Easiest way to setup Python on your computer is to install an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). There are many out there. The default one is
IDLE. IDLE is enough for most of the work. However there are others with good additional features.
Spyder is much better IDE. It supports many other features essentials when coding: static checking of code when you typing and pointing fingers at errors (even suggesting fixes), code high lightening, static checking etc. In short, it helps you avoid "silly" mistakes. Spyder is available for Windows/Linux/Mac. I'd strongly recommend to check it out if you are still not married to some other IDE.
Eclipse is a bulky one, but most feature rich IDE around. You can work in almost any language. Often used in industry, it is the first choice of programmers. You will need
PyDev plugin to make it work for Python.
VIM and linux-terminal are like light-sabers in the hand of Jedi knights, and pretty useless in the hand of a rookie. Those who have mastered vim and linux-terminal, do not like anything at all. It quite a time to learn vim but there is nothing more efficient (perhaps Emacs) in this universe than this editor. The possibilities are limitless in Linux-terminal.
If you have trouble installing any IDEs on your computer, do post
the issue on this forum. Here are some other IDEs you can use:
Sublime Text,
Eric5.
Python2 or Python3?
There are two implementation of Python: python2 and python3. Python3 is the present and future of the language. Python2 (python2.7 being the latest) is the last release in Python2 series. There are not much difference in both implementation.
We'll use Python3, but make sure that code works with Python2.7 also.