A super stream is a logical entity that uses individual, regular streams for its partitions. It is defined with AMQP resources (an exchange and bindings to the stream-typed queues), but messages do not go through the exchange. The client library (using the stream protocol) gets to choose the partitions to publish messages to. The client library uses stream protocol commands to find out about the topology of the super stream to route messages accordingly. The topology is based on the AMQP resources mentioned above, but these are internal details.
A blog post covers this [1].
Super streams are useable only with the stream protocol, not with AMQP (only individual streams accessible through AMQP).