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Nokia (.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-smallfont-size:85%.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-smallfont-size:100%Finnish pronunciation: [ˈnokiɑ]) is a town in Finland. It lies on the banks of the Nokianvirta River, part of the Kokemki River, in the Pirkanmaa region, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Tampere. The population of Nokia is approximately 36,000, while the metropolitan area has a population of approximately 417,000. It is the 33rd most populous municipality in Finland, and the second largest in the Pirkanmaa region after Tampere.
The origin of the name Nokia is obscure. In modern Finnish, noki means soot, and nokia is an inflected plural, although this form of the word is rarely if ever used. The most common theory claims the name actually originates from the archaic Finnish word nois (pl. nokia) or nokint ("soot marten"), meaning sable.[6] After the sable was hunted to extinction in Finland, the word was applied to any dark-coated fur animal, such as the marten, which are found in the area to this day. The sable is enshrined on the Nokia coat of arms. However, later research has appeared to indicate that sables never inhabited Finland in the first place, and the name nois may actually refer to the beaver.[7][8] The coat of arms was designed by Gustaf von Numers and was confirmed on October 25, 1951.[9]
The first literary reference to Nokia is in a 1505 document, which mentions two farms Stoora och Lilla Nokia, Swedish for "Big and Little Nokia". The Nokia manor was formed out of these two farms. The area was a part of the Pirkkala parish.[11]
In 1922, Suur-Pirkkala was split into Pohjois- and Etel-Pirkkala (Northern and Southern). Nokia used to reach out to the current heart of Tampere, as the Pispala area was part of Nokia (Pohjois-Pirkkala) until 1937. In 1938 Pohjois-Pirkkala was renamed Nokia while Etel-Pirkkala became simply Pirkkala. Two municipalities have been consolidated with Nokia: Suoniemi in 1973 and Tottijrvi in 1976. Nokia was designated as a city in 1977.
The early precedessor of eponymous telecommunications giant Nokia was (de facto) born when mining engineer Fredrik Idestam established his second groundwood pulp mill on the banks of Nokianvirta river near the town of Nokia in 1868 and his enterprises were named as Nokia Aktiebolag (Nokia Ltd) in 1871.[12] Suomen Gummitehdas Oy (Finnish Rubber Works Ltd) set up a factory in Nokia in 1904.[13] These two companies and Suomen Kaapelitehdas Oy (Finnish Cable Works Ltd)[14][15] amalgamated in 1967 forming Nokia Corporation.[16] Different branches of this conglomerate were split into several companies or sold off between 1988 and 1996. The rubber works still operate in Nokia as Nokian Tyres[17][18] and originally in 1880 established paper mill[19] as Essity.[20]
Despite the Nokia Corporation having its early roots in Nokia it no longer has any operations in the city. Telecommunications business get started in early 1960's as an electronics division of Finnish Cable Works Ltd (later Nokia Cable Ltd)[21] in Helsinki and later also main office were moved to Capital Region. At this time the headquarters are situated in Espoo.[22]The only current presence of the company in the city is the Nokia mansion,[23] which is sometimes used for private parties for the company's executive staff. The city has repeatedly been asked to commemorate the company it gave birth to, but it has always declined, on the grounds that mobile phones were never produced there.[24]
Today's Nokia is famous for its spa, factory shops, waterways, and events. Nokia also enjoys good road and air connections. The largest companies are AGCO Power,[26] Nokian Tyres, Purso,[27] Patria Aviation[28] and Essity paper mill. From a religious perspective, Nokia is best known for the charismatic Nokia Revival which began in 1990. Nokia is also known for its own fast food cuisine, Kuuma koira[a] and as a home town of Nokian Brewery.[29] Due to the closeness of Tampere studio facilities, Nokia has been also used as a filming location. For example, Eric Sykes' The Big Freeze and Finnish TV production Korpelan Kujanjuoksu have been prominently filmed there.
From the enabling infrastructure for 5G and the Internet of Things, to emerging applications in virtual reality and digital health, we are shaping the future of technology to transform the human experience. nokia.com
Connectivity is not a luxury, it is a fundamental right. The COVID-19 pandemic has made this clearer than ever. Connectivity allowed people to learn, shop, bank, socialize, access healthcare and, in many cases, work from home. For roughly 3.6 billion people around the world, however, all of that was impossible because they lacked even the most basic internet access.
How much of the $15 trillion the International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates the world may have lost in output due to COVID-19 could have been saved if everyone had access to the internet? What about the physical and mental health costs of being unconnected in an increasingly digital world? We must act now to bring unconnected communities online. Not just in smart cities, but in smart villages and smart townships.
The good news is that creative and ambitious solutions exist to help connect communities around the world. In El Salvador, for instance, a longstanding digital divide means only around half of the population uses the internet, while approximately two-thirds of public schools are offline. Fortunately, the country has recognized the toll this has taken on productivity, equality and education, and has made addressing it a top government priority.
Similarly, around 150 Argentinian villages are being brought online this year after telecoms regulator Enacom assigned 450 MHz spectrum for broadband coverage in rural areas. This is part of a government initiative to reduce a social and economic digital gap, which widened considerably during the pandemic. In addition to getting citizens online, mobile broadband will also enable smart agricultural solutions, a key driver of economic development in rural areas.
In other parts of the world, investments in fixed networks are improving connectivity. In Nepal, for example, 1,500 kilometres of optical networks are being modernized to enable high-speed broadband access. This will allow the local service provider to satisfy growing demand for bandwidth and provide users with improved service quality.
In addition to connectivity being a fundamental right, widespread connectivity also has a huge multiplier effect. It could encourage digital entrepreneurs to develop marketable and socially useful applications and services. More generally, it could stimulate economic and social progress across a country.
This creates high hopes, and understandably so. Multiple studies have shown that there is a strong correlation between broadband availability and jobs and GDP growth. This squares with what we see all the time at Nokia: nations, cities, even individual communities that invest in connectivity see an uplift in employment, skills, income, entrepreneurship and quality of life.
COVID-19 has exposed digital inequities globally and exacerbated the digital divide. Most of the world lives in areas covered by a mobile broadband network, yet more than one-third (2.9 billion people) are still offline. Cost, not coverage, is the barrier to connectivity.
Through the 1 Billion Lives Challenge, the EDISON Alliance aims to improve 1 billion lives globally through affordable and accessible digital solutions across healthcare, financial services and education by 2025.
Finnish telecommunications colossus Nokia has announced the launch of a number of innovative services aimed at solving the challenges of urbanization which major cities all over the world currently face. The telecommunications vendor has introduced Internet of Things for Smart Cities and Sensing as a Service which showcase the benefits of IoT in building both economically and environmentally sustainable cities.
IoT for smart cities is a fully-integrated, modular and scalable framework, which enables operators and master systems integrators to take advantage of unified smart city management while unlocking new revenue streams by rapidly launching new services. Powered by cross-application data sharing, analytics and automation, Nokia's Integrated Operations Center (IOC) orchestrates all smart city operations for enhanced efficiency, faster responsiveness and improved decision making. Blueprint applications include video surveillance, smart lighting, parking, waste management, and environmental sensing.
Sensing as a Service provides real-time environmental data and intelligent analytics that operators can monetize by offering CAPEX-free data services to enterprises, cities, public safety authorities and governments. Operators can utilize existing base station sites, with Nokia deploying sensors and integrating all available site equipment into an IoT real-time monitoring platform. Sensing as a Service enables possibilities to detect unusual environmental behavior like illegal construction, trash burning or unusual particles in the air. Sensing as a Service is powered by a blockchain enabling smart contracts: anonymized, private and secure micro-transactions that allow operators to monetize analyzed data and generate new revenue streams.
S-MVNO (Secure Mobile Virtual Network Operator) for Public Safety enables operators to leverage their commercial LTE networks to offer mission-critical broadband services to public safety agencies, and thus generate new revenue streams. The 3GPP-compliant service, which is part of Nokia's ViTrust portfolio, helps commercial LTE networks fulfil stringent requirements on availability, resilience, performance, and security while ensuring interoperability with existing legacy public safety networks. Nokia's end-to-end service expertise helps to assure mission critical communications performance for high priority first responders across the entire LTE network, including radio, backhaul and core, for extreme reliability.
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