Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China / 《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
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Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition News and Article Release Issue Number: A1496-O351
中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A1496-O351
Release Date: August 6, 2022
发布日：2022年8月6日
Topic: Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
标题：《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
Note: Please use "Simplified Chinese (GB2312)" encoding to view the Chinese parts of this release. If this mail does not display properly in your email program, please send your request for special delivery to us or visit:
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2022/report2022-8/SymposiumMinutes220806ChineseMilitaryA1496-O351.htm which contains identical information.
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Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
On July 29-30, 2022, Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China, organized by the Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition and co-sponsored by the National Committee of the China Democracy Party, was held in Washington DC, the capital of the United States. Nearly 30 experts and scholars from the United States and China attended the symposium and shared many valuable opinions and suggestions on relevant topics. These opinions have been systematically summarized and consolidated. The basic tenets are hereby presented to those who care about democracy in China and are seeking further enrichment and improvements.
1. The future state of a democratic China shall be a presidential federal republic with a separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers. China is a large country with multiple ethnicities and great differences between regions and cultures. Neither encouraging independence of ethnic groups and regions nor implementing a centralized system will be beneficial to stability and development of the country and the society. The best choice is to adopt the model of the United States by implementing a federal system with provincial autonomy. This will maintain the unity of the country while allowing local governments to enjoy a high degree of autonomy.
2. The democratically elected president of a democratic China shall be the commander-in-chief of its armed forces. A Ministry of National Defense shall be the administrative organ and foreign liaison agency of the military. The nation's Congress shall establish a military committee, responsible for defense legislation, budgeting and disbursement of funds, and overseeing the building of the armed forces and military operations. An airborne force shall be under direct jurisdiction and command of the General Staff of the armed forces. Military intelligence agencies shall be established under the Ministry of National Defense and the Congress.
3. The fundamental objectives of democratic China's national defense shall be to safeguard the nation's sovereignty and territorial integrity, to repel foreign aggressions, and to ally with other democratic countries in maintaining world peace. The armed forces of democratic China shall be politically neutral and shall subordinate to the democratically elected national government. The military shall not be allowed to participate in politics. Military personnel may not join political parties.
4. The armed forces of democratic China shall consist of a combination of active-duty and reserve-duty troops, and a combination of conscripts and professional service-persons. The existing armed police force shall be abolished. All provincial military districts, military sub-districts, and county-level departments of armed police shall be abolished. The federal government, provinces and municipalities shall each establish a national defense mobilization agency, responsible for reserve management and training and recruiting of troops, etc. A National Guard shall be established by each province from the abolished armed police force with a reduced size, which shall be responsible for actions such as anti-terrorism, disaster relief, and maintaining social order in the province in peacetime, and obey calls of mobilization from the federal government to enter into military operations in wartime.
5. Formation of the armed forces:
Four military regions, Eastern, Southern, Western, and Northern, shall be established. Land, Sea, Air, Space, and Strategic Rocket Commands shall be established.
A Special Operations Command shall be established, which shall include departments of special warfare, psychological warfare, Internet warfare, and electronic warfare, etc.
The Army shall be organized into 10 army groups, all of which will be stationed along the border. There shall be two army groups each in the Southern and Eastern regions and three army groups each in the Western and Northern regions. The Marines in the Eastern and Southern regions may share certain defense duties. Only the Special Operations Command and airborne troops may be stationed in the hinterland.
The Navy shall consist of the Northern, Eastern, and Southern Fleets and the Aviation Department. It shall have four branches of surface ships, submarines, the Marines, and aviation.
The Air Force shall maintain its current structure with brigade-strength units stationed in each military region.
The Space Force shall be incorporated into the Strategic Rocket Force.
6. Military academies (omitted)
7. Adjustments and reorganization of the People's Liberation Army
The political organs shall be abolished with the political cadres dismissed. Psychological counselors shall be added to battalion-level units.
A military personnel management committee shall be established to implement the institutional formation of the armed forces in accordance with plans adopted by the democratic government and the Congress.
Management committees on biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons shall be established, which shall be centrally managed by an agency affiliated to the office of the president.
A military assets management committee shall be established.
A weapons and equipment management committee shall be established to centrally manage surplus weapons and equipment after the adjustments of the armed forces.
8. The armed forces of the democratic China shall be named as the National Defense Forces of China.
9. Serving the military
There shall be a combination of conscripts and volunteers with the term of the conscripts being 2 years. Upon completion of the term, based on needs of the armed forces and willingness of the individuals, conscripts may be reenlisted as professional service-persons.
10. Adoption of a military ranking system
The Minister of National Defense shall be a civilian. A military ranking system for the active-duty officers shall be implemented with a total of 10 ranks, Armed Force General, General, Lieutenant General, Major General, Colonel, Lieutenant Colonel, Major, Captain, Lieutenant, and Second Lieutenant.
11. On working with the Congress to develop and implement safeguard legislation for veterans
After retiring, military personnel shall be given preferential treatment in terms of living and medical care, which shall be carried out in strict accordance with the law.
12. Size of the armed forces:
The total number of active-duty troops shall be maintained at around 1,300,000, among which 600,000 shall be in the Army; 250,000 each in the Navy and the Air Force; and around 200,000 each in the Space Strategic Rocket Force and the commands at all levels.
The aforementioned are merely a preliminary structure and some ideas, which may serve as stop-gap measures in the process of promoting democratization and during an early stage of the establishment of a democratic institution. After such establishment and upon enactments of laws related to national defense and building of the armed forces, they shall be further revised and improved by due process.
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The Wei Jingsheng Foundation and the Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition are dedicated to the promotion of human rights and democratization in China. We appreciate your assistance and help in any means. We pledge solidarity to all who struggle for human rights and democratic governance on this planet.
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for news and information for Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition and human rights and democracy movement as whole, especially our Chinese Labor Union Base.
You may contact Ciping Huang at: H...@Weijingsheng.org or
Wei Jingsheng Foundation office at: 1-202-270-6980
Wei Jingsheng Foundation's postal address is:
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中文版
Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition News and Article Release Issue Number: A1496-O351
中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A1496-O351
Release Date: August 6, 2022
发布日：2022年8月6日
Topic: Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
标题：《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2022/report2022-8/SymposiumMinutes220806ChineseMilitaryA1496-O351.htm
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《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
2022年7月29-30日，由中国民主运动海外联席会议主办、中国民主党全国委员会协办的《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会在美国首都华盛顿召开，来自美中近30名专家学者就相关议题提出了很多宝贵的意见和建议，为此我们将这些意见进行了系统归纳。现将基本条款提交给关心中国民主的仁人志士，以求更进一步的充实和完善。
1、民主中国未来的国体为总统制联邦共和国；实行立法、行政、司法三权分立。中国是一个多民族的大国，地区间、文化间差异较大，鼓励各民族、地区的独立和实行中央集权制同样都不利于国家和社会的稳定和发展，最佳的选择是按美国的模式实行联邦制，各省自治，既维护了统一，又使得地方有相当高的自治权。
2、民主中国的民选总统为军队总司令。国防部为军事管理部门和对外联络机关。国会设军事委员会，负责军事立法、经费的预算和发放，监督军队建设和军事行动。空降军由总参谋部直接管辖和指挥。在国防部和国会设立军事情报机构。
3、民主中国的国防政策：维护国家主权和领土完整，抵御外来侵略，联合民主国家阵营维护世界和平为其三大基本政策。民主中国的军队在政治上保持中立，服从于民选政府。军队不得参与政治，军人不得参加党派。
4、民主中国的武装力量构成为现役与预备役相结合，义务兵役制与职业军人制度相结合。撤销武装警察部队，撤销省军区，军分区、县级武装部。联邦政府、省、市成立国防动员机构，负责预备役管理、训练和兵员征召，等等。撒销的武警由各省压缩规模，成立国民自卫队，平时担负本地区的反恐、救灾、维护社会治安等工作，战时听令联邦政府的征召，投入军事行动。
5、军队编成：
设立东部、南部、西部、北部四个军区。设立陆、海、空、太空和战略火箭司令部。
设立特种作战司令部，含特战、心战、网络、电子战等。
陆军编成10个集团军，一律驻防边境。南部和东部各两个集团军，西部和北部各三个集团军。东、南方向的海军陆战队可以分担一定的防务任务。只有特种作战司令部和空降兵可以驻扎在内地。
海军由北、东、南三个舰队和航空兵部组成，海军设水面舰艇、潜艇、陆战队、航空兵四个兵种。
空军维持现有架构，以旅为单位分驻各军区。
将太空部队编入战略火箭军。
6、军事院校（略）
7、对解放军的调整与改编
取消政治机关，取消政工干部，在营级单位增设心理疏导官。
设立兵员管理委员会，按民主政府和国会确定的规划落实军队的体制编制。
设立生、化、核武器管理委员会，由总统附设机构集中管理。
设立军队资产管理委员会。
成立武器装备管理委员会，统一管理军队调整后多余的武器装备。
8、民主中国军队的名称：中国国防军。
9、兵役制：
义务兵与志愿兵相结合，义务兵2年，期满后根据部队的需要和本人的自愿转为职业军人。
10、实行军衔制
国防部长为文职，现役军官实行军衔制，共10阶，一级上将、上将、中将、少将、上校、中校、少校、上尉、中尉、少尉。
11、配合国会制定和执行退役军人的保障立法
军人退役后，在生活和医疗待遇上给予优惠照顾，并严格依法执行。
12、军队规模：
现役部队总人数维持在130万左右。其中陆军60万；海空军各25万；太空战略火箭军、各级指挥机构共约20万。
以上只是初步的架构与设想，是推动民主化过程中及民主制度建立初期的一种应急措施，民主制度建立后，待国防与军队建设相关法律完善后，按司法程序和内容进一步修订和完善。
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中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A1496-O351
Release Date: August 6, 2022
发布日：2022年8月6日
Topic: Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
标题：《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
Note: Please use "Simplified Chinese (GB2312)" encoding to view the Chinese parts of this release. If this mail does not display properly in your email program, please send your request for special delivery to us or visit:
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2022/report2022-8/SymposiumMinutes220806ChineseMilitaryA1496-O351.htm which contains identical information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
On July 29-30, 2022, Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China, organized by the Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition and co-sponsored by the National Committee of the China Democracy Party, was held in Washington DC, the capital of the United States. Nearly 30 experts and scholars from the United States and China attended the symposium and shared many valuable opinions and suggestions on relevant topics. These opinions have been systematically summarized and consolidated. The basic tenets are hereby presented to those who care about democracy in China and are seeking further enrichment and improvements.
1. The future state of a democratic China shall be a presidential federal republic with a separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers. China is a large country with multiple ethnicities and great differences between regions and cultures. Neither encouraging independence of ethnic groups and regions nor implementing a centralized system will be beneficial to stability and development of the country and the society. The best choice is to adopt the model of the United States by implementing a federal system with provincial autonomy. This will maintain the unity of the country while allowing local governments to enjoy a high degree of autonomy.
2. The democratically elected president of a democratic China shall be the commander-in-chief of its armed forces. A Ministry of National Defense shall be the administrative organ and foreign liaison agency of the military. The nation's Congress shall establish a military committee, responsible for defense legislation, budgeting and disbursement of funds, and overseeing the building of the armed forces and military operations. An airborne force shall be under direct jurisdiction and command of the General Staff of the armed forces. Military intelligence agencies shall be established under the Ministry of National Defense and the Congress.
3. The fundamental objectives of democratic China's national defense shall be to safeguard the nation's sovereignty and territorial integrity, to repel foreign aggressions, and to ally with other democratic countries in maintaining world peace. The armed forces of democratic China shall be politically neutral and shall subordinate to the democratically elected national government. The military shall not be allowed to participate in politics. Military personnel may not join political parties.
4. The armed forces of democratic China shall consist of a combination of active-duty and reserve-duty troops, and a combination of conscripts and professional service-persons. The existing armed police force shall be abolished. All provincial military districts, military sub-districts, and county-level departments of armed police shall be abolished. The federal government, provinces and municipalities shall each establish a national defense mobilization agency, responsible for reserve management and training and recruiting of troops, etc. A National Guard shall be established by each province from the abolished armed police force with a reduced size, which shall be responsible for actions such as anti-terrorism, disaster relief, and maintaining social order in the province in peacetime, and obey calls of mobilization from the federal government to enter into military operations in wartime.
5. Formation of the armed forces:
Four military regions, Eastern, Southern, Western, and Northern, shall be established. Land, Sea, Air, Space, and Strategic Rocket Commands shall be established.
A Special Operations Command shall be established, which shall include departments of special warfare, psychological warfare, Internet warfare, and electronic warfare, etc.
The Army shall be organized into 10 army groups, all of which will be stationed along the border. There shall be two army groups each in the Southern and Eastern regions and three army groups each in the Western and Northern regions. The Marines in the Eastern and Southern regions may share certain defense duties. Only the Special Operations Command and airborne troops may be stationed in the hinterland.
The Navy shall consist of the Northern, Eastern, and Southern Fleets and the Aviation Department. It shall have four branches of surface ships, submarines, the Marines, and aviation.
The Air Force shall maintain its current structure with brigade-strength units stationed in each military region.
The Space Force shall be incorporated into the Strategic Rocket Force.
6. Military academies (omitted)
7. Adjustments and reorganization of the People's Liberation Army
The political organs shall be abolished with the political cadres dismissed. Psychological counselors shall be added to battalion-level units.
A military personnel management committee shall be established to implement the institutional formation of the armed forces in accordance with plans adopted by the democratic government and the Congress.
Management committees on biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons shall be established, which shall be centrally managed by an agency affiliated to the office of the president.
A military assets management committee shall be established.
A weapons and equipment management committee shall be established to centrally manage surplus weapons and equipment after the adjustments of the armed forces.
8. The armed forces of the democratic China shall be named as the National Defense Forces of China.
9. Serving the military
There shall be a combination of conscripts and volunteers with the term of the conscripts being 2 years. Upon completion of the term, based on needs of the armed forces and willingness of the individuals, conscripts may be reenlisted as professional service-persons.
10. Adoption of a military ranking system
The Minister of National Defense shall be a civilian. A military ranking system for the active-duty officers shall be implemented with a total of 10 ranks, Armed Force General, General, Lieutenant General, Major General, Colonel, Lieutenant Colonel, Major, Captain, Lieutenant, and Second Lieutenant.
11. On working with the Congress to develop and implement safeguard legislation for veterans
After retiring, military personnel shall be given preferential treatment in terms of living and medical care, which shall be carried out in strict accordance with the law.
12. Size of the armed forces:
The total number of active-duty troops shall be maintained at around 1,300,000, among which 600,000 shall be in the Army; 250,000 each in the Navy and the Air Force; and around 200,000 each in the Space Strategic Rocket Force and the commands at all levels.
The aforementioned are merely a preliminary structure and some ideas, which may serve as stop-gap measures in the process of promoting democratization and during an early stage of the establishment of a democratic institution. After such establishment and upon enactments of laws related to national defense and building of the armed forces, they shall be further revised and improved by due process.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
This is a message from WeiJingSheng.org
The Wei Jingsheng Foundation and the Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition are dedicated to the promotion of human rights and democratization in China. We appreciate your assistance and help in any means. We pledge solidarity to all who struggle for human rights and democratic governance on this planet.
You are welcome to use or distribute this release. However, please credit with this foundation and its website at: www.weijingsheng.org
Although we are unable to afford to pay royalty fees at this time, we are seeking your contribution as well. You may send your articles, comments and opinions to: H...@weijingsheng.org. Please remember, only in text files, not in attachments.
For website issues and suggestions, you may contact our professional staff and web master at: webm...@Weijingsheng.org
To find out more about us, please also visit our websites at:
www.WeiJingSheng.org and www.ChinaLaborUnion.org
for news and information for Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition and human rights and democracy movement as whole, especially our Chinese Labor Union Base.
You may contact Ciping Huang at: H...@Weijingsheng.org or
Wei Jingsheng Foundation office at: 1-202-270-6980
Wei Jingsheng Foundation's postal address is:
Wei Jingsheng Foundation, P. O. Box 15449, Washington, DC 20003, USA
You are receiving this message because you had previous shown your interest in learning more about Mr. Wei Jingsheng and the Chinese Democratic Movement. To be removed from the list, simply reply this message and use "unsubscribe" as the Subject. Please allow us a few days to process your request.
*****************************************************************
中文版
Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition News and Article Release Issue Number: A1496-O351
中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A1496-O351
Release Date: August 6, 2022
发布日：2022年8月6日
Topic: Minutes of Symposium on Defense Policy and Military Transformation in a Democratic China
标题：《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2022/report2022-8/SymposiumMinutes220806ChineseMilitaryA1496-O351.htm
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《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会会议纪要
2022年7月29-30日，由中国民主运动海外联席会议主办、中国民主党全国委员会协办的《民主中国的国防政策和军队转型》研讨会在美国首都华盛顿召开，来自美中近30名专家学者就相关议题提出了很多宝贵的意见和建议，为此我们将这些意见进行了系统归纳。现将基本条款提交给关心中国民主的仁人志士，以求更进一步的充实和完善。
1、民主中国未来的国体为总统制联邦共和国；实行立法、行政、司法三权分立。中国是一个多民族的大国，地区间、文化间差异较大，鼓励各民族、地区的独立和实行中央集权制同样都不利于国家和社会的稳定和发展，最佳的选择是按美国的模式实行联邦制，各省自治，既维护了统一，又使得地方有相当高的自治权。
2、民主中国的民选总统为军队总司令。国防部为军事管理部门和对外联络机关。国会设军事委员会，负责军事立法、经费的预算和发放，监督军队建设和军事行动。空降军由总参谋部直接管辖和指挥。在国防部和国会设立军事情报机构。
3、民主中国的国防政策：维护国家主权和领土完整，抵御外来侵略，联合民主国家阵营维护世界和平为其三大基本政策。民主中国的军队在政治上保持中立，服从于民选政府。军队不得参与政治，军人不得参加党派。
4、民主中国的武装力量构成为现役与预备役相结合，义务兵役制与职业军人制度相结合。撤销武装警察部队，撤销省军区，军分区、县级武装部。联邦政府、省、市成立国防动员机构，负责预备役管理、训练和兵员征召，等等。撒销的武警由各省压缩规模，成立国民自卫队，平时担负本地区的反恐、救灾、维护社会治安等工作，战时听令联邦政府的征召，投入军事行动。
5、军队编成：
设立东部、南部、西部、北部四个军区。设立陆、海、空、太空和战略火箭司令部。
设立特种作战司令部，含特战、心战、网络、电子战等。
陆军编成10个集团军，一律驻防边境。南部和东部各两个集团军，西部和北部各三个集团军。东、南方向的海军陆战队可以分担一定的防务任务。只有特种作战司令部和空降兵可以驻扎在内地。
海军由北、东、南三个舰队和航空兵部组成，海军设水面舰艇、潜艇、陆战队、航空兵四个兵种。
空军维持现有架构，以旅为单位分驻各军区。
将太空部队编入战略火箭军。
6、军事院校（略）
7、对解放军的调整与改编
取消政治机关，取消政工干部，在营级单位增设心理疏导官。
设立兵员管理委员会，按民主政府和国会确定的规划落实军队的体制编制。
设立生、化、核武器管理委员会，由总统附设机构集中管理。
设立军队资产管理委员会。
成立武器装备管理委员会，统一管理军队调整后多余的武器装备。
8、民主中国军队的名称：中国国防军。
9、兵役制：
义务兵与志愿兵相结合，义务兵2年，期满后根据部队的需要和本人的自愿转为职业军人。
10、实行军衔制
国防部长为文职，现役军官实行军衔制，共10阶，一级上将、上将、中将、少将、上校、中校、少校、上尉、中尉、少尉。
11、配合国会制定和执行退役军人的保障立法
军人退役后，在生活和医疗待遇上给予优惠照顾，并严格依法执行。
12、军队规模：
现役部队总人数维持在130万左右。其中陆军60万；海空军各25万；太空战略火箭军、各级指挥机构共约20万。
以上只是初步的架构与设想，是推动民主化过程中及民主制度建立初期的一种应急措施，民主制度建立后，待国防与军队建设相关法律完善后，按司法程序和内容进一步修订和完善。
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