Types of Power ("Project Managers Power') - required for Exam

[Zaur Nuraliev]

Hi!

This is just to inform aspirants that you need to remember this classification for PMP exam.

 

It is taken from Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_communication)

& therefore in my opinion can not be recognized as "100% correct", but I suppose it is good to know or refresh if you already know it.

 

 

Social psychologists French and Raven developed five categories of power, postulating that power holders rely upon one or more types of power bases to achieve their goals. These bases include legitimate power, referent power, expert power, reward power, and coercive power. Although French and Raven’s power base attributes vary significantly, they each have the common touching characteristics.

Legitimate power

Power of an individual because of the position they hold. It is a formal power delegated by a higher source. It is more acceptable for these power sources to touch subordinates with a reassuring pat on the shoulder for a job well done. In addition, one establishes legitimate power by shaking hands in a specific manner

Referent power

Holders possess a more lasting power- the ability to persuade and influence others by simply being likable. Their power is based on charm, popularity, or attractive features. Referent power holders can be identified because they are often hugging friends, patting a coworkers hand for comfort, shaking hands frequently, or flirtatiously touching someone’s arm.

Expert power

Holders gain their power in an entirely different way. They hold the key to information and are highly sought after based on their skills or expertise. Their power differs from other power bases because it is specific to a profession or industry. These individuals use a lack of touch to assert non-verbal power or may be seen using touch in a condescending manner.

Reward power

This type of power is contingent on the ability of the power holder to dispense rewards such as raises, vacation, recognition, or promotions. Rewards can also be dispensed with a handshake or pat on the back. Recipients seeking rewards may engage in touch mirroring or ingratiation in an effort to elevate their chances of being well received and, subsequently, the recipient of coveted awards.

Coercive power

Coercive power is Machiavellian in nature and is the opposite of reward power. Individuals who hold this power can withhold rewards and control others through fear and manipulation. They exert power through bodily insulation or lack of touch, which according to DeVito, Guerrero, and Hecht (1990) “characteristically takes the form of civil inattention and may be occasioned by a subordinate’s inability to repel invasion directly” (p.182). They may use physical or violent touching to exert their control.

 

 

Good Luck,

Zaur from Moscow

[Gopal Sharma]

Thanks Zaur

 

One additional info.. pet Rita Mulcahy book ... Expert and Reward power are the best form of power followed by formal.... the worst form of power to be used by a manager is Coercive power.

 

Regards

Gopal

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Best Regards
Gopal Sharma
e-mail: gopal....@gmail.com

[Zaur Nuraliev]

Gopal, thank you for additional info! :)

[Leung Timothy]

Coercive Power --> Punishment

2009/9/8 Gopal Sharma <gopal....@gmail.com>

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