Sounds like you need a retina MacBook Pro. I’ve got one, and have connected it to 3 external displays, all running at 1080p, without using TripleHead2Go’s or anything. I haven’t actually used that in a show or anything – just while playing around to show off. ;)
The 2 thunderbolt ports on the left can have a Mini DisplayPort to VGA, DVI or HDMI adaptors, and there’s also the HDMI port on the right side of the Mac too. If you had a rMBP, you’d just need 2 regular cheap Mini DisplayPort adaptors and you’re all set.
I think I’ve heard the HDMI port is limited to 1080p resolution (but haven’t verified that – I only have 1080p screens around anyway), but the thunderbolt ports should support whatever your adaptors do.
When I was at WWDC, I had a brief chat to one of the Apple engineers about all this. The limit is the graphics card itself only supports up to 4 screens. These can be attached via any of the ports. Theoretically, you could daisy chain 4 thunderbolt displays (with the internal screen off), however the bandwidth of thunderbolt itself would stop you. (But you could have 2 chains of 2 displays off each port)
I haven’t tried it, but I’d bet if you wanted you could run 2x Mini DIsplayPort TripleHead2Go via the Thunderbolt ports, 1080p HDMI, and the internal retina screen, for a total of 8 screens! (that looks as 4 to the OS)
To answer the original question, no I haven’t yet seen any device that can split a thunderbolt port into 2 more, or multiple DVI/VGA outputs either.
Matrox’s thunderbolt dock has a DVI output, but only 1 thunderbolt port (in), while Belkin’s thunderbolt dock has 2 thunderbolt ports (in & out) but no DVI/VGA.
I also haven’t seen any Thunderbolt hubs (like a USB hub). The guy I chatted to at Apple said it would be possible, but all the manufacturers seem to be busy enough getting the first generation of devices that have a slightly wider appeal on the market first. (Belkin/Matrox releases aren’t till September still)