iVerilogis an open-source tool for simulating and synthesizing Verilog code. It is lightweight (only a few megabytes of disk space is required) and it is available for both Linux and Windows. We can simulate the Verilog code and see the output of described Verilog HDL using GTK wave
You've started learning Verilog for your projects or for any other reasons? Great! ?, but for simulating or synthesizing the Verilog code you require a toolchain. When you search Verilog simulator on the Internet, you'll find various online or offline tools and some of them are commercial tools. You decide to get started with online tools. Then you realise that the online tools are not so good for learning Verilog efficiently because online tools require a stable Internet connection and sometimes the online tools do not work properly. Then you decide to download an offline toolchain.
You find some free tools for Verilog simulation and then you realize that the tool is not user-friendly ? (in the beginning). How to download the tool? How to simulate? There is no proper instruction to use the free tools ?. Then you find a commercial toolchain which is freely available and easy to use. Nice! ?
Open Terminal (ctrl + alt + T) and type following command. Step 2 - Upgrade all packages Write following command (which is shown in white text). After this command, it may ask you for password. Type password and press enter.
You'll get following outputs. If you're getting this output then iVerilog is install correctly. If not then iverilog is not installed and you are required to install again properly. Type following command
You'll get following outputs. If you're getting this output then GTKwave is install correctly. If not, go back to previous steps or start again from the step 1. Simulating first Verilog code in iVerilog We've installed all the tools required for simulating the verilog code. Now we'll write the verilog code and do the simulation.
open text editor and write the following verilog code. Save this code inside Home director with name hello.v. We are not creating the hardware but we are writing the verilog code to verify that the iVerilog tool is working fine.
Till now, we've done Verilog code compiling. Now we'll describe hardware in a text and check whether the described hardware is generating desired output or not. We'll describe a NOT Gate to keep it simple. The description of the NOT gate in the Verilog is given below. Write the code in a text editor and save it in the home directory with the name inverter.v
If you've not understood the code. Don't worry! it is not difficult to learn verilog. For now, just see the code and analyse it. We've created a module and this module has an inverter. a is the input of the inveretr and y is output.
Create a new file with name inverter_tb.v and save in the same directory where inverter.v is saved and write the code as shown below. Simulating the Verilog Code and Testbench We've created verilog code and testbench for and inverter and both are in the same directory. For simulating, type following command in the terminal.
This version is not compatible with current versions of macOS. To run GTKWave on newer macOS versions this community provided Homebrew tap can be used: -gtkwave. Additional information about running GTKWave on newer macOS can be found in this GitHub issue.
Sourceforge will continue to host the LTS (3.3) version of GTKWave, however future development is moving to a GIT repository on GitHub.
GTKWave is a VCD waveform viewer based on the GTK library. This viewer supportVCD and LXT formats for signal dumps. GTKWAVE is available on githubhere. Most Linux distributions alreadyinclude gtkwave prepackaged.
iverilog VCD(Value Change Dump) currently only supports signals that change change values. This is being worked on as enhancement to masquerade parameters as signals at time 0.
Note also that on newer versions of gtkwave, you can simply doubleclick on an icon for the VCD file from the desktop, explorer, etc. This works on Linux and OSX. On Windows (and the others), you can drag the icon into a live session of gtkwave.
Can't help you much, but have you read the GtkWave documentation? They talk about compiling using a program called vermin, not iverilog. Look pages 30 and 78. I've seen no debug option to the gtkwave command, so I can't really help much. But such a generic error seems to indicate you're most likely missing something obvious (or otherwise that gtkwave programmers are really bad at reporting errors).
The test bench is written such that the changes in the signals are dumped to a Value Change Dump (VCD) file, using the $dumpfile and $dumpvars system commands. The state of the variables is also printed to the terminal using the $monitor system command. Now that the D flip-flop module and a test bench are ready, we need to compile the verilog and run the simulator.
Icarus Verilog is a free compiler implementationfor the IEEE-1364 Verilog hardware description language. Icarus is maintained byStephen Williams and it is released under theGNU GPL license.In this page you will find easy to install Icarus Verilog packages compiled withthe MinGW toolchainfor the Windows environment. GTKWavefor Win32 is also included in the latest releases. The installers have been created with Jordan Rusell'sInno Setup free installer utility. Download You can find Icarus Verilog sources and binaries for most platforms at the Icarus site FTP. The sources available here have been compressed with 7-zip. iverilog-v12-20220611-x64_setup [18.2MB] iverilog-v11-20210204-x64_setup.exe [44.1MB] iverilog-v11-20201123-x64_setup.exe [18.1MB] iverilog-10.1.1-x64_setup.exe [9.77MB] iverilog-10.0-x86_setup.exe [11.1MB] iverilog-20130827_setup.exe (development snapshot) [11.2MB] iverilog-0.9.7_setup.exe (latest stable release) [10.5MB] iverilog-0.9.6_setup.exe [10.4MB] iverilog-0.8.6_setup.exe (latest release 0.8 series) [1.29MB] iverilog-0.8.6.7z [800kB] iverilog-0.7-20040706_setup.exe [1.09MB] iverilog-0.7-20040706.7z [588kB] ResourcesHere are some pointers to interesting Verilog related resources.Verilog ResourcesGTKWave Electronic Waveform ViewerGTKWave for WindowsIVI, a graphical frontend for IcarusEclipse Verilog EditorVerilog syntax highlighting for UltraEdit. Copyright This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
IcarusVerilog (or iVerilog for short) is a open-source Verilog simulation and synthesis tool we use for making fast simulations of Verilog projects. iVerilog works on all three families of operating systems. Details for different operating systems are provided on this site. A few notes from our experience:
We'll also need to install GTKWave as well. This is a good lightweight waveform viewer, used for displaying simulation output. Detailed install instructions can be found here, and shouldn't need any significant changes, but we've found:
Fix that, then rerun the simulation with the same command. If nothing shows up, good! This means the compiler ran with no errors. Inside your folder there should now a file called example.out, which is a compiled version of your testbench.
When we run the iverilog command, we used iVerilog to compile your Verilog testbench to an executable file. Now, We'll now want to run that executable file inside vvp, which is the Verilog runtime that comes bundled with iVerilog. When we do this, we simulate the module, logging the values of the internal signals along the way. Go ahead and try this with:
You should see tons of values fly by - these are the output of the $display statements we made in the testbench. These statements are super useful for debugging, and we can view our results as waveforms too.
Now's a good time to mention that these statements are what's called non-synthesizable Verilog. These statements are valid Verilog and clearly do something in the simulation, but that's just it - they only make sense in simulation. They don't make sense when we're trying to configure the logic on the FPGA. As a result we call these statments non-synthesizable, since there's no way to synthesize them into anything on the chip.
In addition to the text output from our simulation, we can also view the signals in the design as waveforms. Our simulation actually already generated the Value Change Dump (VCD) file needed for this, as you can see from the following lines in the testbench:
This tells the simulator to store the value of every signal in the simulation at every time step. This goes into a .vcd file, which is a standard digital signal file format that's viewable with a waveform viewer. There's multiple ones out there, but we recommend GTKWave since it is cross-platform and is relatively suck-free. 1 If you're on Windows or Linux, from a terminal you can just run:
This will likely not work for people on MacOS - for some reason GTKWave doesn't like being called from the command line. Assuming it actually installed, you can probably get away with launching it from your Launchpad, and then opening .vcd file from there.
Regardless, once you've loaded this vcd file, you can add your signals to the waveform viewer by highlighting which modules and signals you care about, clicking "Insert" and then, moving around/zooming, etc. If you later make a change to your code, you can then just simply:
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