Babulis a medium to large tree, native to West Asia, can reach a height of 10 m, with an average of 4-7 m in height. This tree grows in dry regions like Haryana, Punjab, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and many more states of India. Babul seeds contain gum. Large quantities of extracted (degummed) babul seeds are available for feeding livestock. Babul seed extraction (meal) is available after extraction of oil from babul seeds. Babul seeds are separated from pods and are ground and available as babul seed chuni
Due to its particular smell, babul seeds are not palatable as such to animals. But it is consumed by animals when mixed with more palatable conventional feeds. Babul seeds and babul pods chuni can be used up to 15% level in the concentrate mixture of lactating cows. These can be included at 39% level in the concentrate mixture of crossbred calves (Punj, 1988). Babul seed chuni can be used up to 30, 45 and 15% level in the ration of growing calves, adult bullocks and lactating cows, respectively (Talpada et al., 2002). Patel et al. (1982) found that incorporation of processed babul seeds at 15, 30 and 45% level in ration of kankrej bullocks resulted in lower CP digestibility and lower retention of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus as compared to control. In scarcity period, babul pods and babul pods chuni can be used for feeding of animals to save the livestock. Babul pods must be ground before feeding to cattle, otherwise the seeds pass undigested with faeces.
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Background: Gutta-percha cones used directly from the manufacturer's sealed packs harbour micro-organisms. During clinical use, the chances of contamination of gutta-percha increases. Hence, disinfection of gutta-percha cones before use is essential to prevent canal recontamination.
Materials and methods: The extract of babul was used to assess its antimicrobial activity against E-faecalis, S. aureus and C. albicans using the agar diffusion method. A total of 120 cones acquired from freshly opened manufacturers' pack were cut into three equal parts and divided into group I which was directly placed into a nutrient broth, group II was clinically contaminated with gloves for 30 s and placed into a nutrient broth, and the third part was clinically contaminated with gloves and decontaminated for 5 min using the experimental disinfectants to check for the presence of turbidity.
Results: Two percent chlorhexidine showed maximum antibacterial action against E. faecalis and S. aureus followed by babul extract. It was also found more efficacious in decontaminating gutta-percha cones followed by babul and 3% sodium hypochlorite in 5 min.
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