A megastructure is a very large artificial object, although the limits of precisely how large vary considerably. Some apply the term to any especially large or tall building.[1][2] Some sources define a megastructure as an enormous self-supporting artificial construct. The products of megascale engineering or astroengineering are megastructures.
Most megastructure designs could not be constructed with today's level of industrial technology. This makes their design examples of speculative (or exploratory) engineering. Those that could be constructed easily qualify as megaprojects.
Megastructures are also an architectural concept popularized in the 1960s where a city could be encased in a single building, or a relatively small number of buildings interconnected. Such arcology concepts are popular in science fiction. Megastructures often play a part in the plot or setting of science fiction movies and books, such as Rendezvous with Rama by Arthur C. Clarke.
In 1968, Ralph Wilcoxen defined a megastructure as any structural framework into which rooms, houses, or other small buildings can later be installed, uninstalled, and replaced; and which is capable of "unlimited" extension. This type of framework allows the structure to adapt to the individual wishes of its residents, even as those wishes change with time.[3]
Other sources define a megastructure as "any development in which residential densities are able to support services and facilities essential for the development to become a self-contained community".[4]
Many architects have designed such megastructures. Some of the more notable such architects and architectural groups include the Metabolist Movement, Archigram, Cedric Price, Frei Otto, Constant Nieuwenhuys, Yona Friedman, and Buckminster Fuller.[5]
Networks of roads or railways, and collections of buildings (cities and associated suburbs), are usually not considered megastructures, despite frequently qualifying based on size. However, an ecumenopolis might qualify.
Most stellar scale megastructure proposals are designs to make use of the energy from a sun-like star while possibly still providing gravity or other attributes that would make it attractive for an advanced civilization.
Unicron is the eternal arch-enemy of his twin brother Primus. Also known as the Lord of Chaos, the Chaos Bringer, and the Planet Eater, he is dedicated to consuming the multiverse. His massive form is powered by the consumption of planets, moons, stars, and even the very fabric of existence. Unicron will not be sated until his ultimate goal is attained: to bring an end to the annoying creation boasting independence around him, and find peace by becoming the living center of a swirling, infinite torrent of nothingness at the end of all things.
To undertake this seemingly overwhelming task, Unicron is able to travel across realities at will, a meandering plague upon existence itself.[1][2] Integrated into his systems are incomprehensible quantum computers which calculate probabilities forward and backwards in time, in perpetuity, giving his processors an ever changing, evolving map of the multiverse.[3] With these abilities at his disposal, Unicron has thus far devoured approximately 22.56% of known universes. Seen at a detached distance from the multiverse, this collective "Unicron Phenomenon" acts with the characteristics of a virus or plague seeping through reality, succeeding where it can, retreating when it cannot.[4] Various permutations of Unicron can spawn into existence outside the trappings of the larger entity, hailing from a more mundane origin but possessing the same consumptive traits.[5] For much of multiversal history, the singularity Unicron threatened all of existence, but now, that is no longer the case, and versions of Unicron are now restricted to their own dimensions.
Frequently, Unicron will make deals with lesser beings, promising them vast new powers in exchange for their servitude. These minions are sometimes stripped entirely of free will, but many others follow willingly. Service to Unicron, however, is a double-edged sword, for it causes insanity and loss of self. And in the end, Unicron's plans ultimately call for their consumption as well.
Unicron debuted as the central antagonist of 1986's The Transformers: The Movie, which established him as a monstrously powerful being seemingly only vulnerable to the supernatural energies contained within the Autobot Matrix of Leadership. The Movie presented Unicron as more of an abstract obstacle than a full-fledged character: it didn't explain what Unicron was, nor where he came from, or any specific reasoning for why Unicron specifically targeted Cybertron. Subsequent episodes of The Transformers cartoon, set in the same continuity as The Movie, were the first works of Transformers media to fill in these details and craft the first of Unicron's many origin stories: as related in the third season episode "Call of the Primitives", the cartoon's Unicron was created by an alien scientist known as Primacron, but Unicron rebelled against his creator and set out into space alone.
That same year, Unicron starred as the final boss of the Transformers: Armada franchise. While the Armada cartoon episode "Origin" put a cerebral spin on Unicron's villainy by revealing that he'd deliberately created the Mini-Cons as a way to agitate the ongoing Cybertronian civil war, the Dreamwave comic took inspiration from Universe in its depiction of Unicron as an interdimensional threat, systematically devouring his way across realities before moving on to his next target. Around this time, a set of Armada trading cards released by Fleer nailed down the first "modern" interpretation of the Primus/Unicron mythos: in this telling, the two were brothers who'd been created by an extradimensional entity named the "Allspark" at the dawn of time to explore the universe. This was subsequently expanded on and combined with aspects of the various Marvel Comics stories in Transformers: The Ultimate Guide, written by Simon Furman, who had written all three prior tellings in the first place. Here, the entity Fleer had called the "Allspark" was redubbed "The One", and the modern iteration of the myth detailed above was firmly established, and went on to form the backbone of most subsequent fiction. Unicron played a significant role in Armada's direct sequel, Energon; that franchise ended with Unicron's remains collapsing into a massive black hole, and this "Unicron Singularity" became the primary threat in Cybertron. As a result of his prominence in all three franchises, these are often referred to as the "Unicron Trilogy". In the pages of The Ultimate Guide, Furman also established that the original Thirteen Transformers had been created specifically to battle Unicron at the dawn of time, and this detail would become a staple of the Primus/Unicron origin myth.
Since time immemorial, the Thirteen, children of Primus, fought Unicron. Prima, leader of the Thirteen, wielded the mighty Star Saber in the Thirteen's conflicts with Unicron. Ask Vector Prime, 18/05/2015 Solus Prime forged the Terminus Blade for herself and her brethren to cross dimensions in their campaign against the primordial entity. Out of the One, Many
As guardian of time and space, Vector Prime's most frequent opponent was Unicron, though the Chaos-Bringer often seemed barely aware of Vector's existence. Ask Vector Prime, 31/05/2015 For various periods of time, Vector would follow Unicron and attempt to repair the damage to spacetime which Unicron's presence wrought. Vector Prime: In the Beginning
In the Primax universal cluster, Unicron had many incarnations, all often attacking Cybertron at some point and being destroyed by the Transformers that lived there. He also would repeatedly serve as a Faustian devil; making deals with lesser lifeforms in return for servitude. Among his most famous of those was Megatron, who would often be reformatted into the powerful Decepticon known as Galvatron.
The Unicron of Viron 704.08 Gamma began life as a tyrant and a conqueror on Planet X. Originally possessing a destroyer tank configuration, Unicron united his planet, and eventually he utilized a mystical Cyber Key to merge his consciousness with it. Unicron proceeded to begin to consume this reality before Omega Prime and Fortress Maximus stopped him.
Dimensional observer Vector Prime wasn't sure if it was merely trans-dimensional harmonic resonance which had caused Unicron's actions or if something greater was behind it all. Ask Vector Prime, 28/07/2015
In the Aurex universal cluster, Unicron often played a notable role in Cybertronian history. Often, his incarnations would attack Cybertron during the conflict for the Mini-Cons, be the subject of a revival campaign involving energon and the Terrorcons, and then be trapped in the Unicron Singularity.
The Transformers were unaware of Unicron's gradual approach during the climax of their civil war. Galvatron was defeated and imprisoned, and just when he had escaped, the Planet-Eater suddenly appeared over their planet. Only time would tell if the Transformers could possibly defeat him! Armada Volume 4
Apparently, they could, and years later Galvatron was reborn as Megatron deep inside the core of the defeated Unicron. Energon Volume 1 The threat of Unicron still loomed over the Transformers as they battled over Earth's Energon reserves. Energon Volume 2 Energon Volume 4
Optimus Prime found one lone survivor, Spinister, and begged him to tell him what was going on. Spinister told him that the "heart of darkness, the root of all evil" had ravaged their world. Worlds Collide, Part 2 of 4 Worlds Collide, Part 3 of 4 When Unicron loomed over them, Spinister surrendered himself to his fate. Spinister soon returned as an avatar for Unicron, who found this Optimus Prime's presence to be an "anomaly". Soon Jetfire managed to trace Optimus Prime to this dying universe and travel there to rescue him. Using the power of the Mini-Con Matrix, Prime and Jetfire were able to combine into Jet Optimus and fire a powerful shot into the heart of Unicron. Though they were too late to save this Cybertron, they could return home and prepare for Unicron's coming there. Worlds Collide, Part 4 of 4
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