QLab can use anything that appears as a screen to OSX to output video, so for example, an external monitor you have connected to your laptop, or a projector, or indeed the internal screen of the laptop.
Similarly, any audio output device appears for audio output, so for example the headphone socket of your laptop, or an external USB or Firewire soundcard, each output of of which can be seen individually from QLab - for example the left and right headphone channels can be used as two separate mono channels of audio.
If you are controlling a lighting desk from QLab you would typically do this either through a MIDI connection from a soundcard or through an Ethernet connection.
All of these outputs can be ran off a single machine, or distributed amongst several machines with one master machine controlling - this is not automatic however and needs to be manually set up in QLab. There is no special hardware associated with QLab - standard video and audio output hardware works.
Thanks,
John