Added:
/fig_alt-az.png
Modified:
/fig_alt-az.asy
/fig_ecliptic.mp
/fig_ra-dec.mp
/pycalcal.nw
=======================================
--- /dev/null
+++ /fig_alt-az.png Sat Jan 16 07:53:28 2010
Binary file, no diff available.
=======================================
--- /fig_alt-az.asy Mon Jan 11 06:06:08 2010
+++ /fig_alt-az.asy Sat Jan 16 07:53:28 2010
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@
triple pppp=planeproject(tanplane)*cb;
draw(pP--pppp,dashed);
draw(pppp--cb,dashed);
+drawrightangle(pppp,pP,cb,fillpen=lightgray);
// lat-lon arcs
triple pA=(pP.x,pP.y, 0);
=======================================
--- /fig_ecliptic.mp Mon Jan 11 06:06:08 2010
+++ /fig_ecliptic.mp Sat Jan 16 07:53:28 2010
@@ -8,121 +8,9 @@
input astro
input textpath
-outputtemplate := "%j.mps";
+%outputtemplate := "%j.mps";
beginfig(0);
-draw fullcircle scaled 2r;
-draw_equator(1,1);
-draw_ecliptic(1,1);
-
-
-z0=(0,0); % origin
-z1=project((r,0,0),V1,V2); % x-axis
-z2=project((0,r,0),V1,V2); % y-axis
-z3=project((0,0,r),V1,V2); % z-axis
-z4=project(North_Ec,V1,V2);
-z6=project(f_ecliptic(r,75),V1,V2);
-z7=project(f_equator(r,70),V1,V2);
-
-path p[],q[];
-vector ra[], dec[];
-ra0=f_equator(r,0);
-ra1=f_equator(r,15);
-ra2=f_equator(r,30);
-ra3=f_equator(r,45);
-ra4=f_equator(r,60);
-ra5=f_equator(r,285);
-ra6=f_equator(r,300);
-ra7=f_equator(r,315);
-ra8=f_equator(r,330);
-ra9=f_equator(r,345);
-p0:=project(ra0,V1,V2)..project(ra1,V1,V2)..project(ra2,V1,V2)..project(0.5[ra2,ra3],V1,V2);
-draw_meridian(0,1,1);
-draw project(ra1-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra1+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $1^h$ etex, project(ra1-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra2-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra2+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $2^h$ etex, project(ra2-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra3-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra3+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $3^h$ etex, project(ra3-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra3-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra3+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-
-label.bot(btex $19^h$ etex, project(ra5-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra5-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra5+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $20^h$ etex, project(ra6-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra6-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra6+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $21^h$ etex, project(ra7-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra7-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra7+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $22^h$ etex, project(ra8-(0,0,1),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra8-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra8+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-label.bot(btex $23^h$ etex, project(ra9-(0,0,1),V1,V2));
-draw project(ra9-(0,0,2),V1,V2)..project(ra9+(0,0,2),V1,V2);
-
-picture pa;
-%pa = thelabel.bot(btex $24^h\!\!=\!0^h$ etex, project(ra0-(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-pa = thelabel.bot(btex $0^h$ etex, project(ra0-(0,-2.3,2.3),V1,V2));
-unfill bbox pa;
-draw pa;
-
-dec0=f_meridian(r,90,0);
-dec1=f_meridian(r,80,0);
-dec2=f_meridian(r,70,0);
-dec3=f_meridian(r,60,0);
-dec4=f_meridian(r,50,0);
-dec5=f_meridian(r,40,0);
-dec6=f_meridian(r,30,0);
-dec7=f_meridian(r,100,0);
-dec8=f_meridian(r,110,0);
-dec9=f_meridian(r,120,0);
-q0:=project(dec0,V1,V2)..project(dec1,V1,V2)..project(dec2,V1,V2)..project(dec3,V1,V2)..project(0.5[dec3,
dec4],V1,V2);
-draw project(dec1-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec1+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $10^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec1+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec2-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec2+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $20^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec2+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec3-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec3+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $30^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec3+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec4-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec4+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $40^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec4+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec5-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec5+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $50^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec5+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec6-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec6+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.rt(btex $60^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec6+(0,0,2),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec7-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec7+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.lft(btex $-10^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec7+(0,1,0),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec8-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec8+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.lft(btex $-20^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec8+(0,1,0),V1,V2));
-draw project(dec9-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec9+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.lft(btex $-30^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec9+(0,1,0),V1,V2));
-
-dec0:=f_meridian(r,130,0);
-draw project(dec0-(0,2,0),V1,V2)..project(dec0+(0,2,0),V1,V2);
-label.lft(btex $-40^{\circ}$ etex, project(dec0+(0,1,0),V1,V2));
-
-drawarrow z0--0.2z1; label.bot(btex $x$ etex, 0.2z1);
-drawarrow z0--0.2z2; label.rt(btex $y$ etex, 0.2z2);
-drawarrow z0--0.2z3; label.lft(btex $z$ etex, 0.2z3);
-pickup pencircle scaled 1.2pt;
-drawarrow p0;
-label.top(btex $RA$ etex, (point infinity of p0)+(-1,1));
-drawarrow q0;
-label.lft(btex $dec$ etex, point infinity of q0);
-
-dotlabel.ulft(btex $\vernal$ etex, z1);
-dotlabel.lrt(btex $\libra$ etex, -z1);
-dotlabel.llft(btex $N$ etex, z3);
-dotlabel.urt(btex $S$ etex, -z3);
-dotlabel.llft(btex $E$ etex, z2);
-dotlabel.urt(btex $W$ etex, -z2);
-dotlabel.llft(btex $N^*$ etex, z4);
-dotlabel.urt(btex $S^*$ etex, -z4);
-dotlabel.urt(btex $Sol_w$ etex, project(f_ecliptic(r,270),V1,V2));
-dotlabel.llft(btex $Sol_s$ etex, project(f_ecliptic(r,90),V1,V2));
-
-pickup defaultpen;
-label.rt(btex Ecliptic etex, 1.01z6);
-label.rt(btex Celestial equator etex, 1.01z7);
-endfig;
-
-beginfig(1);
draw fullcircle scaled 2r;
draw_equator(1,1);
draw_ecliptic(1,1);
=======================================
--- /fig_ra-dec.mp Mon Jan 11 06:06:08 2010
+++ /fig_ra-dec.mp Sat Jan 16 07:53:28 2010
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
input astro
input textpath
-outputtemplate := "%j.mps";
+%outputtemplate := "%j.mps";
beginfig(0);
draw fullcircle scaled 2r;
=======================================
--- /pycalcal.nw Mon Jan 11 06:06:08 2010
+++ /pycalcal.nw Sat Jan 16 07:53:28 2010
@@ -3204,21 +3204,46 @@
\begin{figure}[h]
\rule{\textwidth}{0.005in}
\begin{center}
- \includegraphics{fig_alt-az.pdf}
+ \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig_alt-az.png}
\caption{Alt-az coordinate system. $N$ is the North (Celestial) Pole;
$x$ points at the intersection between Greenwich meridian and the
equator;
$A$ is the azimuth of the celestial body $B$ as seen from observer
positioned in $P$ (at geographical longitude $L$ and geographical
latitude
$\varphi$; $\varphi'$ is the geocentric latitude [mesured from
Earth's
- center])).}\label{fig:ALT-AZ}
+ center])).The plane is tangent in $P$ to the Earth's
+ surface.}\label{fig:ALT-AZ}
\end{center}
\rule{\textwidth}{0.005in}
\end{figure}
+Any coordinates given in the alt-az system depend on the place of
observation
+(because the sky appears different from different points on Earth) and on
the
+time of observation (because the Earth rotates, and each star appears to
trace
+out a circle centred on North Celestial Pole).
+
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{$HA-dec$ Coordinate systems}
\label{sec:HA-dec}
+A system of celestial coordinates which is fixed on the sky and
+independent of the observer's time and place can be defined by selecting
+the celestial equator as its fundamental circle.
+
+The North Celestial Pole (NCP) and the South Celestial Pole (SCP)
+lie directly above Earth's North and South Poles.
+The NCP and SCP form the poles of a great circle on the celestial sphere,
+analogous to the equator on Earth: it is called the celestial equator and
it
+lies directly above the Earth's equator.
+
+Any great circle between the NCP and the SCP is a meridian.
+The one which also passes through the zenith and the nadir
+is "the" celestial meridian, or the observer's meridian.
+(It is identical to the principal vertical.)
+This provides our new zero-point;
+in this case, we use the point where it crosses the southern half of the
equator.
+
+
+
\subsection{$RA-dec$ Coordinate systems}
\label{sec:RA-dec}
@@ -3227,7 +3252,7 @@
\begin{figure}[h]
\rule{\textwidth}{0.005in}
\begin{center}
- \includegraphics{fig_ra-dec.mps}
+ \includegraphics{fig_ra-dec-0.pdf}
\caption{RA-dec coordinate system. $N^*$ is the North pole of the
ecliptic; $N$ is the North Celestial Pole; $\vernal$ is the first
point of
Aries and the zero-point for this coordinate system. Right Ascension
($RA$
@@ -3244,15 +3269,14 @@
Figure~\ref{fig:ecliptic}\ displays ecliptic, lunar orbit (angle is
exagerated),
the lunar (ascending) node $\ascnode$\ and the origin \vernal\ (at vernal
equinox).
It is intersting to note graphically what is later described
algorithmically.
-\label{sec:astro}
\begin{figure}[h]
\rule{\textwidth}{0.005in}
\begin{center}
- \includegraphics{fig_ecliptic.mps}
+ \includegraphics{fig_ecliptic-0.pdf}
\caption{Celestial coordinate system. $N^*$ is the North pole of the
ecliptic; $N$ is the North Celestial Pole; $\vernal$ is the first
point of
Aries or the ascending node of the mean ecliptic. $\ascnode$ is the
- ascending node of the lunar
orbit.}\label{fig:ecliptic}\label{fig:ecliptic}
+ ascending node of the lunar orbit.}\label{fig:ecliptic}
\end{center}
\rule{\textwidth}{0.005in}
\end{figure}
@@ -8229,7 +8253,7 @@
.PHONY : figures
-figures: fig_ra-dec.mps fig_ecliptic.mps fig_alt-az.pdf
+figures: fig_ra-dec.pdf fig_ecliptic.pdf fig_alt-az.pdf
<<Makefile: distro>>