HD Online Player (Exe Jpg File Binder 2 5)
Berry Spitsberg
Bad guys' Trojan horse ruses aren't limited to just playing gameswith names. Many attackers also combine their malicious code with an innocuousprogram to create a nice, cozy-looking package. By grafting together twoprograms, one malicious and one benign, an attacker can more easily trickunsuspecting users or administrators into running or ignoring the combinedresult. When unsuspecting victims receive the combined package and run it, themalicious executable embedded in the package will typically run first. Ofcourse, the vast majority of back-doors don't display anything on thescreen, so the victim will not see anything during this step, which usuallytakes less than a second. After the backdoor is firmly lodged on the victimmachine, the benign program runs. For example, an attacker might take the Tinibackdoor we briefly mentioned in Chapter 5 and combine it with InternetExplorer. Given Tini's small size, the resulting program would be only 3kilobytes larger than the original browser.
To marry two executables together, an attacker uses a wrapper tool. The computer underground uses several terms to refer to these tools, including wrappers, binders, packers, EXE binders, and EXE joiners. Figure 6.6 illustrates how an attacker uses a wrapper program. In essence, these wrappers allow an attacker to take any executable back-door program and combine it with any legitimate executable, creating a Trojan horse without writing a single line of new code! Even the most inexperienced attacker can easily create Trojan horses using this technique. This is the stuff script kiddie attackers fantasize about.
For an analogy of the operation of wrapper programs, consider the classicmovie The Fly. As you might recall, in that epic feature, a scientisttests his new teleporter invention to whisk himself across his laboratory at thespeed of light. Sadly, a simple housefly zooms into the teleporter pod just ashe initiates his first short journey. The machine cannot handle
two living beings in a pod, so it just combines the scientist and the fly attheir most fundamental level into one very ghastly mutant combination of thetwo. That's essentially what wrapper tools do: combine two or more separateprograms at a fundamental level into one package.
Some wrappers allow for combining two, six, nine, or even an arbitrary numberof programs together. Others allow for the addition of static files into themix. When the wrapper is run, it executes all included programs, and alsounloads the bundled static files into the attacker's chosen places on thefile system. With such capabilities, these wrappers are actually becoming thefunctional equivalent of souped-up install shields and SetUp programs.
For most of the popular wrapper tools available today, when a combinedpackage file is executed, the malicious program and benign program will eachshow up as separate running processes in Windows Task Manager or Fport output.The two programs only live together in the file on the hard drive. When a useris duped into running the package, the two wrapped programs become two separateprocesses. Therefore, to hide the malicious processes, attackers use wrapperstogether with the deceptive naming schemes we discussed in the last section.
Some wrappers go even further by encrypting the malicious code portion of theresulting package, so that antivirus programs on the target system have moredifficulty detecting the malicious program. Of course, to make the maliciousprogram run on its target, the wrapper must add a decryption routine to theresulting package. Antivirus programs therefore look for the decryption codeadded by these popular wrapping tools. Attackers raise the bar by morphing thedecryption code so that it dynamically alters itself to evade detection, usingpolymorphic coding techniques, as we discussed in Chapter 2.
The computer underground has released dozens of wrapper programs availablefor free download from the Internet. Table 6.4 shows some of the most popularand powerful wrapper programs available today. To analyze these and otherwrapper tools in more detail, you can check out ,a comprehensive Web site devoted to the fine art of wrappers. It'simportant to note that not all of these programs are inherently evil. They alsohave a variety of entirely legitimate uses for packaging and distributing usefulsoftware, not just Trojan horses.
This tool converts executable programs (in EXE format)into Visual Basic Scripts (VBSs or VB Scripts). By packing the EXE inside of aVB Script, the attacker might be able to transmit a Trojan horse through e-mailfiltering programs that block standard EXEs, but allow VB Scripts to passthrough.
This program bundles together an executable with all theDLLs required by that executable to run. With this combined package, themalicious software will be able to run on the target system even if somecritical DLLs are not installed there.
Using this tool, a developer can create standaloneprograms originally written in the Perl scripting language that do not require aPerl interpreter to run. Also, the original Perl code isn't included insidethe resulting executable, making reverse engineering the functionality of theexecutable code significantly more difficult than simply analyzing more easilyunderstood Perl scripts. This nifty tool is available for both Windows and UNIX,turning a Perl script into an executable binary program. Binary executables canbe created that will run on Windows or UNIX.
To defend your systems against attacks involving Trojan horses created withwrappers, antivirus tools are really your best bet. By detecting the maliciouscode wrapped into a combination package and preventing its installation,antivirus tools stop the vast majority of these problems. Following theantivirus recommendations we discussed in Chapter 2 goes a long way in dealingwith this problem.
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