A trilogy is a set of three distinct works that are connected and can be seen either as a single work or as three individual works. They are commonly found in literature, film, and video games. Three-part works that are considered components of a larger work also exist, such as the triptych or the three-movement sonata, but they are not commonly referred to with the term "trilogy".
Most trilogies are works of fiction involving the same characters or setting, such as The Deptford Trilogy of novels by Robertson Davies, The Apu Trilogy of films by Satyajit Ray, The Kingdom Trilogy of television miniseries from 1994 to 2022 by Lars von Trier. Other fiction trilogies are connected only by theme: for example, each film of Krzysztof Kieślowski's Three Colours trilogy explores one of the political ideals of the French Republic (liberty, equality, fraternity). Trilogies can also be connected in less obvious ways, such as The Nova Trilogy of novels by William S. Burroughs, each written using cut-up technique.
The term is seldom applied outside media. One example is the "Marshall Trilogy", a common term for three rulings written by U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall from 1823 to 1832 concerning the legal status of Native Americans under U.S. law.[1]
Trilogies (Greek: τριλογία trilogia)[3][4] date back to ancient times. In the Dionysia festivals of ancient Greece, for example, trilogies of plays were performed followed by a fourth satyr play. The Oresteia is the only surviving trilogy of these ancient Greek plays, originally performed at the festival in Athens in 458 BC. The three Theban plays, or Oedipus cycle, by Sophocles, originating in 5th century BC, is not a true example of a trilogy because the plays were written at separate times and with different themes/purposes.
The term is less often applied to music. One example is the Berlin Trilogy of David Bowie, which is linked together by musical sound and lyrical themes, all having been recorded at least partly in Berlin, Germany. Another example can be found in the Guns N' Roses songs "November Rain", "Don't Cry" and "Estranged", whose videos are considered a trilogy.[6] The Weeknd's 2012 compilation album Trilogy is a remastered and remixed collection of his 2011 mixtapes House of Balloons, Thursday, and Echoes of Silence.
A Tex-Mex tornado of fire and fury, writer-director Robert Rodriguez's astonishing 'Mexico Trilogy' broke fresh new ground in American independent and action cinema, catapulting the filmmaker and his largely Hispanic cast and crew into the Hollywood stratosphere.
Rodriguez's ingenious 1993 debut El Mariachi (infamously filmed for only $7000) sees a naive young musician entering a godforsaken border town and finding himself in the middle of a deadly case of mistaken identity. The major studio follow-up Desperado sees Antonio Banderas take up the mantle of the mysterious Mariachi, stalking the Mexican underworld with enough bullets up his sleeves for every bandito in his path. Finally, 2003's Once Upon a Time in Mexico sees Rodriguez use every cutting-edge technological innovation in his arsenal to bring the trilogy's explosive conclusion to the screen, as the Mariachi finds himself in the center of a bloody war for the soul of Mexico itself.
Fun, fast and full of invention and inspiration, this deadly trio cemented Robert Rodriguez's reputation as an action auteur worth following, and are accompanied here by insightful new interviews with the director and his crew of collaborators.
Dozens of tragic trilogies were written for the Greek stage, though only one, Aeschylus's great Oresteia (consisting of Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, *and *The Eumenides), has survived complete. Authors in later years have occasionally chosen to create trilogies to allow themselves to develop a highly complex story or cover a long span of time. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings wasn't actually intended as a trilogy, but since it was published in three volumes it's usually called one. George Lucas's three original Star Wars movies are an example of a film trilogy (which he followed many years later by another).
Trilogy is a client library for MySQL-compatible database servers, designed for performance, flexibility, and ease of embedding. We released Trilogy, with its Ruby-native wrapper, in December, and have now rounded out the set with the release of activerecord-trilogy-adapter, an Active Record adapter that allows a Ruby on Rails application to use Trilogy in place of the built-in mysql2-based adapter.
The Trilogy library is specifically designed to perform efficiently when embedded in environments like the Ruby VM, which benefits from special handling of blocking syscalls, and conscious use of dynamic memory allocation. It also aims to provide strong portability and compatibility, using a custom implementation of the network protocol to minimize dependencies needed for compilation.
Compared to the mysql2 gem, Trilogy avoids a dependency on the libmariadb / libmysqlclient library, which can simplify gem installation and eliminate version mismatch issues, and minimizes the number of times data must be copied in memory when building and parsing network packets. It should simplify gem installation and be more efficient under heavy query loads.
The Trilogy adapter is currently only compatible with the version of Rails that we use to run GitHub: the in-development main branch of rails/rails. After Active Record 7.1.0 is released, we will maintain a release that is compatible with the current supported release series.
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