Non Resident Bihari Book Download
Antonette Hespe
We invite you to read this page of our website to learn more about our current neurology residents. Upon completion of their training, they will join a distinguished list of Columbia Neurology former trainees that includes many of the country's current leaders and innovators in the field.
Conclusions: Our findings confirm that MS pain is a significant burden of disease among the residents of NCR. Women and subjects doing heavy work load, like agriculture and dairy farming, constitute the chief demographic groups. It is high time that a policy is framed to reduce this load of sickness.
Mike received his bachelor's degree from the University of Pennsylvania and his medical degree from the Pritzker School of Medicine at the University of Chicago. He also completed his pediatric training at the University of Chicago and served as pediatric chief resident. Mike is a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics and a member of the American Medical Writers Association.
In 2008, the High Court Division approved a petition and formally acknowledged the Biharis as Bangladeshi citizens. However, the lives of the Bihari camp's residents are enshrouded with diverse issues due to their cultural identity, language disparity, political ideology, and their actions during the liberation war. Since 1971, 300,000 Biharis have been living in Bangladesh in 116 camps. OBAT Helpers, Inc. (hereinafter, OBAT), a USA-based non-profit working to develop the internally displaced community and refugee population in Bangladesh, conducted a pilot survey project on two Bihari camps in Dhaka.
Many camp residents use public bathrooms, where 1 bathroom is allocated for approximately 65 people. Cleanliness, congestion, and inadequate water supply are some constant struggles. For healthcare services, 71.25% of Biharis go to public hospitals, and the rest visit the private hospital, community hospitals, and Kabiraj. The camp residents use Dhaka Water Supply and sewerage authority (WASA) drinking water. Despite the current lifestyle, most camp residents (95%) are hopeful.
The substandard economic status of the camp dwellers has a massive impact on their deplorable living conditions. The professions of survey residents include barbers, drivers, rickshaw pullers, maids, handicrafts, tailors, butchers, small business owners, garment-factory workers, security guards, auto mechanics, carpenters, and electricians. Being skill-based professionals, the monthly income of most residents depends on the level of expertise and the time they work each month. Moreover, many of them had lost their work during the pandemic.
98% of the residents agree that girls should not get married before 18. 89% concurred that women should be able to work only inside the camp area. 87.5% of respondents mentioned that women should be able to work outside the camp, even after marriage. These responses evinced the bright picture of the camp residents towards women's empowerment. However, other researchers discovered domestic violence is common in the camp area.
New Delhi: The reverse migration of daily wagers to their respective villages in Bihar took a horrific turn. In Madhaul village in Sitamarhi district, two migrant workers allegedly lynched another resident who had informed the authorities about their return.
In one such case, angry residents of a village in Jehanabad district also assaulted state government officials who had gone there to quarantine a bunch of migrant workers who had returned from Delhi. Although no one was injured, the residents torched the government vehicles in which the officials had come.
Then there is Dularchand Shah, a resident of Bansohi village in Siwan district, who died in April after he developed breathlessness due to COVID-19. His family received a message on mobile October 23 stating the same.
Ashok Singh, a resident of Karigaon village and an advocate in the sub-divisional court in Kaimur district, died of suspected COVID-19 symptoms on April 4. He was administered the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine on April 2.
He was a member of the Indian Parliament for over five decades, having been elected ten times to the Lok Sabha, the lower house, and twice to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house. He served as the MP (LS) for Lucknow, retiring from active politics in 2009 due to health concerns. He was among the founding members of the BJS, of which he was president from 1968 to 1972. The BJS merged with several other parties to form the JP, which won the 1977 general election. In March 1977, Vajpayee became the Minister of External Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Morarji Desai. He resigned in 1979, and the Janata alliance collapsed soon after. Former members of the BJS formed the BJP in 1980, with Vajpayee its first president.
During his tenure as prime minister, India carried out the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998. Vajpayee sought to improve diplomatic relations with Pakistan, travelling to Lahore by bus to meet with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. After the 1999 Kargil War with Pakistan, he sought to restore relations through engagement with President Pervez Musharraf, inviting him to India for a summit at Agra. Vajpayee's government introduced many domestic economic and infrastructural reforms, including encouraging the private sector and foreign investments, reducing governmental waste, encouraging research and development and privatisation of some government owned corporations.[1] During his tenure, India's security was threatened by a number of violent incidents including 2001 Indian Parliament attack and 2002 Gujarat riots which ultimately caused his defeat in 2004 general election.
The administration of Narendra Modi declared in 2014 that Vajpayee's birthday, 25 December, would be marked as Good Governance Day. In 2015, he was conferred India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, by the president of India, Pranab Mukherjee. He died in 2018 of age-related illness.
Vajpayee's oratorial skills won him the reputation of being the most eloquent defender of the Jana Sangh's policies.[13] After the death of Deendayal Upadhyaya, the leadership of the Jana Sangh passed to Vajpayee.[14] He became the national president of the Jana Sangh in 1968,[15] running the party along with Nanaji Deshmukh, Balraj Madhok, and L. K. Advani.[14]
In 1979, Desai and Vajpayee resigned, triggering the collapse of the Janata Party.[17][23] The erstwhile members of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh came together to form the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980, with Vajpayee as its first President.[24]
Under Vajpayee, the BJP moderated the Hindu-nationalist position of the Jana Sangh, emphasising its connection to the Janata Party and expressing support for Gandhian Socialism.[31] The ideological shift did not bring it success: Indira Gandhi's assassination generated sympathy for the Congress, leading to a massive victory at the polls. The BJP won only two seats in parliament.[31] Vajpayee offered to quit as party president following BJP's dismal performance in the election,[32] but stayed in the post until 1986.[33] He was elected to the Rajya Sabha in 1986 from Madhya Pradesh,[34] and was briefly the leader of the BJP in Parliament.[35]
In 1986, L. K. Advani took office as president of the BJP.[36] Under him, the BJP returned to a policy of hardline Hindu nationalism.[31] It became the political voice of the Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir Movement, which sought to build a temple dedicated to the Hindu deity Rama in Ayodhya. The temple would be built at a site believed to be the birthplace of Rama after demolishing a 16th-century mosque, called the Babri Masjid, which then stood there.[37] The strategy paid off for the BJP; it won 86 seats in the Lok Sabha in the 1989 general election, making its support crucial to the government of V. P. Singh.[31] In December 1992, a group of religious volunteers led by members of the BJP, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), tore down the mosque.[38][13]
During a BJP conference in Mumbai in November 1995, BJP President Advani declared that Vajpayee would be the party's prime ministerial candidate in the forthcoming elections. Vajpayee himself was reported to be unhappy with the announcement, responding by saying that the party needed to win the election first.[40] The BJP became the single largest party in Parliament in the 1996 general election, helped by religious polarisation across the country as a result of the demolition of the Babri Masjid.[41][42] Indian president Shankar Dayal Sharma invited Vajpayee to form the government.[43] Vajpayee was sworn in as the 10th prime minister of India,[44] but the BJP failed to muster a majority among members of the Lok Sabha. Vajpayee resigned after 16 days, when it became clear that he did not have enough support to form a government.[44][45] In this short period, he also created and administered the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.
In March 2000, Bill Clinton, the President of the United States, paid a state visit to India.[70] This was the first state visit to India by a U.S. president in 22 years, since President Jimmy Carter's visit in 1978.[71] President Clinton's visit was hailed as a significant milestone in relations between the two nations.[70] Vajpayee and Clinton had wide-ranging discussions on bilateral, regional and international developments.[72] The visit led to expansion in trade and economic ties between India and the United States.[73] A vision document on the future course of Indo-U.S. relations was signed during the visit.[74]
Domestically, the BJP-led government was influenced by the RSS, but owing to its dependence on coalition support, it was impossible for the BJP to push items like building the Ram Janmabhoomi temple in Ayodhya, repealing Article 370 which gave a special status to the state of Kashmir, or enacting a uniform civil code applicable to adherents of all religions. On 17 January 2000, there were reports of the RSS and some BJP hard-liners threatening to restart the Jan Sangh, the precursor to the BJP, because of their discontent over Vajpayee's rule. Former president of the Jan Sangh Balraj Madhok had written a letter to the then-RSS chief Rajendra Singh for support.[75] The BJP was, however, accused of "saffronising" the official state education curriculum and apparatus, saffron being the colour of the RSS flag of the RSS, and a symbol of the Hindu nationalism movement.[76] Home Minister L. K. Advani and the Human Resource Development Minister (now called Education Minister)[77] Murli Manohar Joshi were indicted in the 1992 Babri Mosque demolition case for inciting a mob of activists. Vajpayee himself came under public scrutiny owing to his controversial speech one day prior to the mosque demolition.[78]
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