In TA 2770, Smaug came from the mountains in the north, attracted by the vast wealth amassed by the Dwarven kingdom of Erebor, which included gold, gemstones, silver, pearls, the many-faceted crystals of emerald, sapphire and diamond, and the famed Arkenstone. In one savage attack, he laid waste to both Erebor and the neighboring town of Dale, killing any Dwarves or Men who dared try to stop him. King Thrór and Thráin used the secret door to escape, but the dragon continued ravaging the surrounding countryside long after.
The film also deviates from the book in portraying Smaug's underbelly as being as heavily armored as the rest of him, rather than being artificially protected by a coat of gold and gems. The bare patch that Bilbo notices is a single missing scale instead, broken off during his attack on Dale, by one of the Black Arrows fired by Girion.
Typical items in Europe include crowns, sceptres, orbs, swords, ceremonial maces, and rings, all usually in gold or silver-gilt and heavily decorated with precious and semi-precious gemstones, in styles which go back to the Middle Ages and are normally very conservative to emphasize the continuity of the monarchy. Many working collections of crown jewels are kept in vaults or strongrooms when not in use and can be seen by the public. The crown jewels of many former monarchies can also be seen in museums, and may still represent national cultural icons even for countries that are now republics, as for example in Hungary, where the Holy Crown of Hungary has been re-incorporated in the coat of arms of Hungary. Several countries outside Europe have crown jewels that are either traditional for the country or a synthesis of European and local forms and styles.
So recently in my homebrew campaign the Gnome necromancer of my party sold a precious gem to a dwarven auctonier(I don't how to spell cause English isn't my mother language, sorry) in a dwarven city. The gem was rare, yes, but only 200 gold worth per gem...he convinced the auctioneer it was worth 3,000 each...and he had many, many gems with him stuffed in his bag of holding.
At Cache Creek, only recreational mining is allowed. With the increased attention that Cache Creek is receiving as a gold prospecting site, visitors are now required to pay a small entrance fee and adhere to rules that prevent environmental destruction, such as only using non-motorized prospecting tools.
Imports of gold virtually stopped since July 22 after confusion on the new import rules, prompting the commerce ministry to call a high level meeting with officials from the Finance ministry, importing banks and trading companies.
e. Elaborate jewelry continues during the Seleucid through Sasanian periods, including finger rings, earrings, diadems, and pendants. Seleucid and Parthian jewelry is mostly of gold or gold plate, less frequently of silver or bronze. It is often inlaid with precious gems or glass imitations set in raised flanges.