#443 AP book of science--- Connection between Venezuela having large oil reserves; Brazil 2nd largest Rare Earth deposits; South America having largest River on Earth// geology by Archimedes Plutonium

[Archimedes Plutonium]

I am still reeling from the fact that China has the world's largest deposits of Rare Earth Metals that are vital to make electricity by magnets. Electricity, after all, is the stripping of magnetic field of magnets and turning that into a electric current in the Faraday Law. If no magnets--- no electricity.

Dumb people in the world do not realize that magnets have Perpetual Motion as the electron of Atoms is the muon inside a proton torus thrusting through the proton torus in the Faraday law, producing electricity. This is how the Sun and Stars shine--- Faraday Law, not the stupid idea of a-lot of fusion. Although a tiny bit of fusion goes on in the Sun, over 90% of Sunshine comes from Faraday law inside every atom in the Sun.

So, well, the finest magnets in all the universe are made from Rare Earth Elements. Who controls those metals controls the destiny of humanity. What countries control those metals will be the superpower countries.

Not looking good for the USA, as my logo picture is a recent Scientific American report of what countries have the most Rare Earth deposits. China is #1 in Rare Earth, followed 2nd by Brazil.

And I am for the life of me trying to figure out GEOLOGICALLY why those countries have concentrations of Rare Earth Elements.

Now I see that Venezuela has the highest oil reserves on Earth, Brazil has the 2nd highest Rare Earth metals on Earth. And we all know, South America has the largest and greatest River on Earth.

So is there a connection to all three of those parameters--- Oil, Rare Earth's, Amazon River???????????

AP, King of Science

#443 AP book of science--- Connection between Venezuela having large oil reserves; Brazil 2nd largest Rare Earth deposits; South America having largest River on Earth// geology  by Archimedes Plutonium

[Archimedes Plutonium]

p

pp

--- quoting a Google search of Internet for largest oil reserves---

AI Overview
A look at the countries with the largest oil reserves and why ...
Top oil reserve countries: Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada ...
Venezuela has the world's most oil: Why doesn't it earn more ...
Venezuela Has the Largest Oil Reserves on Earth 🇻🇪 - Voronoi
Top 10 countries with the largest reserves of crude oil in ...
View all
Venezuela holds the world's largest proven oil reserves, with around 303 billion barrels, primarily extra-heavy crude in the Orinoco Belt, followed by Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Iraq. Despite its vast reserves, Venezuela's actual production is limited by technical challenges, sanctions, and investment issues, notes U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Top Countries by Proven Oil Reserves (approximate figures):
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Flag_of_Venezuela_%28state%29.svg
Venezuela: ~303 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg
Saudi Arabia: ~267 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/255px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png
Iran: ~209 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg
Iraq: ~145 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/1280px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png
United Arab Emirates: ~113 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Flag_of_Kuwait_%283-2%29.svg
Kuwait: ~102 billion barrels
Russia: ~80 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg
Libya: ~48 billion barrels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg
United States: ~48 billion barrels
Nigeria: ~38 billion barrels
Key Considerations:
Type of Oil: Much of Venezuela's oil is heavy crude, which is harder and more expensive to extract than light crude, notes Al Jazeera.
Production vs. Reserves: Having large reserves doesn't always mean high production; factors like infrastructure, technology, and politics play a huge role, as seen with Venezuela.
Trump wants Venezuela's oil. Will his plan work? - BBC
With an estimated 303 billion barrels, Venezuela is home to the world's largest proven oil reserves. But the amount of oil the cou...

BBC

Trump says US is taking control of Venezuela's oil reserves ... - CNN
Venezuela has about a fifth of the world's proven crude oil reserves. Venezuela leads all countries with 303 billion barrels of pr...

CNN

Venezuela - EIA
Petroleum and other liquids. Venezuela had the world's largest proven crude oil reserves in 2023 with approximately 303 billion ba...

U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) (.gov)


Worldometer
https://www.worldometers.info › oil › oil-reserves-by-c...
Oil Reserves by Country ; 1, Venezuela, 299,953,000,000, 18.17% ; 2, Saudi Arabia, 266,578,000,000, 16.15%.Read more
People also ask
Which country has the largest oil reserves?
Who has the most untouched oil?
Who has more oil, Texas or Alaska?
Who owns the oil fields in Venezuela?
Feedback
List of countries by proven oil reserves

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › List_of_countries_by_...
For instance, North America has over 3 trillion barrels of shale oil reserves, and the majority of oil produced in the US is from shale, leading to the ...
Top stories


CNN
Trump says US is taking control of Venezuela’s oil reserves. Here’s what it means
2 days ago


Reuters
Venezuela's oil and mining sectors: large potential, weak infrastructure
9 hours ago


The New York Times
Reviving Venezuela’s Flow of Oil Will Not Come Easily or Cheaply
7 hours ago


ABC News
'Massive' Venezuelan oil reserve would pose challenges for US firms, experts say
4 hours ago


Fortune
Trump’s strike on Venezuela gives the U.S. 30% of the world’s oil reserves on paper and a $100 billion rebuilding job in reality
2 hours ago
Also in the news


CBS News
U.S. seeks to tap Venezuela's vast oil reserves after military strikes. Here's what to know.
3 hours ago


USA Today
Inside Venezuela's rich oil and gold reserves: See maps and charts
5 hours ago
More news
All of the World's Oil Reserves by Country, in One ...

Visual Capitalist
https://www.visualcapitalist.com › all-of-the-worlds-oil-...
7 days ago — Four Countries Dominate Global Oil Reserves ; 1, Venezuela, 303,221 ; 2, Saudi Arabia, 267,200 ; 3, Iran, 208,600 ; 4, Canada, 163,000.Read more
Oil Reserves by Country 2025

World Population Review
https://worldpopulationreview.com › country-rankings
Venezuela has the largest amount of oil reserves in the world with more than 300 billion barrels in reserve. Saudi Arabia has the second-largest amount of oil ...Read more
What people are saying

1:26
Venezuela is sitting on the biggest known oil reserve in the world - so why hasn't that translated into production, and why is the US so interested? CNN's Rafael Romo explains. Read more at the link in our bio.
10K+ likes · 21 hours ago


cnn
Instagram

"The world's largest proven oil reserves, tantalizing as they seem, may come with more risk than reward for the US oil giants, energy-industry watchers told CNN," writes Elisabeth Buchwald | Analysis https://cnn.it/4qEsbUZ
60+ reactions · 1 day ago


CNN · LinkedIn
Company

All of the World’s Oil Reserves by Country, in One Visualization 🛢️ https://www.visualcapitalist.com/all-of-the-worlds-oil-reserves-by-country-in-one-visualization/
240+ reactions · 6 hours ago


visualcapitalist · Facebook
Data-driven visual content publisher

Venezuela holds world's largest crude oil reserves: > 300B bpd (nearly 1/5 of world's proven reserves); despite this, Venezuela's oil production is relatively small, and has seen a sharp decrease in past decade; due in part to country's declining oil infrastructure, which has suffered from a lack of investment, but also to the sanctions imposed by U.S. from January 2019 during Venezuelan presidential crisis; today, Venezuela produces < 1M bpd; comparatively, U.S. produces > 20M bpd, and Saudi Arabia just under 11M; Venezuela exports most of its oil production to China @StatistaCharts
8 hours ago

Venezuela holds the world’s largest proven crude oil reserves in 2024, accounting for around one fifth of global supply, according to data from OPEC. The country is estimated to have 303 billion barrels of proven reserves. The Trump administration has repeat
3.4K+ reactions · 1 day ago

Trump says the US will look to tap Venezuela's oil. Venezuela has the most oil reserves, but only accounts for 1% of global production. https://bit.ly/4pqWTQt
1 day ago


Business Insider · LinkedIn
Online media company

Venezuela holds nearly 300 BILLION barrels of oil — the largest proven oil reserve on Earth. 🌍 More than any other country, Venezuela’s underground wealth has made it a strategic focal point for global energy, geopolitics, and power dynamics. From internati
1.9K+ reactions · 1 day ago


Facebook
Ten countries with the largest oil reserves (2024) 1. Venezuela 🇻🇪: 303.2bn b 2. Saudi Arabia 🇸🇦: 267.2bn b 3. Iran 🇮🇷: 208.6bn b 4. Iraq 🇮🇶: 145bn b 5. United Arab Emirates 🇦🇪: 113bn b 6. Kuwait 🇰🇼: 101.5bn b 7. Russia 🇷🇺: 80bn b 8. Libya 🇱🇾: 48.4bn b 9. United States 🇺🇸: 45bn b 10. Nigeria 🇳🇬: 37.3bn b b: barrels <World Population Review> #TheCableIndex
10+ likes · 8 hours ago


Venezuela oil grab: Why Trump wants to ‘be repaid’ with world’s biggest petroleum reserves
8 reactions · 54 minutes ago


malaymaildotcom · Facebook
Online news portal in Kuala Lumpur

1:06
🚨 Breaking: U.S. strikes Venezuela 🇻🇪 World’s largest oil reserves under attack - what does this mean for crude prices, minerals & India’s energy security? 🛢️🌍 #breakingnews #venezuela #crudeoil #commodity #naturalresources
2.3K+ likes · 2 days ago


ca_rachanaranade · Instagram
Finance educator & chartered accountant
🌍 Who Hosts Large Oil Reserves?🛢️ • 🇻🇪 Venezuela — 303 billion barrels (largest proven reserves in the world) • 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia — 267 • 🇨🇦 Canada — ~159 • 🇺🇸 United States — ~81 • 🇷🇺 Russia — ~80 • 🇱🇾 Libya — ~48 • 🇳🇬 Nigeria — ~38 (NYT)
9 likes · 8 hours ago

--- end quoting a Google search for largest oil reserves---

ppp

AP writes:: Now I do not know how far back in geological time I can go and say the Amazon River was the largest River in the world. I can say that such a environment is conducive to much Plant life that becomes oil. So there is a connection with large oil deposit and largest River.

But can I connect up with Rare Earth deposits and large river???

Certainly, China has the world's largest Rare Earth deposits and China does have immense rivers.

AP, King of Science

[Archimedes Plutonium]

p

pp

--- quoting a Google Search of who owns the largest Rare Earth deposits on Earth---

AI Overview
Where Are the World's Rare Earth Metals? - Voronoi
Reserves of rare earth metals in the world as of 2021 : r/MapPorn
Ukraine Needs U.S. Weapons. Trump Wants Its Rare Earth ...
What are rare earth metals and what are they used for? - CGTN
Rare Earth Elements: Where in the World Are They?
View all
China holds the world's largest rare earth deposits, followed by Brazil, India, Australia, and Russia, with significant reserves also in Vietnam, the U.S., Greenland, and Canada, though China dominates both reserves and processing,..

Here's a breakdown of top countries by reserves (in million metric tons, approx. 2024/2025 estimates):

China: ~44 million tonnes

Brazil: ~21 million tonnes

India: ~6.9 million tonnes

Australia: ~5.7 million tonnes

Russia: ~3.8 million tonnes

Vietnam: ~3.5 million tonnes

United States: ~1.9 million tonnes
Greenland: ~1.5 million tonnes
Canada: ~0.83 million tonnes
Key Points
Concentration: China possesses nearly half the world's rare earth reserves and dominates processing, notes Natural Resources Canada.
Production vs. Reserves: Countries like Brazil and Vietnam have large reserves but low current production, while the U.S. has significant reserves but relies heavily on imports for refined materials, 
Rare-Earth Reserves by Country 2025 - World Population Review
Rare Earth Reserves Rare Earth Production. Rare Earth Reserves (t) 0. 5M. 10M. 15M. 20M. 25M. 30M. 35M. 40M. 45M. 5 Countries with...

World Population Review

Visualizing the World's Rare Earth Reserves - Visual Capitalist
Visualizing global rare earth reserves: China dominates with nearly half, Brazil follows, but the U.S. holds just 2% of the total.

Visual Capitalist

World - Rare Earth Reserves (USGS Estimates) - MacroMicro
Global reserves are concentrated in China, Brazil, India, Vietnam, Australia, Russia, the US, Canada, and Greenland. China holds n...

Visualizing the World's Rare Earth Reserves

Nov 25, 2025 — Visualizing global rare earth reserves: China dominates with nearly half, Brazil follows, but the U.S. holds just 2% of the total.
People also ask
Which country has the most rare earth deposits?
What country controls 97% of the rare earth elements?
Does the US have rare earth deposits?
Where do 98% of rare earth minerals come from?

Rare-Earth Reserves by Country 2025

World Population Review
https://worldpopulationreview.com › country-rankings

China, the world's dominant source of rare earth materials, ranks first in rare earth reserves, holding about 44 million metric tons. Brazil ranks second with ...Read more
Questions & answers
Quora
Question
What country has the largest deposits of rare earth element ores?
Answer · 26 votes
8 Top Rare Earth-producing Countries 1. China Mine production: 105,000 MT China has dominated rare earths production for a number of years. In 2016, its production of 105,000 MT was unchanged from the previous year. In the first nine months of the year, the Asian nation exported 32,500 MT of rare earths, up 50 percent from the same period in 2015. Though it has a key role in the rare earths space, China has long had problems with illegal rare earths mining. Industrial Minerals reported in January 2017 that the country has until April to “crack down on illegal mining.” Inspections are taking place in a number of Chinese provinces, and if they show that a company’s sales and output do not correspond, production will be cut off and quotas will be deducted. China is expected

Quora
Question
What country on earth has the most rare earth minerals?
Answer · 26 votes
8 Top Rare Earth-producing Countries 1. China Mine production: 105,000 MT China has dominated rare earths production for a number of years. In 2016, its production of 105,000 MT was unchanged from the previous year. In the first nine months of the year, the Asian nation exported 32,500 MT of rare earths, up 50 percent from the same period in 2015. Though it has a key role in the rare earths space, China has long had problems with illegal rare earths mining. Industrial Minerals reported in January 2017 that the country has until April to “crack down on illegal mining.” Inspections are taking place in a number of Chinese provinces, and if they show that a company’s sales and output do not correspond, production will be cut off and quotas will be deducted. China is expected

Question
Excerpt: Four of the top five founding members of the BRICS alliance hold a combined 75.7 million metric tons of rare earth minerals... ....On the contrary, the US holds only 1.9 million metric tons of the rare earth reserves. The US is far behind and now depends on other countries for resources. ---- BRICS member China dominates the list, controlling the majority of the rare earth minerals. China holds a staggering 44 million metric tons, having the world’s biggest reserves. The Communist country is now leveraging its resources to dictate trade terms and policies with the US and other Western countries. Also, BRICS member Brazil comes second with 21 million metric tons of the rare earth minerals. India is in the third spot, holding 6.9 million metric tons of materials. Russia also holds 3.8 million metric tons, owing to a vast reserve of natural resources. To make up for its deficits, the US is now partnering with Australia, Canada, Japan, Thailand, and Cambodia, among others, to secure the resources. These deals come under the US Minerals Security Partnership and are a well-thought-out plan to reduce China’s dependency. China has long been dominating the rare earth minerals sector, and the US is now competing. BRICS country China recently tightened its supply of rare earth minerals to the US after the trade wars. The next generation will be defined by how these countries use the minerals for their advancement. The US is also looking at exploring deals with other countries in Asia to expand its resources.
Answer · 2 votes
US is not partnering with anyone. Bullying some, trying to bully others. Playing hurt when it doesnt work. Putting the spoils in trumps pocket when it does. The world is ready when the tantrum is over.

We appear to be on the verge of another primitive accumulation drive/re-colonization of the world. To secure its survival, capitalism will dump all the liberal and democratic values it pretends to uphold. Their leadership is not even subtle about it. Dehumanising the communities who stand in the way justifies their battering-ram approach to expropriation.

Where are most of the world's rare earths produced, and what is the percent of world production?
Answer · 0 votes
China produces about 97% of the world's rare earths. The largest mine is in Bayan Obo, China, which alone produces 45% of world output.

According to recent data, which three countries have the largest rare earth oxide (REO) reserves in the world?

China, Brazil and India According to recent 2025 data, the three countries with the largest rare earth oxide (REO) reserves are China, Brazil, and India. India has the world’s third-largest rare earth reserves with about 6.9 million tonnes of Rare Earth Oxide (REO). It ranks after China with 44 million tonnes and Brazil with 21 million tonnes of reserves. Despite this, India produced only 2,900 tonnes of rare earths in 2024, ranking seventh globally. China led production with 270,000 tonnes, followed by the United States with 45,000 tonnes. India holds 6–7% of global reserves but contributes less than 1% of global production.

Engineering Stack Exchange
Question
Closed. This question is opinion-based. It is not currently accepting answers. Want to improve this question? Because this question may lead to opinionated discussion, debate, and answers, it has been closed. You may edit the question if you feel you can improve it so that it requires answers that include facts and citations or a detailed explanation of the proposed solution. If edited, the question will be reviewed and might be reopened. Closed 5 years ago. Improve this question • Why exactly isn't the US mining and producing its own rare earth metals (REEs)? I'm baffled by the mixed messages below. Because China uniquely possesses some REEs? US safeguards against pollution more than China? US would take too much time or is inefficient to establish its own production? • Can the US gainfully do so? How long would the US need to self-rely? I know of the Mountain Pass mine in California, Canada, Australia's Mount Weld and Lynas Corp's processing facility in Malayasia and Brazil, Vietnam, and Russia. Pentagon in talks with Australia on rare earths plant : geopolitics There is a large subsection of rare earth materials that are not found outside of China in any mining development. There's I believe a list of 18 and Australia's Lynas only has about 5-6 iirc, and altogether the world can't cobble all 18 together without relying on China. Rare Earths in the US-China Trade War : geopolitics There's no suppliers outside China. There are potential minerals deep in some countries with no technology or existing extraction operation. United States implements Energy Resource Governance Initiative (ERGI) with countries such as Australia, Peru, Argentina, Namibia and the Philippines to limit China's control of rare earth minerals : geopolitics It is not the source of supply that matters but the extraction and refining tech that help China dominate. The supply still have to be sent to China for processing. Pentagon legislation seeks to end US dependence on Chinese rare earth metals : wallstreetbets • REMs actually aren't that rare, despite their name. Japan recently found deposits that could basically supply Earth from now to infinity. The US has huge deposits as well. • The US already has infrastructure in place. Before China undercut the market, the US actually supplied the world with most of the REMs needed from mining at Mountain Pass. Mountain Pass still exists and has output shutdown because China didn't make it profitable, but the point is that it still exists and infrastructure is already there. In theory, we could just start it up again without needing too much more investment. • REMs can easily be recycled. In fact, this is what Apple does out of environmental concerns and to hopefully reach a point where REMs never have to be mined for again: • The US and even private companies have some stockpiles of REMs to hold out in the short term if there were disruptions in REM supplies. When you combine Mountain Pass, the ability to recycle REMs, and REM reserves, there's very little strategic gain for China to cut supplies. It'll just encourage development in other countries and shifting of sourcing to places like Japan. The US would just fire up Mountain Pass again. China would lose market share. In fact, China already tried to restrict REM supplies earlier in the 2010s; it wasn't effective at all. enronCoin. 11 points 10 months ago You definitely aren’t wrong, but maybe you’re underestimating the fact that China has 1/3 of the world rare earth reserves and 40x as much untapped supply as the US. Who can produce at the lowest cost? Probably China, where rare earth is abundant and labor is cheap. LukeSkyWRx. 12 points 10 months ago* They are also the only ones that will separate the ores as it is a really nasty process with vats of acid and tons of toxic chemical waste. Look up lake Baotou in China, that is where lots of China’s rare earths come from and where they pump the waste when they are done.  it could be done ‘clean’ if there were some incentive to do so. Since lots of the deposits in the US have a bunch of Thorium in them as well they are heavily regulated similar to uranium mining. With that extra burden most deposits are uneconomical to extract. China Mouthpiece on Twitter says they may stop Rare Earth sales to US. : wallstreetbets The reason why China and REMs are always mentioned in the same sentence is because China pulled an Amazon and undercut their competitors with government subsidies to dominate the market. You can find other sources but they cost much more, mainly because they don’t have people backing them trying to monopolize the entire industry. This is actually a blessing in disguise. We need more neodymium if we ever want to fulfill a dream of renewable energy overtaking coal and gas. Just like any business, people follow the money, and we know the US is sitting on mountains (literally) of resources waiting to be mined and used. Provided domestic industry gets some help I can see this blowing up in China’s face.

Answer · 3 votes
There's an adage spoken by some in the minerals industry ... "gold is you find it". That adage is equally applicable to all mineral commodities, including rare earth elements (REE). Rare earth elements are not particularly rare, they are found throughout the Earth's crust. The trouble is, their concentrations within the crust are very low. Mineral resources are classified as either mineral deposits or ore reserves. The difference between the two is economics. Ore reserves are mineral deposits that can be mined for a profit. This includes the costs of geological exploration, evaluation, mining, subsequent processing (sometimes primary and secondary) and marketing/sales. What makes REEs regarded as being rare is they are rarely found in large concentrations that would make them economical to mine. This is a quirk of geology. As is stated, China contains the largest reserves of REEs, with smaller deposits occurring in a small number of countries. That's just mother nature! The other …

"Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of elements called 'rare earth metals.' Why? 1. China, which is the largest producer of these elements, has imposed some restrictions on their export. 2. Other than China, Australia, Canada and Chile, these elements are not found in any country. 3. Rare earth metals are essential for the manufacture of various kinds of electronic items and there is a growing demand for these elements. Which of the statements given above is are correct?"

 Key Points Rare Earth Metals: Rare Earth Elements or Rare Earth Metals are a set of 17 chemical elements in the periodic table — the 15 lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium, which tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides, and have similar chemical properties. The 17 Rare Earths are cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), holmium (Ho), lanthanum (La), lutetium (Lu), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and yttrium (Y). Application: These elements are important in technologies of consumer electronics, computers and networks, communications, clean energy, advanced transportation, healthcare, environmental mitigation, and national defense, among others. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Scandium is used in televisions and fluorescent lamps, and yttrium is used in drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. R…

Feb 5, 2025 — China is the top producer of rare earths and also holds the largest rare earths reserves. Which other countries made the list?Read more
Rare-earth element

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Rare-earth_element
As of 2025, the US and Myanmar produce the second- and third-highest amounts of REEs, but Brazil and India have the second- and third-largest reserves of the ...Read more


Global distribution of rare earth mineral reserves by country, with China holding the largest share, followed by Brazil, India, Australia, and Russia Source: Visual Capitalist https://visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-the-worlds-rare-earth-reserv


Rare Earth Element Production by Country🌏 Nearly 70% of the world's rare earth elements now come from a single country: China.


Top Rare Earth Reserves 2024: 1. China44.0M🇨🇳. 2. Brazil21.0M🇧🇷. 3. India6.9M🇮🇳. 4. Australia5.7M🇦🇺. 5. Russia3.8M🇷🇺. 6. Vietnam3.5M🇻🇳. 7. USA1.9M🇺🇸. 8. Greenland1.5M🇬🇱. 9. Tanzania0.9M🇹🇿. 10. SouthAfrica0.9M🇿🇦.

A Gold Mine of Rare Earth Metals: 10 Countries Controlling Key Resources. Rare earth elements are the foundation of modern technology. They make smartphones, electric cars, wind turbines, and other tech work. Below is a list of the ten countries that own th
Popular comment · As far as I remember, the main cost of rare earth elements isn't in the ore itself, but in the super complex and expensive process of processing, extracting, and purifying those elements. And the ore itself, well, nobody really needs it. It's found in a lot of places.


Top5 Countries in Global RARE EARTH Reserves 1. China: 48.9% 2. Brazil: 23.3% 3. India: 7.7% 4. Australia: 6.3% 5. Russia: 4.2% India has 3rd largest reserves in the world yet it has less than 1% share in global mining output. 

Visual of the Week 🥇 China holds 44M metric tons of rare earth reserves, with Brazil next at 21M. Altogether, the top six countries control about four-fifths of the world’s known reserves ⛏️ 

Countries ranked by reserves of rare earth minerals. China, Brazil and India top the list for now. Turkey may be the new #3. 
Kanthan2030 · X
Geopolitical analyst

Malaysia might be sitting on rare earth deposits worth up to RM800 billion. These are the minerals that power electric cars, smartphones, data centres and even wind turbines. So why are we not digging it up Because rare earths are not really “rare.” They are just hard to extract without destroying the environment. Malaysia learned this the hard way once, and that legacy still shapes how we treat anything radioactive or toxic today. Right now the government is taking a slow and cautious road No mining in sensitive forest areas A ban on raw rare earth exports More mapping before any large scale extraction And a push to build downstream industries instead of just shipping out raw material We could profit. But we could also poison ourselves if we rush it. This is the real reason Malaysia’s rare earth story is more complicated than it sounds.

Rare earths are crucial for modern technology and green energy, as they are found in smartphones, electric vehicles, wind turbines, and military equipment. The total global rare earth reserves are estimated to be around 130 million tons.​ 

Rare earth elements are indispensable for producing a wide array of high-tech products, including smartphones, computers, electric vehicles and more. China was in the lead position in the rare earth reserves in 2024. Countries like Brazil, India, Australia and t
5 reactions · Oct 15, 2025

--- end quoting a Google Search of Rare Earth deposits by countries---

ppp

AP writes: Reading the above, I cannot help but think that where there are great rivers, there seems to be large Rare Earth deposits.

AP