A single-arm open-label pilot study of brief mindfulness meditation to control impulsivity in Parkinson's disease

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Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35385563/

PLoS One. 2022 Apr 6;17(4):e0266354. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266354. eCollection 2022.

A single-arm open-label pilot study of brief mindfulness meditation to control impulsivity in Parkinson's disease

Jinsoo Koh 1, Maiko Takahashi 1, Yasuhiko Ohmae 1, Junko Taruya 1, Mayumi Sakata 1, Masaaki Yasui 1, Masaki Terada 2, Hidefumi Ito 1

Affiliations

1 Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

2 Wakayama-Minami Radiology Clinic, Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

PMID: 35385563 PMCID: PMC8985985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266354

Free PMC article

Abstract

Background: Impulse control disorders are detrimental neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Increased impulsivity is a predisposing factor for impulse control disorders and should therefore be controlled. Recently, mindfulness meditation as a non-drug therapy has been reported to be useful in improving neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as impulsivity.

Methods: We performed a prospective single-arm, open-label pilot trial to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation to control impulsivity in patients with Parkinson's disease (UMIN clinical trials registry: UMIN000037779).

Results: Twenty patients with Parkinson's disease were enrolled in an 8-week mindfulness meditation program. As a primary outcome, we investigated whether the score of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was significantly reduced after the intervention. As an exploratory examination, functional connectivity changes were also assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. After the intervention, the BIS-11 score was decreased from 59.5 [55.6, 63.3] (mean [95% confidence interval]) to 55.2 [50.3, 60.1] (ΔBIS-11: -4.2, [-7.5, -0.9]). Functional connectivity was increased in the default mode network (DMN) at a cluster including the precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and left posterior lobe (false discovery rate-adjusted p [FDR-p] = 0.046) and in the right frontoparietal network (FPN) at the medial frontal lobe (FDR-p = 0.039).

Conclusions: This open-label, single-arm pilot study provided preliminary data for mindfulness meditation to control the impulsivity of patients with PD. A brief mindfulness meditation program may be effective in controlling impulsivity in PD and may change the functional connectivity of the DMN and right FPN.