I am having the exact same problem on my HTC Rezound.
_libastro.so is not automatically extracted, and when I manually place the file at the same location I get almost an identical error.
Has anybody managed to find a workaround for this little snag, or is pyephem on android broken for the time being?
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WHat version of Python are you running?
Robbie
Python 2.6.2 ?
Robbie