Hi,
I see the problem, but don't have any experience with the flowchart parts of pyqtgraph, so I'm not going to be too helpful unfortunately, and at worst may be totally wrong...
In pyqtgraph/flowchart/common.py, where the convenience method generateUi builds the UI components for you from the "intSpin" etc descriptions, there is no support for plain text.
In general, I don't see any technical reason why nodes can't pass around plain text data, it's just these "pre made" control types don't have a text type.
1) You could extend the functionality in the code under pyqtgraph/flowchart/library to add plain text functionality. I don't think it would be super difficult. Copy the way the GUI elements are built for you in the generateUi method, but make a QtLineEdit item etc. Then you should be able to make your own extension of CtrlNode to input/display/output a text string.
2) To avoid modifying the pyqtgraph code, then build your own GUI widget for your custom CtrlNode manually. So your init of your CtrlNode will have some code similar to that in the generateUi method that sets up a QLineEdit or similar and sets it as its self.ui reference.
Hope that's somewhat helpful anyway...
Patrick