rice?
[ ] Supermarket [ ] Market [ ] Retail shop [ ] Others________
2)Though Thailand is number one rice exporter, Thai farmers don't earn
a lot from it. Who do you think should be responsible for this?
[ ] Government [ ] Middle man [ ] Farmers [ ] Others________
3)What type of rice do you usually eat?
[ ] White rice [ ] Brown rice [ ] Others________
4)Would you be willing to buy a more expensive rice which farmers get
more money from it?
[ ] Yes [ ] No
5)Are there something in Thai rice that should be improved?
[ ] Yes, ________________________________
[ ] No, it's good.
[ ] No comment
panya visetkaew
Korn W
1. What are the problems of using technologies in the rice cultivation?
2. In what way that you can improve the yield?
3. Do you think that yield is the important factor in improving the quality of Thai rice?
4. Middle man is the major problem that every farmers have to face so, how much does the middle man effect you?
5. Do you think that government should pay more attention to Thai agriculture or not? If you think so, what factor that you want
them to improve most?
survey questions for customers
1. What do you think about the quality of Thai rice?
( ) Excellent ( ) Good ( ) Need to be improved
2. Have you eaten the rice of other nations?
( ) Yes (cont. no.3) ( ) No
3. You have eaten the rice of which country?
__________________
4. What do you think about its quality when compare to Thai's?
( ) Taste better than Thai rice ( ) Taste in the same way with Thai rice ( ) Taste worse than Thai rice
5. Do you think that farmers are effected from the price of Thai rice right now ?
( ) Yes. In what way? ________________________
( ) No.
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Korn W
2) Gender เพศ
[ ] Male ชาย [ ] Female หญิง
3) How long do you work in the field? คุณทำนามานานเท่าไร
4) How much income do you get per year? รายรับต่อปีของคุณเป็นจำนวนเท่าไร
5) What are the problems of the rice cultivation? คุณประสบปัญหาอะไรบ้างในการทำนา
6) How much did you spend for farming equipment? คุณเสียค่าใช้จ่ายให้กับอุปกรณ์การทำนาเป็นจำนวนเท่าไร
7) Do you think you get enough help from the government? คุณคิดว่าคุณได้รับการช่วยเหลือจากทางรัฐบาลเพียงพอหรือไม่
[ ] Yes เพียงพอ [ ] No ไม่เพียงพอ
8) Do you think how much government should intervene in rice production? คุณคิดว่ารัฐบาลควรจะทำการแทรกแซงในการผลิตผลิตผลของคุณมากน้อยเพียงใด
[ ] 100% [ ] 80% [ ] 60% [ ] 40% [ ] Should not involve ไม่ควรแทรกแซง
9) To what extent, the government can help you? คุณคิดว่ารัฐบาลควรจะให้ความช่วยเหลือในด้านใด
1) How can the government help you? รัฐบาลให้ความช่วยเหลือกับคุณในด้านใดบ้าง
1) How long could you harvest the rice? คุณใช้ระยะเวลาประมาณเท่าใดในการเก็บเกี่ยว
1) How do you manage soil to regenerate? คุณสามารถสร้างดินใหม่ได้อย่างไร
1) Do you use any kind of chemical in your rice? If yes, do you aware of any dangerous?
คุณได้ใช้สารเคมีในการปลูกข้าวหรือไม่ ถ้าใช้ คุณระวังในอันตรายของสารเคมีหรือไม่
1) In what way that you can improve the yield? คุณใช้วิธีใดในการปรับปรุงผลผลิตของคุณให้ดีขึ้น
1) Do you get exploitation from the middle man? คุณคิดว่าคุณได้รับผลประโยชน์อย่างไม่ธรรมจากพ่อค้าคนกลางหรือไม่
1) What ways do you think we should use in farming? คุณคิดว่าเราควรจะใช้วิธีการใดในการทำนา
คุณได้ใช้หลักเศรษฐกิจพอเพียงในยุ้งข้าวของคุณมากน้อยเพียงใด
[ ] 100% [ ] 80% [ ] 60% [ ] 40% [ ] Not at all ไม่ได้ใช้เลย
1) What do you do when you harvest your rice? คุณมีวิธีการอย่างไรในการเก็บเกี่ยวข้าว
19 Did you borrow the village budget to use for farmer expense? คุณได้ขอยืมงบจากทางหมู่บ้านมาใช้สอยในส่วนของค่าใช้จ่ายของชาวนาหรือไม่
20 How much did you borrow from them? คุณได้ขอยืมมาเป็นจำนวนเงินเท่าไร
Korn W
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
Korn W
ploygust pp
Hey! my aunt will ems those survey papers tomorrow, so
i think we should meet this weekend n try to finish our first draft before tuesday!
panya visetkaew
Korn W
hey everyone!
here is how to do with our first draft...
the name of your topic ( ex. 1A censorship in movie )
- sub topic
explain the sub-topic in paragraph
- sub topic
hhahahhahhahahhahahahahahhahahahklkjakjkf;jeljoaijfke;laiej;ajfie;aijfie;aejfia
jaif;jiejf;ajieajfie;ajefjaiejfoiejfiejiejfeifoe;aifjieajfeijfkfkdkfkdfkfjkdjfkalijfkafkejiafjik;a
hkjsfkjiwe
ok! hope u guys understand...
have a good weekend & don't forget to do our work!!! ^^
captain
ploygust pp
Survey questions for farmers
North East Thailand - Ubon ratchatanee and Yasothon
1) เพศ / Gender [ ] ชาย Male [ ]หญิง Female
2) คุณอายุเท่าไร / How old are you?
3) คุณทำนามานานเท่าไร ?/ How long do you work in the field?
4) รายรับต่อปีของคุณเป็นจำนวนเท่าไร?
How much income do you get per year?
[ ] 1000 – 10000 1+1+1+1 =4
[ ] 10000-25000 1+1 =2
[ ] 25000-50000 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =16
[ ] 50000-100000 1+1+1+1+1+1 =6
[ ] 100000- 150000 1+1 =2
[ ] 150000 ขึ้นไป
5) ที่ดินที่คุณใช้ในการทำนาเป็นของคุณหรือไม่?
Are you a landowner?
[ ] Yes ใช่ 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =25
[ ] No ไม่ 1+1+1+1+1 =5
6) คุณปลูกข้าวชนิดใด?
what kind of rice do you plant?
[ ] ข้าวหอมมะลิ white 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =10
[ ] ข้าวเหนียว /sticky 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =19
[ ] ข้าวกล้อง brown 1 =1
[ ]อื่นๆโปรด ระบุothers……….
7) คุณประสบปัญหาอะไรบ้างในการทำนา?
What are the problems of the rice cultivation?
[ ] เรื่อง เงินทุน Investment 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =14
[ ] เรื่อง ผลผลิต Production 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =16
8) คุณเสียค่าใช้จ่ายให้กับอุปกรณ์การทำนาเป็นจำนวนเท่าไร?
How much did you spend for farming equipment?
[ ] 1000 – 10000 1+1+1+1+1+1 =6
[ ] 10000-25000 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =11
[ ] 25000-50000 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =13
[ ] 50000-100000
[ ] 100000- 150000
[ ] 150000 ขึ้นไป
9) คุณคิดว่าคุณได้รับการช่วยเหลือจากทางรัฐบาลเพียงพอหรือไม่?
Do you think you get enough help from the government?
[ ] เพียงพอ Yes 1=1
[ ] ไม่เพียงพอ No 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1=29
10) คุณคิดว่ารัฐบาลควรจะทำมีส่วนร่วมในการผลิตผลิตผลของคุณมากน้อยเพียงใด?
Do you think how much government should intervene in rice production?
[ ] 100% 1+1+1 =3
[ ] 80% 1 =1
[ ] 60% 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =8
[ ] 40% 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =12
[ ] ไม่ควรแทรกแซง / should not involve 1+1+1+1+1+1 =6
11) คุณใช้ระยะเวลาประมาณเท่าใดในการเก็บเกี่ยว
How long could you harvest the rice?
[ ] 1เดือน 1 =1
[ ] 3 เดือน 1+1+1+1 =4
[ ] 6 เดือน 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =23
[ ] 9 เดือน 1+1 =2
[ ] 1 ปี
[ ] 1 ปีขึ้นไป
12) คุณได้ใช้สารเคมีในการปลูกข้าวหรือไม่ ถ้าใช้ คุณระวังในอันตรายของสารเคมีหรือไม่?
Do you use any kind of chemical in your rice? If yes, do you aware of any dangerous?
[ ] ใช้ use 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =20
- [ ]ระวัง beware 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =17
- [ ] ไม่ระวัง not beware 1+1+1 =3
[ ] ไม่ใช้ not use 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =10
13) คุณคิดว่าคุณได้รับผลประโยชน์อย่างไม่ธรรมจากพ่อค้าคนกลางหรือไม่?/
Do you get exploitation from the middle man?
[ ] Yes ใช่ 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =11
[ ] No ไม่ 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =19
14) คุณจำหน่ายข้าว โดยวิธีใด
How do you sell your rice product?
[ ] ขายเอง/direct sell 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =14
[ ] จำหน่ายผ่าน พ่อค้าคนกลาง/middle man 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =16
15) คุณสีข้าวโดยใช้เครื่องสีข้าว ของผู้ใด
Whose milling machine do you use?
[ ] มีเครื่องสีของตนเอง / your own
1+1+1+1 =4
[ ] ใช้เครื่องสีของโรงสีข้าว/ rice mill.
1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =26
16) คุณคิดว่าเราควรจะใช้วิธีการใดในการทำนา?
What ways do you think we should use in farming?
[ ] วิธีการแบบดั้งเดิม เช่น ใช้โคกระบือ / Traditional way as buffaloes
1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =9
[ ] เทคโนโลยี เช่น รถแทรกเตอร์ และ สารเคมี / Technology (tractor) and chemical 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =16
[ ] หลักเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง / Sufficient economy Strategy
1+1+1+1+1 =5
[ ] Others___________________________ อื่นๆ (โปรดระบุ)
17) คุณได้ใช้หลักเศรษฐกิจพอเพียงของในหลวง ในยุ้งข้าวของคุณมากน้อยเพียงใด?
How much percentage of sufficient economy of Thai King that you use in your farm?
[ ] 100% 1 =1
[ ] 80% 1+1+1 =3
[ ] 60% 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =9
[ ] 40% 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =12
[ ] Not at all ไม่ได้ใช้เลย 1+1+1+1+1 =5
18) คุณได้ขอยืมงบจากทางหมู่บ้านมาใช้สอยในส่วนของค่าใช้จ่ายของชาวนาหรือไม่?
Did you borrow the village budget to use for farmer expense?
[ ] Yes ใช่ 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =22
[ ] No ไม่ 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =8
19) คุณได้ขอยืมมาเป็นจำนวนเงินเท่าไร?
How much did you borrow from them?
[ ]1000 – 10000 1+1+1+1+1 =5
[ ]10000-25000 1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =8
[ ]25000-50000 1+1 =2
[ ]50000-100000 1++1+1+1+1+1+1+1 =9
[ ]มากกว่า 100000
[ ] ไม่ได้ยืม 1+1+1+1+1+1 =6
20) คุณคิดว่ารัฐบาลควรจะให้ความช่วยเหลือในด้านใด?
To what extent, the government can help you?
- ราคาข้าว 9
- ด้านผลผลิต 5
- เงินลงทุน 5
- ดอกเบี้ยเงินกู้ 3
- งบประมาณ
- ราคาปุ๋ย
- สภาพภูมิอากาศ แห้งแล้ง น้ำท้วม-
- ภาษี
panya visetkaew
muanfun tangpinijkarn
16. <http://www.riceexporters.or.th/world%20rice%20trade.htm>
17. <http://www.biothai.org/cgi-bin/content/biopiracy/show.pl?0004>
18. <http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/!ut/p/_s.7_0_A/7_0_1OB?contentidonly=true&contentid=2009/02/0036.xml>
19. <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/a/agriculture_department/index.html>
20. <http://www.agribusinessweek.com/improving-rice-yields-with-new-technologies/>
21. <http://www.agribusinessweek.com/late-but-not-outdone-rice-farming/>
22. <http://www.agnet.org/library/ac/1993a/>
23. <http://www.gmanews.tv/story/105182/Test-new-rice-farming-method-Agriculture-dept-urged>
24. <http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/4/13/focus/20939261&sec=focus>
25. <http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/01/27/technology/technology_30094256.php>
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28. <http://www.bilaterals.org/article.php3?id_article=5655>
29. <http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/9962/icode/>
30. <http://www.usariceme.com/usarice_en/rice_basics>
31. <http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2008/may/09/theres-plenty-of-rice-in-america/>
32. <http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/ai474e/ai474e05.htm>
33. <http://www.fas.usda.gov/grain_arc.asp>
34. < http://www.thailand.com/exports/html/industry_rice.htm>
35. <http://www.unctad.org/infocomm/anglais/rice/market.htm>
36. <http://www.ic.or.th/database/investment/p1.html>
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38. <http://www.fao.org/Wairdocs/TAC/X5801E/x5801e08.htm>
39. <http://countrystudies.us/thailand/67.htm>
40. <http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5ixDN85un6ReW59BDwXBO_7HNB_Gg>
41. <http://www.thailandlife.com/thaifarmer.html>
42. <http://sunsite.au.ac.th/thailand/thai_life/farmer.html>
43. <http://thairice.org/eng/aboutRice/future_thaiRice_2.htm>
44. <http://query.nytime.com/gst/Abstract/>
50. http://www.ricefarming.com/Home/2008_DecProducersForum.html
51. http://www.thailandlife.com/thaifarmer.html
52. http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/01/29/waterproof.rice/index.html
53. http://www.asiarice.org/asiarice/demosite/sections/whatsnew/californiarice-Apr2005.html
54. http://www.asiarice.org/asiarice/demosite/sections/whatsnew/Riceconsumers-USA.htm
55. http://www.ricefarming.com/Home/2008_JuneRiceMonth.html
60. http://www.gideononline.com/case/thaifarmer.htm
61. http://www.westonaprice.org/farming/traditional-farming.html
62. http://www.siamrath.co.th/UIFont/NewsDetail.aspx?cid=57&nid=23772
63. http://www.baanmaha.com/community/archive/index.php/t-26160.html
64. http://www.dwr.go.th/webboard/viewtopic.php?t=19&start=30&sid=fd286de05a8a8f180a34a172cb65e390
65. http://thainews.prd.go.th/view.php?m_newsid=255106140086&tb=N255106
66. http://enews.mcot.net/view.php?id=5430
67. http://thaihandiwork.com/thairice_themonarchyandthairice41.php?language=TH
68. http://smart-farm.blogspot.com/2009/01/spy-technology-for-farming.html
69. http://nanotech.sc.mahidol.ac.th/i-sense/smart_farm.html
70. http://teakdoor.com/thailand-and-asia-news/26767-thailand-queen-voices-concern-about-rice.html
71. http://teakdoor.com/issues/25595-prices-rice-asia-s-essential-food.html
72. http://thaihandiwork.com/thairice_preface.php?language=TH
73. http://www.thainaturalfarming.com/
74. http://www.foodmarketexchange.com/datacenter/product/grain/rice/detail/dc_pi_gr_rice0502.htm
75. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/read.php?newsid=30086846&keyword=brown
76. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/01/14/business/business_30093165.php
80. http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/world/20090215TDY04306.htm
81. http://www.globalexchange.org/countries/asia/thailand/5894.html
82. http://www.enews20.com/news_Thai_exporters_predict_tragedy_for_rice_industry_in_2009_10493.html
83. http://www.usarice.com/doclib/157/3366.pdf
84. http://www.usarice.com/doclib/188/219/3674.pdf
85. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/02/2009-02-04.018414/view
87. www.thairice.org/html/article/pdf_files/Rice_thegrain_of_Culture.pdf
88. http://www.thairice.org/html/article/pdf_files/ReadersDigest_Aug2008.pdf
89. http://beta.irri.org/news/images/stories/ricetoday/81/SCIENCE_rice_on_the_cutting_edge.pdf
90. http://www.irri.org/publications/today/pdfs/6-1/11-15.pdf
91. http://beta.irri.org/news/images/stories/ricetoday/81/FACTS_rice_and_the_global_financial_crisis.pdf
92. http://beta.irri.org/news/images/stories/ricetoday/81/SCIENCE_how_much_water_does_rice_use.pdf
93. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/read.php?newsid=30093771&keyword=rice
94. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/read.php?newsid=30095677&keyword=rice
96. http://www.oryza.com/Asia-Pacific/Thailand-Market/flood-resistant-rice.html
97. http://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=4712788&page=1
98. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7328087.stm
99. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/02/16/business/business_30095773.php
100. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2009/02/21/opinion/opinion_30096246.php
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Suri Thongtan
Suri Thongtan
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
panya visetkaew
panya visetkaew
Remember, send your first draft to Ploygust OK
Korn W
panya visetkaew
Hey guys, if you have any information about another person topic, not your topic. Please send it to her or him coz it will useful info. If you have America note card (ploygust), you should send to everyone to see coz i don't have any.
panya visetkaew
Don't forget that our outline needs to be fixed. IF you have any idea what you want to add or change, you can. Make sure that you add the solution to your problem in your outline as well. I don't know how you are going to answer so i don't want to write anything i want. I respect everyone decision. Every your vote will be worth.
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
If anyone has anything to add in America, please do
ploygust pp
please post the summary of every survey here
i need them, thank you !
ploygust pp
1. Background and Problems changed to --> Background of Rice cultivating and Thai farmer.
a. Traditional way of farming has symbolized life style
b. Rice culture is changing
c. Thai Rice is on the verge of losing the rice market --> better move to suri's part?
2. Problems: Farmers
A. Lack of Education
a. Using of chemical will reduce the quality of rice
b. Fertilizer is too expensive that takes from abroad
c. เศรษฐกิจพอเพียง Lack of how to use the most efficient of land
3. Problems: Government Organization
a. The production process is unorganized
b. Lack of water supply due to bad organization
c. Government doesn’t prepare for the natural disaster
d. The government doesn’t regulate the economy that made prices to high
4. Problems: Technology and Invention
a. Not enough scientific research for advancing the product
b. The tools for farming lack of efficient
5. Problems: Exploitation from National and International Prices
a. Middle man press down the rice prices
b. Foreigners control the rice prices
c. Thai Rice is on the verge of losing the rice market
6.
America Rice Compare to Thai Rice
7. Solution to the Problem?
a. Government should intervene the economy
b. We need a strong central government to negotiate
ploygust pp
Suri Thongtan
We can use this information for part 6, the note cards I haven't been used:
The difference between rice of Asia and Western is Westerners invented dry popped rice for their cereals, but people in Asia cook rice fresh (14-24-1).
Western countries have used precision farming to involve "the use of orbiting satellites, geographic information systems, and specialized mechanical equipment." The precision farming can apply "water and fertilizers in a knowledgeable manner at rates required by the crops in each field or even within a field," which is the way that Asian countries should modify it to improve their farming technique (7-24).
At the beginning, American farmers studied “the European soil building techniques” which they had disregarded before. With these techniques, they could increase their income (61-1).
American farmers have cheese manufacturing from the cows in green season. The cheese manufacturing is a “dense, high-value product” that can be found in many cities (61-8).
Suri Thongtan
ploygust pp
Guys!! my computer cant format your documents into the same text format!!
- use Times Roman 12 na!!!!! and type your name on the right top
- change and set the margins of the document like the latest sheet told.
- make sure your title and body paragraph + etc are correct like he told us in class
Suri Thongtan
In the time of rapid population growth, Western influence came in and people started to change their value. As a result, poor farmers were unconditionally moved to far countryside. And this caused the decline in environment and social inequality (6-381).
Korn W
ploygust pp
#1 new outline
Phantastic Phive
Thesis: Thai farmers need to utilize new technology and Thailand still need to develop more advanced. We have examined the problems of farmers in Thailand and how could we can improve or change.
- Background of rice cultivating in Thailand.
a) Traditional way of farming has symbolized life style
b) Rice culture is changing
- Problems: Farmers
a) Lack of Education
b) Using of chemical will reduce the quality of rice
c) Fertilizer is too expensive that takes from abroad
d) Lack of how to use the most efficient of land
- Problems: Government Organization
a) The production process is unorganized
b) Lack of water supply due to bad organization
c) Government doesn’t prepare for the natural disaster
d) The government doesn’t regulate the economy that made prices to high
- Problems: Technology and Invention
a) Not enough scientific research for advancing the product
b) The tools for farming lack of efficient
- Problems: Exploitation from National and International Prices
a) Middle man press down the rice prices
b) Foreigners control the rice prices
c) Export
- America Rice Compare to Thai Rice
Solution to the Problem?
Government should intervene the economy
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
Introduction
Ploygust
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
1. Background of rice cultivating in Thailand.
a). Traditional way of farming has symbolized life style
Rice has an important role in many activities of Thai people. The relationship with rice of Thais creates lots of rice’s culture, belief, ritual, intelligent celebration, as well as life style of Thai people. It is a part of Thai culture and tradition which inherited from generation to generation. The attachment between Thai people and rice forms different cultures regarding rice such as the goddess of rice’s worship (Mae Phosop), harvest cooperation, and the threshing of rice. In particular, the ceremony “Raenakwan” on the The Royal Ploughing day, which usually takes place on 5th May every year at Sanam Luang. This ceremony has been performed since ancient times in order to give an auspicious beginning to the new planting season. (101-1)
In general, Thai people have rice for the main course in daily life. There are both sticky rice and normal rice, which can be cooked as the main course or dessert such as, sweeten sticky rice with coconut cream or sweeten sticky rice with steamed custard. In addition, Thai traditional lifestyles are influenced by rice culture especially in Thai proverb in the daily language. For example, “Kin Kao Yung – Ma Kin Kao Kun” translates to “Have you had dinner yet?- let’s have a meal together”. It is the simple way of Thais greeting each other to show the concern or to invite someone to have a meal together. Please wait im Editing this part will send you before 20pm,
a) Rice culture is changing
Thais have cultivated rice for a long time and have improved it continuously. Since rice is the main food of Thai people from ancient period, most Thai people live by growing rice. Moreover, Rice feeds the whole nation and the farmers are regarded as “the backbone of the country.” [47-38]. There are two major ways of rice cultivating, local rice culture and modern rice culture.
Local rice culture is the way of living, pattern, and process of rice growing with equipments and tools from local intelligence of farmers inherited from the past to present. The goal of rice growing is mainly for consumption with the intelligence of ancient people such as ploughing rice farm with animal force, harvesting and threshing rice with local method and equipment, using muck as fertilizer, removing weed by plucking, using herb and local method to remove pests, using beam, knife, and mattock as their tools. These behaviors consider to be local rice culture evaluating from the past. However, the local rice growing method starts to change because the old tradition farming takes long time in processing.
Nowadays, the local rice growing is replaced by the modern rice culture which has more advantageous. Farmers use new technology machine in rice farming due to the reason that they could get easier output bring their product to sell quicker. However, the modern farming can effect farmer’s culture and society. The struggling economic situation forces farmers to work harder and resulting in having more efforts of people in the village. All of their efforts are for money rather than their own living. They grow rice for selling, breed fish for selling, grow vegetable for selling only. In addition, changing to use modern equipments removes local concepts about land, water, wind, fire, and rice-related rituals like plowing ceremony, rice welcome ceremony, chopping and preparing farm ceremony, and buffalo welcome ceremony. These ceremonies cannot be adapted to modern farming and they have disappeared.
Furthermore, in the modern farming culture, farmers need investment capital for farming such as purchasing chemical fertilizer, chemicals, tools and equipments, and paying for transportation. This is different from the local farming that investing capital is not necessary. New advancement creates more debts and distress for farmers, and it also causes poorer status of farmers. According to the survey of 30 farmers in Northern East Thailand, Yasothon province, found that 22 out of 30 farmers who borrow money from the village budget and Agricultural Cooperatives in order to use for farmer expense, moreover some of them faced the problem of high interest rate. It has clearly seen that increasing income is followed by increasing expenses accordingly, They annually spend a lot of money for these equipments and tools but their income is not sufficient to improve their better lives.
Mai
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
2. Problems: Farmers
The most influence problem why Thailand needs to develop more advanced is the problems of farmers themselves. First of all, the next generation of Thai farmers moves to big city as Bangkok, and turns to work in factories for industrialization. No one wants to work for agriculture anymore due to less money and more hard work. Moreover, the values of Thai society change day by day, which makes farmers and farming becoming unpopular, and looked down. Thus, Thai farmers nowadays that we usually see are farmers more than 50 years old that are not capable to do hard work producing efficient products (I). These circumstances may lead Thai farmers who were called the bone of country extinct eventually.
Inconsequence of concerning about lacking of farmers in the future, the rice company establishes the project about creating the farmers’ generation. This project organizes because the company wants to show many people who abandon this career that being farmers can be stable, and successful. The company has plan for every farmers when they are applying to this project. The plan consists of 2 courses, basic course and intensive course. The basic course will teach people around 5-7 days how to farm the land in the right and useful way. After people have learn this course, the company will let each farmers learn to farm your land by yourselves about 1 year, and if any farmers did a really good result, the company will apply that farmer to the next level.
The next course is the intensive course. For this course, farmers will come to stay in rice developing company which has 24 places all over country for 4 months. During this course, farmers will be taken care by the researchers. They will learn how to grow rice, how to apply for rice market, and also how to be the leader of the village, as a result they can give help to other farmers improving the standard of their both life and farm. This intensive course will make farmers becoming the professional farmers. (I)
Not only creating the generation of farmers for the future, but there also is the project for the old-aged farmers. This project will help many farmers who no longer work for their land by giving the pension for them showing that although you are farmer, but you can get the stability for the rest of your life as same as other careers
The second problem of farmers themselves are lacking of knowledge for improving their land. Thai farmers basically cultivated rice on the fragmented fields. The average number of parcels per farm household in our study villaes was 3.15 in Phatthalung, 1.77 in Suphan Buri, the total number of plots was much larger than the number of parcels. (86) Besides, many farmers also lack of using fertilizers and ability to use the most efficient of land following the “sufficient economy” plan of the king of Thailand.
Yet, after our group had talked to the leader of rice association company, we have found that our information that we have researched were wrong because the farmers never lack of ability about farming, every farmers who have experience for many years always have their own instinct to farm their land, and the reason why they are lack of using both fertilizers and efficient of land is because of unnecessary. (I)
Mr. Thassana Lapruay had explained to us that farmers live in two kind of area in Thailand, which are rainforest and irrigated area. Farmers who live in rainforest area usually live in a simple way of life. They can rely on the sufficient economy since they do not need to produce a large number of products, they grow rice and plants just only raise their family. Thus, it is unnecessary for them to learn how to use the fertilizers. (I)
Unlike the farmers in rainforest area, many farmers in irrigated area need a large amount of products as they farm to export rice for money. Therefore, it is important to learn how to farm and use the fertilizers to their products since these farmers want the profit from them. Moreover, by reason of wanting a high profit, this leads farmers to not use the natural way as the sufficient economy, or the natural fertilizers. (I)
The last problem of farmers themselves goes to the lack of education. From the survey of farmers in Thailand found that most of them are illiterate (S). It makes many farmers are taken advantages by many people. For example, many farmers can be cheated about the rice of cost from middleman, and even though they automatically know that they are cheated, they can do nothing since they do not know how to prove it, and that is the problems that we can not find the best solution. (S)
Furthermore, lacking of education also make many farmers lack of management about their land. Most of farmers do not know how to organize their farm so well so that they became debt from borrowing money to buy some technology and equipment almost 25000-50000 bath per year (S) to improve their land, and finally, when they cannot pay back their debt, they can lose their home.
The solution about lacking education still cannot solve. Even though education is one of the most important thing for people’ life nowadays, but it still not popular among many farmers since they give attention to agriculture more. Thus, persuading farmers to go to school and realizing the important of education is the number one problem for farmers in Thailand.
Panya
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
3. Problems: Government Organization
Thailand has a weak about rice policy and strategy because of weak administration and organization (41-2). The production process is unorganized because the government doesn’t have their own granaries. The government has to rent from private company. It is longed until this program started. For example, “the government is buying paddy from farmers at 12,000 baht per tone.” (US$ 630 per tone free on board) Because the farmer doesn’t have large granaries for holding rice, farmers have to sell rice as soon as they finished harvest to get money. So the government will hold stock until they sell at high prices. Since the government start the program at 4.5 million tones, from May and November s 23.8 million tones last year. (49-B2) Government also abandon farmers not only allowing land to be taken out of production but are also abandoning subsides without which many farmers are condemned to an existence of poverty and are more exposed to the vagaries of weather-related disasters. (71-2) According to the survey, 88% of farmers said that they don’t get enough help from the government. About 40% farmers need the government to intervene their rice production. About 52% have low income 25000-50000 per year. 78% own land, but they don’t have enough income. As I interview farmers, who are having debt problems, there are only certain farmers can borrow the money from the village budget in order to plant rice while 52% farmers don’t borrow. One more thing is that as I observe the rice cultivation, the rice land is in a small group, not a big whole land. Each land belongs to particular person, but by a big company. So when they harvest their rice, they immediately have to send their rice either to government granaries or the middle man. (S) KNFA (Korea Natural Farming Association) has been cooperated with Thailand. Small farmers expect that in the future TNFK (Thai natural farming network) will follow the concept and practice as KNFA. (73-2)
a). The government is lack of water supply due to bad organization. “Rice production must be viewed in the light of the emerging water crisis, as climate-change-induced shifts in rainfall patterns combine with the diversion of irrigation water for urban and industrial uses.”(92-2) “Irrigation conditions and rice technology in Thailand show considerable regional variations due to marked differences in climatic, historical and socioeconomic conditions.” (86-181)
b). Government doesn’t prepare for the unexpected event. Suraphong Pransilapa, Rice department chief, said “Field trials of the new rice have just been completed. “The upgraded variety can withstand up to 20 days of submergence of paddy fields to floods and save ‘farmers from losing the crop.” (96-1) The queen concern about the country could face a shortage of rice skyrocketing prices have encouraged traders to substantially increase their export volume, the field have been ravaged by pests causing the farmer’ financial problems, and also the shortage of water. (70)
c). The government doesn’t regulate the economy that made prices to high. “In fact, the marketing of rice in Thailand, whether efficient or not, has been managed exclusively by private traders who did not behave as representative of farmers.”(86-71) The government aims to cut huge rice stockpile of 5 million tones are about to be cut by Thai government in order to reduce supply, support domestic price and increase exports as many as 100 countries (93-3). The Rice exporters supported the government promoting new kind of rice and must verify the quality to maintain the international image of export products (93-7) The government has obstacle to deal with the falling price of commodity which need to be solved by alleviating its effects in the indigenous market (93-2)
Solution.
“The promotion of agricultural cooperatives is recommended as a useful strategy to assure the future of Thai export-oriented rice farming” but this promotion “should be undertaken through non-price measures”. Still, this promotion has some disadvantages like “agricultural cooperatives might lose their proper significance or characteristic as farmers’ self-help organizations and become no more than the smallest unit of government administration” (86-81). While the government mortgage the rice from farmers, Thai Rice Exporters Association president Chookiot Opaswongse informed that in order to decreased stock substance, government has to release of rice. (93-1) Both of government, the former and new of Aphisit Vejjajiva have approve a combined budget of 120 billion for a supply program. (93-5) Sangsit, Agriculture Development, has a plan to help farmers in debts. First, stop accuse farmer NPL 60,000depts. Purpose 480 million baths to reserve the land for farmers that NPL will extend not further 5 years. Second we should send the executive and representative from Treasure Ministry to talk with farmer’s leader for fixing the debt. The result is that the government will save the land for farmers not to sell to the market so that the farmer can continue occupation. When the farmers gain profit, they can return money back to ธ.กส. (58-6).
During the reign of the government Samak, he said that “eat less rice, so we can export more”. The former Prime Minister Samak Sundrarvej suggested in the Thais Nationwide that Thai farmers are able to trade their rice stocks at the double price to export in order to make more income (27-1) At the same time, Thailand Rice Exporters Association said that the auction would be bad for exports because it floods the world market just as cheaper rice from other producers becomes available. (94-1)
To help farmers get more money, 1) to increase farmer is the heart of employment will affect the cost to high. 2) To grow rice according to what the market needed, farmers should plant rice that will be more profitable, which made the variety of rice disappear (83-6-9). “Thailand’s three implicit policies for agriculture of: maintaining low domestic prices for consumers, minimizing large fluctuations in domestic rice prices, contributing significantly to government income. The last separates Thailand from food deficit nations” (6-167) According to the survey analysis, farmers want the government to help in production, lower the prices of fertilizer so it can lower the production, and expand the mortgage rice even more.
The government should help the farmer to produce good rice species in order to produce more with high quality and less investment. Make the farmer organization so that they can learn how to produce the best quality of rice by themselves. The government will establish these organizations in different districts in the centre of growing rice in Thailand. First, 20 farmers will be trained to grow the best quality of rice in 200 Rai. The government will provide good rice species for free for 3 tones. This is the first year, then the second year the government will give those species for free, but in the third year the farmer gain enough profit so they can organize their village budget their own. Next time, the farmer has to buy good rice species from the government. (I)
To mortgage rice, it helps farmers to gain more profit than selling to the middle man. The government no needs to build a big rice mill in every rice district because that is going to invest a lot of money. The solution is that the government can rent the rice mill and mortgage the rice from farmers. Three months rice will be 30 million tones so the farmer will get high benefit from this. (I)
Most farmers in Thailand are 50 above. We afraid that if the farmer from this generation died out, there won’t be the next generation. The government’s job is to make a new farmer generation and give them more facility like many bureaucrats. We will tell them how much privilege this job is to Thailand an they should be proud of doing it. (I)
Korn
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
4. Problems: Technology and Invention
a) Not enough scientific research for advancing the product.
The majority of Thai farmers have insufficient education, thus the chance in accessing new information, findings and technology sources is rather low. This lack of knowledge on modern technology and economy is the main cause of poverty. (43-4) Even though, there is a NSTDA is The National Science and Technology Development, work of Thai researchers who have adapted the modern technology and expertise into the traditional intellect for benefits of the Thai rice making rice more quality acceptable to worldwide. (72) However, It will take times for the scientists to “discover new knowledge” like the rice science to the farmers. Still, “rice science is a good investment that pays good dividends”. Moreover, the rice science can help in providing food, “enhance the lives of the poor, and maintain the harvest for the generation to come”. (7-26)
Every scientist think that “The challenge is how scientific knowledge can be shared and exchanged with the more than 150 million farmers in Asia so they can decide how to improve the management of their resources”. (7-25-1) For example; “Apichart Vanavichit, director of the state-run Rice Gene Discovery Unit, said the research team first examined the weakness of jasmine rice in the northeast, but can’t tolerate flooding at critical times of the year”. (96-2) Conversely, when Thai princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn funded the researches to experiment on the rice to become flood-resistant. As a result, the team found the genes in Indian rice and they implanted into jasmine rice. “The stem of the jasmine rice became stronger, and better able to resist flooding, Apichart said”. (96-3)
Anyhow, we have found that DNA technology process able us to classify the rice variety into the high amylose group, the medium amylose group, and the low amylose group making us more comfortable to select the exact rice variety with required amylose contents suitable for each product. (67) We have Spy technology for farming, which are
- UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle): observe the improvement of rice
- Night Vision
- Robot farming: who can kill the pests
- Remote sensing
- GPS (68)
We also have found that Technology helping Thai Agriculture become version 2.0, which have;
- GPS: Global Positioning System
- GIS: Geographic Information System
- Remote Sensing
- Proximal Sensing
- Variable Rate Technology (VRT)
- Crop Models and Decision Support System (DSS)
All in all, “if rice science succeeds in developing appropriate technologies, the rainfed ecosystem could be the major contributor to future growth in rice production”. (7-17) To illustrate, Hybrid is one way of developing rice cultivation as it can “provide an incentive for the private sector to develop new varieties and provide high quality seed to farmers”. Also, it can raise “the yield frontier”. (7-21-1) Also, “New Plant Types” is another way to “raise the yield frontier” which is introduced by IRRI scientists who build the new strong plant by finding new parents for providing a great number of seeds “in each rice panicle”. (7-21-3)
b) The tools for farming lack of efficient
In the past, Thai farmers used their folk wisdom to farm, for example; using buffaloes to plow. (62) The old way of farming can help reducing the cost of production more than 150,000 tons per year as it uses cows and buffaloes to plow, also uses the organic fertilizer to grow rice. (64) Traditional way of farming like animal plowing indirect seeding, seedling extraction and organic fertilizer maintenance can help farmers reducing their expenses also increasing their income in oil crisis era. (65) It is interested by foreigners as the farmers have used buffaloes instead of engines which can help to decrease the Global Warming also can give the unpolluted products. (63) Moreover, water buffaloes are making a comeback in Thailand because of high fuel prices today. So, more and more Thai farmers are putting their modern machinery aside to go back to the traditional way of farming such as using water buffaloes. (66-1) Using traditional way as water buffaloes even though they are cheap but they have many problems as well such as difficult to control than tractors, and out of practice. (66-2) Also, farmers in Northeastern Thailand discover a “weed-control method” from their animals. (89-1) Also “Rice cutting can help increase the productivity of rained rice in northeastern Thailand and importantly, can be integrated into the existing rice production system”. (89-2)
By using the traditional way of farming, it can also give the disadvantages to Thai farmers as well. As for Ayutthaya, the farmers here are also practicing the “old traditional and unchanged” way of farming due to the uncontrolled nature. “This raises the issue of relationship between nature and farming”. Moreover, they also have “accepted, utilized, and adapted” to the “uncontrolled natural conditions”, “and have found and formed a stabilized farming system through long experience” but the productivities are still low. (86-27)
According to the observation in Ayutthaya, it can be found that “the traditional practice was based on rationality cultivated under the severe natural and environmental conditions, and rice farming was characterized by stability even though the level of yield was rather low”. (86-44)
The regular way of farming is ploughing, which makes the soil productivity. It is used to be taught 25 years before and now we all use it over the world. But by over farming (intensive) “farmers over-ploughed, over-fertized, over-irrigated, over-applied pesticides” would destroy the land especially the natural resources. Thus, it brings the productivity down. (29-3)
All in all, it is good to go back to traditional way of farming like using buffaloes. Even though it could produce small product, it will keep increasing later. (83-18) Also, Farmers who are in the irrigable area cannot use buffaloes to plow the field because the buffaloes will decrease the time of production. (I)
For Thai farmers, they have to select of quality of rice by their own self. But since 1950, Thailand turn to use the new technology call breeding program that make the rice become more quality. (2-12) However, Farmer’s 85% in Thailand who increased their production with the high technology and also high in put in chemical fertilizers become big problem nowadays because these method will make them poor and debted. This call inordernization but not civilization. (73-1) For example; “Running out of steam” becomes the main technical problem in “irrigated rice cultivation” which effects “the growth of rice production” to be slowly. (7-16)
b). Solutions
“Agricultural cooperatives” should involve in some activities such as
- Focusing more on rural area by promoting of the investments for “infrastructure such as road, construction, irrigation, storage, and processing facilities, etc.”
- Accelerating the farm input production such as “fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural machines, etc. to be supplied exclusively through cooperatives in order to increase the profitability of farm management”.
- Introducing the “new technology and implementation of education and extension activities for farmers”.
- Encouraging the “provision of political merits for farmers to join agricultural cooperatives” which can increase the member.
- Promoting the “cooperative marketing for farm products and input”.
- “Providing educational or training services to staff”. (86-81-82)
Moreover, “the exchange of information and knowledge between scientists and farmers has the potential to double yield. Such studies are being conducted in many other countries and the experience will be shared to identify new ways to exchange information in modern agriculture”. (7-25-1)
Suri
Section 3
Phantastic Phive
6. Problems: Exploitation from National and International Prices
a). Pressing down the rice prices.
Middleman plays an important role in Thai trade business undeniably. Some middle men are tricky, during the measuring they would give farmers unfair measurement. But , now, government comes in to help farmers by ___ There are both sides to this, the good thing is farmers can sell their rice at higher rate, in contrast, government can offer the in a limited area, so it is inconvenient for them to bring the rice all the way to the spot. (I)
In the 1970s and the early 1980s, Thailand got a high economic profit from agriculture. Besides the Thai farmers who were able to make the plentiful amount of agricultural products, the vast areas to do plantation were the major factor to the economic growth. (40)
As a result of increasing rice farming, even though the farmers can get higher paid which can make the price of rice higher but it also decreases the number of laborers, “profits and farmer’s incomes”. (7-14) As Thai rice price increased last year, farmers have to guard their fields. Takhami, a farmer in Central Thailand, said he understands why people steal them and said “Rice is life”, but he had to be alert all the time for the dog bark and strange sound. “Poor farmers in Thailand say they are not benefiting from the record high pries”. Most of them sell their rice after the harvest. (41)
Problem of Thai farmers now is 6 months ago, Thai rice can make money one thousand dollars a ton, so 80% of farmers borrow money to pay rent for their land, buy fertilizer, fuel and tools. Now the rice price is falling and that make farmer become in debt. (79) “It’s strange how the government always tries to control consumer prices but never tries to control agricultural costs. They led the fertilizer manufacturers increase prices whenever they want” Charin Duangdara, adviser to the Indebted Farmers’ Network. (81) “Generally speaking, rice farmers are forced to absorb the damage from price depression”. (86-81) “Farmers were being forced to produce more rice and bargain it away in order to avoid become depression and faced the danger of slipping into a vicious circle of over supply and income depression”. (86-59)
The merchant said that pledging rice for 13,000/tons is too expensive and the price is too much to compete with Vietnam such as White Rice is 13,000/tons, which is too expensive than ever. If the weather is cold, the production will decrease that means the income will decrease this year, raising rice is decrease 30%. As a result, it will be Thai Rice with 620-630 dollars/tons and Vietnam Rice with 410 dollars/tons. (48-B3)
b). Foreigners control the rice prices
“Thailand is competing keenly with competitors in the world’s low quality rice market, facing stiff competition from producers in Vietnam and India who enjoy lower production costs”. If Thai rice is going to play this game, we will lose. Thailand gets the global market for 25%. (35) “O TO KO” is marketing system in Thailand in last few years make comfortable for both buyers and sellers, popular in center of Thailand, rare in North and nonsexist in South. (44-1) Moreover, the Marketing Organization of Farmers (MOF) has provided more than one-third of fertilizers of the overall farmer’s use since 1977. This organization exchanges crop produce with low prices of fertilizers. (6-297)
The fluctuation of the rice prices in the international market is also a problem. Sometimes an exporter has to buy rice prices and sell at low prices, ending up with an unavoidable loss. This situation, at the end, affects the farmer’s income since the farm-gate price is lowered. (43-3) “The tightness in the world market” increases the price of rice which enhances the farmers to make rice production higher “by investing in irrigation and adopting high-yielding varieties”. (7-18) As “The recent rise and fall in rice pries reaffirms the high degree of price volatility arising out of historic low levels of global rice stocks”. (91-2) It makes “The World Bank estimates 33 countries face potential social unrest because of rising food and energy prices”.(98-3)
c). Export
“Rice farming in Thailand has been facing the serious problem of decreasing farmers’ price due to the depression in export price. On the farmers’ side, this problem is the more serious since their power is extremely limited not only on the international market but also on the domestic market”. (86-71) Also, “Thailand, with a share of more than 36% of the world rice market, is the largest rice exporting country in the contemporary world”. So, it means that “rice is not only the main crop from which Thai farmers gain their income but it is also one of the most important export commodities”. As a result, “Rice farming in the Kingdom is characterized as an export-oriented agriculture” also “has been fulfilling a comprehensive role in economic development”. (86-59)
Before the Second World War, Thailand exported the rice to Hong Kong, Singapore, and British Colonies, but after the Second World War, government undertook the export of rice and has an agreement to the United Kingdom and the United States of America that Thailand will deliver rice at the modest price. (2-227)
After the Second World War, only surplus rice was exported. And the rice exports were affected by the war as the number of the exports weren’t steady like before. (13-314) At present, “Thailand’s rice export dropped 41% in January from a year earlier because demand is weak and government buying scheme has largely priced Thai rice out of the market, said the Thai Rice Exporters Association.
This January – 433,773 tons of rice
Last January – 738,890 tons of rice
We lost Vietnam because they sell cheaper as we sell “$100 expensive than Vietnam”. (49-B2)
The only problem that all Asians have to face these days is rice is not adequate for the “ballooning population”. (7-6) Because of increasing population, Thailand faces the problem that the country will lack of rice export. (2-11) Even if the rate of rice exporting had been increased but the “actual export value was decreasing due to “the stagnation of the international market price”. As a result, rice farmers “were facing a serious situation in the deterioration of the profitability of rice farming due to the decline of farm gate price influenced by the decrease in the export price”. (86-59)
d). Solutions
Government should ensure certain factors, which are
- Communicating with agriculturalists and requesting quick rice production, then prepare land for rice production.
- Government should provide low priced seed and fetilizer to agriculturalists.
Guarantee unmilled rice prices.
- Government rice stocks should be released for sale on both domestic and international markets. (98-1)
Also, the government should not release its rice stockpiles and damage the market price, so Thailand would have more change to export and sell rice from stockpiles to other countries. (76) Because “Rice production continues to be important in the Thai economy. Special policies and measures for rice production are necessary for solving domestic problems and for viability in the competitive world market”. (86-57) Moreover, “The government supported price, designed to maintain and guarantee the price of rice marketed by farmers appears not to have succeeded in supporting gate price influenced by depression in the export price” for controlling “any increases in the farm gate price”. (86-62)
All in all, “In the Sixth Development Plan (1987-1991), agricultural development policies have been stressed in order to improve agricultural trade, increase farm income, reduce rural unemployment and support more private investment in agricultural industries”.
“To Promote the Production of Import-substitution Commodities”
“To Promote the Production of Commodities with Potential for Export”. It can help increasing the products for being to be needed of the market.
“To Promote the Production of Agro-Industrial Products”. “The promotion of these products will not only generate new opportunities for rural employment but also enhance value - added to the products and raise farmers’ income as well”. (86-53)
6. America Rice Compare to Thai Rice
Molly Johnson, director of Retail Trade and Special Promotions at the USA Rice Federation, states that they aim to place more emphasis on “U.S.-grown rice” and remember that U.S. rice industry helps a lot in American economy (55-1). More than 80% of rice supply in America comes from U.S. rice farmers. Johnson confirms that the export market is still powerful, by the prediction the U.S. rice exports this year will increase 23% from the previous years. He adds that “The United States remains one of the few reliable, stable sources for high-quality rice” (55-2). Steven Jones, Rice Producers of California, says that the number of crop exported shows that California farmers are doing good job. They produced a huge amount of crop in 2004, according to the numbers, he says that the farmers could “easily move the entire crop.” But the problem is price of rice isn’t very profitable. And rice farmers aren’t the ones who can negotiate the price (53).
UK-base Westbridge Foods Group said that there will be slow growth of food export about 5-10% this year, which 12-15% less year.
Why?
- Because of global economy recession
- The stronger Thai currency (57-B3).
Provided with the vast area and spread cities the USA and Canada have a dissimilar sort of agriculture than Europe. Livestock plays a big part to increase the value of crops to be shipped and sold in the city where they can sell the product for a more expensive price (61-3). Six of the most rice producer states are Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri and Texas. These states can produce the rice for the whole world. U.S. Rice is variety that able to produce any kind of rice – ‘long-medium-and short grain’ (83).
Effects of high rice production in (the) U.S.
- It creates many rice industry that could give people jobs,
- ‘The U.S. rice industry produces more than 2 million acres each year, approximately 50% of which supplies the domestic maker’.
- ‘Rice growing could give many animal place to live, and some of them can be threaten’ (83).
· U.S. Rice Economy and Trade
- Rice in America, in farming level made more than 1.5 billion revenues
The production produces mainly in six states, which is in the small area of those states, which could employ thousand employee
- It is replaced that 8,046 farms produce rice
- Rice could harvest 399 acres (160 hectares) while corn harvest corn acres (84-1).
The U.S.A Rice Federation
- The goal is to protect the right of ‘producers, millers, and merchant and allied business’. Four rice organizations are the members of the USA Rice Federation. Each one has different duty, and USA Rice Federation makes sure they are united
- USA Rice Producers Group
- USA Rice Miller’ Association
- USA Rice Merchant’ Association
- USA Rice Council (84-2).
- “We don’t want to create a panic where we don’t think there is a panic, because if we weren’t able to get any more rice or more flour, that would be a different story. But we are able be replenish our supplies, Costcopresident and CEO Jim Sinegal said”. (97-1)
Farmers face two financial problems which are firstly, they can’t borrow “money with breeding females for security, because three to five years must elapse before the increase will be marketable”. Secondly, “the most farmers in 1916 were tenants rather than owners”.
- Rice in 19C was being planted in Southern Seaboard States especially in Texas and Louisiana.
- U.S. imported rice aboard from the Best to experiment rice land in U.S. – under it Department of Agriculture.
- U.S. prepare irrigation and canal for water the rice
-Windmill to keep the rice so they can control the rice process their own, not government. Capitalist.
- Louisiana and Texas produced over 300,000,000 pounds between them. (45)
- The U.S. Rice Producers Association (USRPA) looked back in 1998 to see how rice was promoted during the time when the foreign market of rice industry was significant. They found out that they didn’t concern about the main consumer group which was the poor. So now, these people are encouraged to know that eating rice will benefit them in economy and nutrition. (50)
Korn W
Korn W
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
I think we can get a better grade coz the the first draft is just 20%, i expect everyone to get B+ at least.
Suri Thongtan
Those of us who haven't got the individual first draft extra week had
better start doing it now. We also have to prepare for the second
draft which may come soon.
Can we have some rain tonight!
Korn W
panya visetkaew
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
Hello guys, Have fun with Songran festival although it is raining.
Suri Thongtan
Songkran is coming in a week, so this week we still have some free
time to work on the paper.
Anyway, have some rest and enjoy the raindrops!
Korn W
ploygust pp
yeh, i've been fixing some of your papers, just try to arrange paragraphs please check mai and korn papers, i have a little suggestions
- NO - I OUR WE....
- if you use info from notecards,put some idea or transition sentence to link with each sentence. Mai's one is good transtition, i agree with him.
- Write intro of your topic first, then follow by your reason paragraph, solution or summary respectively.
Suri Thongtan
Yes, we need to have a meeting on Tuesday.
There'll be some parts that we should cut out, and, also find some
more information on U.S. issue.
Let's finish our work before Songkran Day(hopefully)!
Korn W
Korn W
Juii
From W.C.D.I Captain and all members
Suri Thongtan
How are we doing in the final draft?
I know some of us finish their parts.
Hopefully we can get it done before Tuesday.
ploygust pp
panya visetkaew
Many people are consuming rice about one-third of the world population. It is increasing global demand about five million tons each year. As a result, the world has to produce rice in 10 years for 50 million tones (110). As the world population is increasing, at the same the higher food (rice) demand is increasing as well. Nowadays, people try to produce abundant of food with less time, less resources, and less manual labor in order to feed the world population. In fact,Thailand is one of the major rice producers in the South East Asia, but still face many problems especially farmers in poverty, and the line of post-production process is inefficient.
I. Rice post-production process
1. Problems
A. The system of post-production is inefficient therefore it creates many problems
B. The system is fragmented so the middlemen could exploit farmers
2. Solutions
A. The government pawn system helps farmer to get higher profits
B. Thailand should follow American for both rice production and post-production process if there is anything to improve Thai rice system without diminishing Thai culture
Suri Thongtan
I think it's a good introduction, Panya. Maybe we should add some more
information in the thesis sentence?
Yeah, we need to talk about this before the meeting.
panya visetkaew
These sources I miss out that I don’t have
(49-B2)
(29-3)
Bradsher, Keith. “Bigger Demand” The Rice Crisis: How Australia’s drought is contributing to a rice shortage around the world (August 2008): 2. Thai rice Foundation under Royal Patronage. 19 April 2009 <http://www.thairice.org/html/article/pdf_files/ReadersDigest_Aug2008.pdf>
Thepent, Viboon. “Irrigation & Drainage System” Country Report: Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Situation in Thailand (unknown): 3. Department of Agriculture. 19 April 2009
<http://www.unapcaem.org/Activities%20Files/A21/Thailand.pdf>
Rice exporter Association
“Thai Rice Foundation under Royal Patronage” “Rice Commercial” Know about Rice (unknown): 19 April 2009
< http://www.thairice.org/html/aboutrice/about_rice8_2.html>
(Taken from สมาคมผู้ส่งออกข้าวต่างประเทศ)
Lapruay, Thassana. Group interview. By Panya Visetkaew, and others. March 7
panya visetkaew
Hey everyone, put your work cite in this group so we can arrange them better
panya visetkaew
These sources I miss out that I don’t have
(49-B2)
(29-3)
Bradsher, Keith. “Bigger Demand” The Rice Crisis: How Australia’s drought is contributing to a rice shortage around the world (August 2008): 2. Thai rice Foundation under Royal Patronage. 19 April 2009 <http://www.thairice.org/html/article/pdf_files/ReadersDigest_Aug2008.pdf>
(111)
Thepent, Viboon. “Irrigation & Drainage System” Country Report: Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization Situation in Thailand (unknown): 3. Department of Agriculture. 19 April 2009
<http://www.unapcaem.org/Activities%20Files/A21/Thailand.pdf>
(112)
Rice exporter Association
“Thai Rice Foundation under Royal Patronage” “Rice Commercial” Know about Rice (unknown): 19 April 2009
< http://www.thairice.org/html/aboutrice/about_rice8_2.html>
(Taken from สมาคมผู้ส่งออกข้าวต่างประเทศ)
Lapruay, Thassana. Group interview. By Panya Visetkaew, and others. March 7
(113)
JongKit, Boonhong
Rice and Technology Production
Thailand; Thammasat University, 2006
Korn W
i just sent u an email!!!!!
pls. check it out!!!
and pls. add the website for me also!!!!
muanfun tangpinijkarn
<http://www.oryza.com/Asia-pacific/>.
Thailand’s National Science and Technology Development Agency. “Science and Technology with Thai Rice”. 16 February 2009
“The Future Of Thai Rice : Problem In Rice Production”. 9 February 2009
http://www.thairice.org/eng/aboutrice/
The Asia Rice Foundation. ASIAN MEDIA AND RICE. Bangkok : The Asian Rice Foundation, 2000.
Suri Thongtan
Suri Thongtan
panya visetkaew
In this commercial and competitive world, Thai farmer are growing rice for business purposes. Thai farmers have primary goal to increase rice production to compete with the rice market. Because of this, Thai famers have shifted from the traditional way they are growing rice. From the way that farmers live with nature to the way farmer exploit nature by using chemical abundantly.
muanfun tangpinijkarn
Suri Thongtan
muanfun tangpinijkarn
muanfun tangpinijkarn
panya visetkaew
ploygust pp
10 Aug 2007
26 March 2009
ploygust pp
Again, people, plz check our final doc, i combined our works la, but it need to be rechecked and edited cuz some sources are not filled work cited. Maii please recheck work cited for me and others as well, im not sure about this.