364th AP book of science-- SLEEP what it is for and how it works and by age 65, you need at least 12 hours of sleep a-night // Physiology + Medical Science by Archimedes Plutonium This is AP's 364th published book of science published on Internet
Archimedes Plutonium
SLEEP what it is for and how it works and by age 65, you need at least 12 hours of sleep a-night // Physiology + Medical Science
by Archimedes Plutonium
This is AP's 364th published book of science published on Internet, Plutonium-Atom-Universe,
PAU newsgroup is this.
https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!forum/plutonium-atom-universe
Preface: Important part of everyone's life is sleep. About 1/3 of our life is spent indulging in sleep. It is shown that without sleep, you die. Yet we know so little about the necessity of sleep. With recent research into sleep being published in several science magazines; I thought it wise to give my take on sleep.
Cover picture: My iphone photograph of September 2025, Scientific American, page 69 showing the glymphatic system of the brain.
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Table of Contents
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Part 1: Physics Quantum Mechanics involved in understanding sleep.
Part 2: Article in Science News, Feb2025 of an overall review of research on why we need sleep.
Part 3: Article in The Economist, 19July2025 saying that damaged mitochondria in the brain may drive the urge to sleep.
Part 4: Article in Scientific American Sept2025 reviewing the history of the "glymphatic system" of the brain that goes to cleaning up and cleaning out waste in the brain titled "Brain Washing".
Part 5: Phytochromes related to function of sleep.
Part 6: Observations of mine on sleep.
Part 7: My argument that by age 65, you need about 12 hours sleep per night.
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Part 1: Physics Quantum Mechanics involved in understanding sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 29, 2025, 8:24:39 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
This book comes in a 7 part structure.
1st Part is a review of Brain Locus theory where a single element is the antennae or overall antennae that receives Light Wave messages from the Atom Totality and lets us think. Such a antennae needs about 8 hours of sleep per night for humans to focus for another day.
2nd Part is a article in Science News, Feb2025 of an overall review of research on why we need sleep.
3rd Part is a article in The Economist, 19July2025 saying that damaged mitochondria in the brain may drive the urge to sleep.
4th Part is a article in Scientific American Sept2025 reviewing the history of the "glymphatic system" of the brain that goes to cleaning up and cleaning out waste in the brain titled "Brain Washing".
5th Part comes from recent research work of mine on the PBS dinosaur series "Walking With Dinosaurs" I happened to come across research facts about angiosperms in that these plants need nighttime in order to grow new tissue and reverse gases intake and output switching from photosynthesis and CO2 intake to that of O2 with growth at night. This process has the name phytochromes. This is a process where nighttime the plants need that time to grow new structure. And although humans and animals are not plants, I wager that some process similar to phytochromes for plants occurs in animals. Where sleep is not a cleansing and removal of waste, but more like a time to grow structure that is not feasible during the daytime.
6th Part is observations I made through the years about sleeping and especially going to sleep when I want to go to sleep.
7th Part is my argument that as we reach the age of 65, we need at minimum 12 hours of sleep, not the traditional notion of 8 hours.
Some may find it surprising that the most mysterious parts of Physics Quantum Mechanics speaks to such a simple exercise of sleeping, as I discuss Superdeterminism and Brain Locus Theory.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 30, 2025, 3:53:22 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Part 1 is a review of Brain Locus Theory that comes out of Superdeterminism of Plutonium Atom Totality. Most readers reading this think it is fringe science, highly speculative. They are sadly mistaken for it is as solid of science because it is Quantum Mechanics and comes directly out of Quantum Mechanics often called quantum entanglement. Those who know Physics and know that physics is quantum mechanics, will understand that the Mind and Thoughts of the Mind comes out of Quantum Mechanics which Necessitates Superdeterminism.
Simple Test:: Look at something, and ask yourself, how fast is thinking? How fast can you form ideas upon seeing something? Can you form an idea as fast as you can "see something"??? Yes of course, your mind can form an idea as fast as you can see something. And what this proves is that the Mind with Ideas is an electromagnetic machine that operates from physics electromagnetism. It does not operate from chemical energy for that takes too long. It does not operate from sound energy for that takes too long. Every thought that comes to your mind -- can be-- at the speed of light from electromagnetic energy--- Light Wave energy.
There is an old saying "Seeing is believing". And now we have another saying allied to that old saying. "Thinking and Ideas is seeing at the speed of Light, because ideas and thoughts are Light Waves".
The main purpose of Sleep needed by all animals, is because thoughts and Mind have at Least One Atom as the primal antenna of the animal. One atom serves as the main antenna receiver. Probably every DNA molecule in an animal has antennae, perhaps phosphorus, Element 15, the heaviest element in DNA, serves as the antenna for the DNA molecule.
Take-away:: (1) Thoughts and ideas come at the speed of light (2) Thoughts and Ideas are the decoding of Light Waves that strike upon the animal body antennae (3) Thoughts and Ideas are mostly 0ut-of-Body messages from the Cosmos, although the animal body can generate some thoughts and ideas within the body itself. (4) Sleep is needed for animals to daily restore this complex electromagnetic machinery, both in waste removal but also in repositioning and focusing all these antennae.
--- quoting my 8th book of science---
Brain=Mind=Radio-Receiver=Superdeterminism// physics-psychology series, book 1
by Archimedes Plutonium
Last revision was 23Jan2022. And this is AP's 8th book of Science.
Preface: This book is difficult to read because it started as my research notebook into the Mind being out of body messages sent from Control Center of Atom Totality. All because quantum mechanics physics is based on Superdeterminism as quantum entanglement. So starting 2007 I started to list all the experiments to prove the Mind was out of body, and thus the science of psychology was out of body. Difficult to read because this research is ongoing and I often as a practice in research stop and start with ideas and pick them up later again.
Psychologists no longer need to find out how the brain and mind works, for this theory explains it. Old Psychology was that of chemicals sloshing around in a brain. New Psychology is that of photons and neutrinos in physics shot from the Control Center of the Atom Totality instructing and guiding every thought of living creatures.
This is undoubtedly one of my prettiest theories and one of my prettiest books. The reason I say pretty is because it comes totally out of the blue and 180 degrees opposite of where all the scientists figuring out how the mind works. All the scientists working on "the mind" think that the mind comes from chemistry sloshing around in the brain, inside the head. I say 180 degrees opposite, that the mind comes from "out of the body". The Brain Locus theory says every thought, and every action comes from the Control Center of the Atom Totality via photons or neutrinos shot into every brain and ordering up that
"thought". In the Brain Locus theory the mind is like a radio receiver that picks up radio messages. The chemistry of the brain and head then respond to the thought of the mind.
All thoughts and thus all actions were ordered up by the Protons and Neutrons which makes up the Plutonium Atom Totality Control Center which then assembles that "thought" into a photon or neutrino which is shot into the brain of the recipient and thus committed to fulfill that "thought".
A big surprise in this research occurred in 2021, where I posited that the 1st brain of the body is likely to be the Liver, not the brain itself and the brain a secondary organ to the liver. So the reader can see this is active research and difficult to read.
Cover Picture: My own graphics of a human head showing its brain as a radio or TV antennae. I took some tracing paper and then used a background that looks like skin as to made a effect of a 3 dimensional head.
Table of Contents
1) My history of this subject.
2) The Brain Locus theory in a world of Superdeterminism.
3) Experiments with amnesia and epilepsy.
4) Experiments on size of brain as per Brain Locus theory.
5) Location of Brain Locus in humans, at first I thought it was somewhere in brain, by 2021 place it in liver.
6) Experiments with Dystonia.
7) Wasp experiments.
8) Experiments in consciousness.
9) Sea squirts eat their brain once they find a permanent home.
10) ECT, electro-convulsion therapy in Brain Locus theory.
11) Definition of life versus non-life in a Brain Locus theory.
12) Is DNA/RNA itself miniature radio-tv receivers?
13) Relationship of Polarization and Antenna.
14) Does an excellent radio-tv antenna require metal?
15) Sleep and REM, rapid eye movement experiments.
16) Review of John Bell's Superdeterminism theory of quantum mechanics.
17) News that the liver is likely the seat of Brain Locus theory.
--- end quoting my 8th book of science---
--- quoting my 69th book of science ---
Location of Brain Locus in Brain Locus Theory// physics-psychology series, book 2
by Archimedes Plutonium
Last revision was 19Jan2022. And this is AP's 69th published book of science.
Preface:
In my first book of this series, I discussed the Brain Locus theory how the brain is a radio receiver and thinking is really an out-of-body experience, and a radio receiver has a crucial material called the crystal. Here in this 2nd book I want to explore where this crystal is actually located in the brain that lets us, and forces us to "think". In the first book of this series I made the analogy to a Radio, here I do the TV as the analogy. These two books are physics of thinking and is the ultimate of advanced psychology.
Sorry, this is my research notebook turned into a book and there are going to be many changes as new research comes to light in the future. And already a major development occurred concerning this book of 2019, for by 2021, I had to shift the location of brain-locus theory from out of the brain, to being in the liver. There are going to be many changes in a active researched science such as the Brain Locus theory and its location, and hopefully I can keep abreast of all the developments.
Cover Picture is a iphone photo off my computer of a Google search of where the Brain Stem and Thalamus are located in the brain. Maybe by 2022, I should have made the cover picture be the liver, but in active research such as this, it is best to let time settle the issues.
Table of Contents
1) My history on this subject matter.
2) The first book of this psychology-physics series is about Superdeterminism.
3) Just where is the location of Brain Locus in animals? Is it the eyes?
4) Change the analogy from Radio Receiver to TV set in Brain Locus theory.
5) Is the Brain Stem the location of Brain Locus in Humans?
6) By 2021, the focus shifted to the liver as the location of Brain Locus.
7) Science News 4Dec2021 "Brainless sponges may have echoes of a nervous system".
--- end quoting my 69th book of science---
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 12:16:46 AM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
This is a book about sleep, not one about Superdeterminism and Quantum Mechanics.
But then, to require sleep for animals has to go to understanding physics Quantum Mechanics and this concept called Superdeterminism.
In 1964, a engineer John Bell introduced into physics a mathematical inequality that if a experiment is set up, could tell if the world is governed by Quantum Mechanics, not only in the small microscopic realm of the world but whether Quantum Mechanics covers the entire Universe. The question was, was the Newton Einstein world view correct, or, was the world totally governed by Quantum Mechanics?
One would think that physics, especially as erudite and abstract as quantum mechanics would say little to nothing about why animals need sleep. But then, consider again, it probably explains most of why animals require sleep.
---quoting from my 148th book---
...
...
20) Bell Inequality is true and thus the Universe is quantum mechanical-- meaning it is the inside of an atom.
Of the list of 9 major evidences supporting the Atom Totality, I now delve into (2) Bell Inequality that showed that Bohr's Quantum Mechanics was true but that Einstein's physics of General Relativity was false. Here again, the Universe is Quantum Mechanical which means the Universe is a structure, or cavity, or a container of sorts and thus implying Atomic, which means the Universe is a single big atom.
Now the Bell Inequality along with CMBR (Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation) are cosmic features of quantum mechanics, meaning the Universe has to be an Atom to sustain these quantum features. In CMBR, the single Cosmic Atom is a large container or Structure of this cosmic atom. And the Bell Inequality is further evidence that the Cosmos is quantum, not the Structureless BBEGR.
Now this theory of the Bell Inequality seems totally off the deep end. But only for a second. Because if you start learning about John Bell, Einstein/Rosen/Podalsky and Bohr, you start learning how Einstein with BBEGR (Big Bang Einstein General Relativity nonsense) was found wrong against Bohr and Bell with Quantum Mechanics dominating the physics of the Universe.
The John Bell Inequality which decided EPR-thought- experiment. Was Einstein correct or was Quantum Mechanics correct?
What Bell found out after Aspect did the experiments, is that QM was
correct and Einstein was wrong. BBEGR is wrong.
But then the interpretation of Bell Inequality had begun. And what
Bell concluded was that there was just one way in which to get rid of
speed faster than light and the Bell experiment to hold true. Bell,
found one way to solve the problem-- Superdeterminism.
--- quoting what Archimedes Plutonium gave as a Wikipedia entry on
Superdeterminism --
SUPERDETERMINISM
Physicist John S. Bell as
referenced by http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_S._Bell is noted
mostly for his Bell Inequality Theorem which shows us that Quantum
Physics is not just restricted to the microworld but that Quantum
Physics stretches clear across the Cosmos. John Bell not only
discovered the Inequality for which experimental physicists such as
Alain Aspect could then test to see if Quantum Mechanics stretches
across the Cosmos, but one of John Bell's contributions to science is
rarely noted. And John Bell does not discuss this contribution in
printed material but seems to have conveyed it on the BBC television
in interviews. It is my opinion that the concept of Superdeterminism
is John Bell's finest contribution to physics, and much more important
than his Bell Inequality, even though it required his Inequality to
come to his concept of Superdeterminism. As far as I know from the
history of physics, the concept of Superdeterminism begins with John
Bell because it requires John Bell's Inequality Theorem. And the
concept of Superdeterminism is probably John Bell's greatest single
contribution to science.
Here is John Bell defining what Superdeterminism is:
--- Bell stated on the BBC ---
"There is a way to escape the inference of superluminal speeds and
spooky action at a distance. But it (Superdeterminism) involves
absolute determinism in the universe, the complete absence of free
will. Suppose the world is super-deterministic, with not just
inanimate nature running on behind-the-scenes clockwork, but with our
behavior, including our belief that we are free to choose to do one experiment rather than another, absolutely predetermined, including the "decision" by the experimenter to carry out one set of measurements rather than another, the difficulty disappears.
There is no need for a faster than light signal to tell particle A what
measurement has been carried out on particle B, because the universe,
including particle A, already "knows" what that measurement, and its
outcome, will be."
--- end Bell quote ---
--- further statement by John Bell to the BBC on Superdeterminism ---
"The only alternative to quantum probabilities, superpositions of
states, collapse of the wavefunction, and spooky action at a distance,
is that everything is superdetermined. For me it is a dilemma. I think
it is a deep dilemma, and the resolution of it will not be trivial; it will require a substantial change in the way we look at things."
--- end Bell quote---
So, what the Bell Inequality did was further support the idea the Universe as a Whole is a Structure, a Cavity, or a Container and the only plausible structure is a big atom as the Universe. The Bell Inequality, like the blackbody CMBR support the Atom Totality theory and throws out the BBEGR (Big Bang Einstein General Relativity nonsense).
The only thing needed for Bell Inequality is the idea of a region of the Cosmos that contains the Nucleus of the Atom Totality, which controls the rest of the Cosmos.
Physicists rarely mention the concept of superdeterminism and how it
solves the problems of Quantum Mechanics. They do not mention it
partly because it disrupts the Big Bang Theory, since it makes no
sense that a Big Bang Universe can have superdeterminism.
John Bell lived under the Big Bang Theory, but if he had lived into the 1990s there arose a rival theory to the Big Bang, called the Atom Totality.
The problem John Bell had with Superdeterminism is that there is no
mechanism in the Big-Bang theory to make Superdeterminism work. In the Atom-Totality theory, there is a mechanism in that the Nucleus of a Proton Torus of the
Atom-Totality does all the ordering up of every event that takes place
in the Cosmos. The Nucleus pulls the strings of every event that
takes place in the entire Universe. The year that John S. Bell died,
1990, is the year in which the Atom-Totality theory was born.
One ramification of the Bell Inequality and superdeterminism is the explanation of how the brain and mind work, of course that is psychology and not pure physics, but let me amble down that road while here on superdeterminism.
In the Brain Locus theory, the mind is like a radio receiver which is
only one atom or one molecule and the rest of the brain tissue goes to
executing whatever the messages shot from the Atom Totality Nucleus
into the brain. The photons and neutrinos carry these messages. So that all life is puppets whose every action, thought was shot from the Proton Torus Nucleus into our brain locus and we execute that message.
--- end quoting from my 148th book---
--- quoting from my 32nd book of science---
There are two key ideas concerning the Atom Totality theory and Darwin Evolution or biology and those key ideas are:
(1) Bell Inequality with Aspect Experiment results
(2) Perfect DNA/ RNA equals photons/neutrinos
What sinks or defeats or tears apart Darwin Evolution is the physics of the Bell Inequality of Quantum Mechanics. The Bell Inequality places Quantum Mechanics on the large scale Universe of the distances clear across the Cosmos. And what solves the Bell Inequality results of Action at a Distance is what John Bell termed as Superdeterminism. In other words, the world has "no free will". And that all living creatures are fated to do what they end up doing. All living creatures are puppets on strings.
If every action is ordered up and there is no free will in the Cosmos, then there cannot be a true theory of Darwin Evolution which depends on probabilities.
As for the second theory of Perfect DNA inside every photon or neutrino has to be true in order to carry out a world of Superdeterminism.
John Bell discovered Superdeterminism. And in 1985 in a discussion in a BBC interview, John Bell disclosed what he saw as the concept of Superdeterminism. But John had trouble with it for he could not give a "prime mover" for Superdeterminism. If all life is puppets on a string then who is the puppetmaster. So John was stuck. But by 1990, I
discovered the Atom Totality theory and so I could tell John Bell, who unfortunately died too young, that there is a puppetmaster and it is the Atom Totality where the Atom Totality is a grand cosmic control center.
So to carry out a Cosmic Superdeterminism where every thought and every action is controlled by a Nucleus of the Atom Totality, what is the best control mechanism?? That answer is that every photon or neutrino when split apart harbors perfect DNA inside the photon or neutrino. So that when a photon or neutrino lands inside a brain or body of a creature, the DNA inside the photon registers a geometrical image in the brain. So every thought and every action that occurs is because of the input of a unzipped DNA from a photon messenger.
I discovered this theory that a photon or neutrino is *perfect DNA/RNA* in 1995.
So I have two books to write about, one involves the Bell Inequality which gives Superdeterminism and which defeats Darwin Evolution and the second book discusses the idea that a photon harbors perfect-DNA inside itself.
--- end quoting from my 32nd book of science---
So in a Atom Totality Universe, where all action and end results that happen are ordered up, in such a Universe, you need animals to sleep in order to focus their antennae for the next day's reception of orders, ordered up by the Proton Nucleus of the Plutonium Atom Totality.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 1:12:33 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
So I am quoting from Peat's book "Einstein's Moon: Bell's Theorem and the Curious Quest for Quantum Reality". On pages 117-118 reads "In one set of experiments, published in 1982, the particular orientation of the detectors predicted a quantum correlation of 2.70. (As we have already seen, the local-reality theory demands that this correlation should lie between -2 and +2.) The actual experimental result came out as 2.697, again the nonclassical correlations of the quantum world were manifesting themselves."
AP explanation of these strange results.
----------------------------------------------
All of it is explained as that of the entire Universe is one big atom of plutonium, a single big atom of plutonium and then because it is a single big atom, means that the numbers "between -2 and +2 versus 2.83 where F_quantum theory = 2.83".
John Bell solved his strange problem by invoking Superdeterminism. AP solves the problem a different way-- by saying if the Universe in total is a single big atom of plutonium, then of course--- a light wave on one side of the Cosmos separated from calcium with a light wave on the opposite side of the Cosmos, starting out entangled and when measured later, are still correlated and entangled.
John Bell and Alain Aspect experiments proved that Quantum Theory is correct and true. And what AP does is use that proof, to show that the Universe is a single big atom for those results to come out the way they came out.
What does that have to do with Sleep???? When alive, an animal has to have the electrical machine that is the animal body always on and open. When it is closed, the animal is dead. The body needs to clean out waste and repair and build new tissue when sleeping. In order to (1) clean out waste (2) repair (3) build new tissue when sleeping, the animal body must keep its electrical system ON during sleep. And to keep it ON, is what John Bell called Superdeterminism, that the Protons forming a single big torus as the nucleus of the Atom Totality changes the input, the incoming Light Waves reaching the brain antenna, should those Light Waves change, then the Protons correlate a change within the Protons, in order to keep the Animal alive.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 2:27:42 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Now there is an interesting math constant near to that of 2.83 as in the Bell Inequality.
In math, take any square and its perimeter, when divided by length of one diagonal is 2.83. For example, square of side 1 has perimeter 4 and has diagonal of 1.414 and when 4 / 1.414 equals 2.83.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 6:06:41 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
On Sunday, August 31, 2025 at 2:27:42 PM UTC-5 Archimedes Plutonium wrote:
Now there is an interesting math constant near to that of 2.83 as in the Bell Inequality.
In math, take any square and its perimeter, when divided by length of one diagonal is 2.83. For example, square of side 1 has perimeter 4 and has diagonal of 1.414 and when 4 / 1.414 equals 2.83.
So, going a bit further, a square of side 2 has perimeter of 8, and has a diagonal of square root of 8 which is close to 2.83.
What is the square side for the diagonal length to be pi =3.14...??
Here I need a square side of 2.22, hence 2.22^2 + 2.22^2 =9.857 and square root of that in the Pythagorean theorem is 3.14....
The world of classical physics is squarish, the sides of a square. The quantum world is the diagonal of a square.
Can we make sense of that philosophically?? Yes, by understanding the entire Universe is a single atom of plutonium, containing inside itself, all the other atoms that exist. This is the Atomic Hypothesis--- All matter is made up of atoms and the Universe itself is matter and hence is a single big atom of plutonium.
Now is there a math constant near that of 2.22?? Yes, the square root of 5 is 2.23... and a possible interpretation of that is the Plutonium Atom Totality is in chemistry the 5f6, while uranium is 5f4. And in physics we have Psi squared as energy levels.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 6:52:20 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
All animals need sleep to (1) clean out waste (2) repair damage to mitochondria etc (3) build new tissue. And to perform those 3 functions, the Protons of the Atom Totality, allow the animal body to sleep with the minimum electrical circuits to remain ON in order for the animal to stay alive.
Evidence for this is seen in dream sleep which some dreams are literally--- out of this world.
I can safely say, I have had many dreams in which the landscape was nothing here on Earth, but maybe a alien planet. And in many of my dreams, where I am woken in the middle of a dream, I marvel at the faces, unknown people, that my brain has managed to draw in my mind.
I remember in one dream about a decade back, of two animals, none of which are found on Earth, so they could have been found on some alien planet in the distant cosmos.
Recently my most bizarre dreams are really --- out of this world --- for I am poor in music. I appreciate music, but poor in playing or understanding music for I am *tone deaf*. I cannot tune a guitar. Impossible for me to tune a guitar. And yet, despite these deficiencies, in some of my recent dreams, I am hearing music, original music of melodies which I never heard before. So if there was some way of waking me, and recording what melody I heard, would be new music that is --- out of this world---.
Maybe some creative musicians who discover new songs, discover a new song in their sleep, in dream sleep and can remember parts of the melody as they awake and able to write out the melody.
Part 2: Article in Science News, Feb2025 of an overall review of research on why we need sleep.
I am reading from SCIENCE NEWS, Feb 2025, "Sleep Remains A Medical Mystery" by Laura Sanders. The article touches on several research themes. And serves as a framework in writing this book.
Laura talks about the research with Zolpidem (Ambien) but sadly Laura misses out on the known facts that babies need a-lot a-lot of sleep. Why do babies sleep so much is missing in this discussion.
And then AP says that as we reach age 65, we need to increase our sleep time to almost match Baby and Toddler Sleep.
AP put a hypothesis out in the early 1990s that the mind of an animal or plant is merely a radio antenna to catch photons from the Atom Totality sending messages on what we think. I called it the Radio-TV mind. That our thinking is not made in our body but is photons entering our body to give us the thoughts we have. Much like a TV in our living room shows us what a far away station is broadcasting. And sleep is required to fine tune the TV receiver after so many hours of use.
Archimedes Plutonium Feb 23, 2025, 7:24:01 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
So here in this Science News article Laura describes some functions of sleep, and trying to list her descriptions.
1) sleep is for rifling through memories and choosing which ones to keep
2) still time for growing bones in children
3) let the brain loose on whatever problem vexed you that day
4) rapid eye movement stage, is for squeezing fluid around to keep the eye lubricated
5) housekeeping every 20 seconds or so, a wave of cerebrospinal fluid pulses through the sleeping brain scientists suspect these rhythmic pulses clear out waste
What Laura has logically missing is the prime fact that infant animals need a-lot of sleep to grow and therefore, this large amount indicates what sleep does. When discussing the function of sleep, one should also discuss what happens with lack of sleep-- even the fact that death results if we do not get sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Feb 23, 2025, 7:40:31 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
So let me apply the AP theory of the Mind and see if it answers all 5 questions of Laura.
On Sunday, February 23, 2025 at 7:24:01 PM UTC-6 Archimedes Plutonium wrote:
So here in this Science News article Laura describes some functions of sleep, and trying to list her descriptions.
1) sleep is for rifling through memories and choosing which ones to keep
2) still time for growing bones in children
3) let the brain loose on whatever problem vexed you that day
4) rapid eye movement stage, is for squeezing fluid around to keep the eye lubricated
5) housekeeping every 20 seconds or so, a wave of cerebrospinal fluid pulses through the sleeping brain scientists suspect these rhythmic pulses clear out waste
What Laura has logically missing is the prime fact that infant animals need a-lot of sleep to grow and therefore, this large amount indicates what sleep does. When discussing the function of sleep, one should also discuss what happens with lack of sleep-- even the fact that death results if we do not get sleep.
The AP theory of Brain-Mind is it is a TV receiver where the body is a antenna that receives photons shot from the Atom Totality into our body and we process that photon/s into being pictures and thoughts. We do not produce thoughts in the body in chemicals sloshing around but out of the body. A TV works because it has photons on its antenna and the TV processes those photons into picture and sound and motion. Having a TV receiver as the brain -mind, means that daily we need to tune to the station to get clear reception.
So let me go through Laura's 5 points and see if the AP theory easily explains them away. Starting with (1)-- 1) sleep is for rifling through memories and choosing which ones to keep.
Well, as the sleep is tuning the brain and mind to better receive the photon signals of the Atom Totality, in the process of tuning the atoms that compose the receiver, that tuning goes over some of the photons that exist in the brain network and this evokes memories and causes dreams on those already photon messages.
Sleep is to tune the receiver and as it tunes it crosses paths with some photons that evoke memory and dream.
Archimedes Plutonium Feb 23, 2025, 7:49:52 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Of Laura's 5 points, this is likely her best (2) still time for growing bones in children.
For in AP theory of Mind-Brain, all thoughts are out of body-- sent and shot into our body via photons for which we then have the thoughts that the photon contains. The AP theory comes directly from Quantum Mechanics physics of John Bell Superdeterminism. See my book for details.
So the need for sleep is to have the brain operate all the other functions of the body that is under the control of the brain. When we are born, our brain connections to circulatory or breathing or bone growth are not developed well, and so sleep-- enormous amount of sleep when a baby is growing those connections. If awake for long time by a baby will either die or develop poorly.
Sleep connects the brain to the circulatory and breathing and bone and stomach and liver systems. And throughout life for that animal or plant, it needs sleep to connect the antenna to body parts to receive the photons from Atom Totality.
Archimedes Plutonium Feb 26, 2025, 3:17:41 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
I especially need to know about sleep in other animals for that is key to understanding the True Science of Sleep.
The AP theory of --- there needs rest time to Focus the incoming photon signals that compose every thought.
I had read somewhere or saw on TV the idea that some animals have 1/2 of their body asleep while the other 1/2 is alert to a predator or danger.
If true, then of course there must be a focusing process going on as the meaning and function of sleep.
Part 3: Article in The Economist, 19July2025 saying that damaged mitochondria in the brain may drive the urge to sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 31, 2025, 11:10:44 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
On Friday, August 29, 2025 at 8:24:39 PM UTC-5 Archimedes Plutonium wrote:
This book comes in a 5 part structure.
3rd Part is a article in The Economist, 19July2025 saying that damaged mitochondria in the brain may drive the urge to sleep.
In The Economist, 19Jul2025 "Bedtime story: Damaged mitochondria in the brains may drive the urge to sleep".
Some good experiments show that excess magnetic monopoles (what failed physicists call electrons) in mitochondria leak out and react with oxygen and produce toxic wastes and thus sleep urge pressure ensues to fix the monopole imbalance.
Other ideas of sleep pressure (1) build-up of adenosine (2) brain's need to build synaptic connections, and of course (3) excess magnetic monopoles in mitochondria.
The researchers found that sleep restores the balance of magnetic monopoles (what silly physicists and chemists call electrons when the true electrons of atoms are muons stuck inside proton torus and doing the Faraday law), but also, sleep repairs the damaged mitochondria.
Part 4: Article in Scientific American Sept2025 reviewing the history of the "glymphatic system" of the brain that goes to cleaning up and cleaning out waste in the brain titled "Brain Washing".
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 26, 2025, 5:33:43 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
The newest edition of Scientific American has a article on Sleep in September 2025 titled "Brain Washing: Cleaning waste from the brain is an essential function of sleep-- and it could help ward off dementia" and so will include that also in this book.
Sleep research is actively sought for around the world, for much of our lives is indulging in sleep.
I myself have found out that by age 65, I need as much sleep as when I was a newborne through toddler age-- at least 12 hours of sleep to function properly.
I have no idea as to why age 65 seems to be a milestone in a persons health history? I mean that major health issues seem to arise on average by 65 years old. For me, at 65-66, I caught cancer-- Liposarcoma of a tumor in my right rear peritoneal the size of a small to medium watermelon that had pushed up against my lungs causing me to often cough. So yes, age 65 and beyond be careful and watchful that some major medical news happens to your body. Perhaps 65 is a average age where parts of the body go heywire and need fixing. I remember that at some age in life--- on average--- the eyes deteriorate so that you need glasses to see up close and read books. And every 5 years need to get a new prescription glasses.
So we start out in life as a baby that needs a-lot of sleep and the majority of the day is spent in sleep and as we grow into toddler and then youngster and teenager we need less sleep. But as we reach 65 and beyond, it makes logical sense that the body is aging and deteriorating that we need more sleep than the 8 hours regimen.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 26, 2025, 5:33:43 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
The newest edition of Scientific American has a article on Sleep in September 2025 titled "Brain Washing: Cleaning waste from the brain is an essential function of sleep-- and it could help ward off dementia" and so will include that also in this book.
Sleep research is actively sought for around the world, for much of our lives is indulging in sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Sep 1, 2025, 3:40:11 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Far and away, the best of the 3 science magazine articles on "sleep" is the Scientific American Sept2025 with its 6 pages of text plus graphics and illustrations. The article with the most details is often the best article.
--- quoting Scientific American, Sept2025---
In 2012 researchers at the University of Rochester led by neuroscientist Maiken Nedergaard made a pivotal discovery: a previously unknown circulatory system was flushing toxic waste from the brain. In mice, they showed that an influx of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) washes through the brain's "perivascular" spaces, which are doughnut-shaped tunnels that surround blood vessels. Using water channels on the surface of astrocytes, a type of cell that supports brain function, the CSF mixes with "interstitial" fluid in the spaces around the brain's cells and collects built-up waste. Then the fluid leaves the brain through the perivascular spaces around veins, taking the garbage with it.
...
A Closer Look:: Cerebrospinal fluid penetrates deep into the brain by traveling through the perivascular spaces surrounding arterioles. It is propelled by the pulsing of blood with the arteriole. The CSF then enters astrocyte cells through channels in their end feet and exits these cells into the gray matter of the brain. After sweeping up debris, the CSF reenters a perivascular cavity, this time one surrounding a venule, or small vein. The CSF and its waste travel alongside the venule to the periphery of the brain and, ultimately, leave it.
--- end quoting Scientific American, Sept2025---
As I am reading all of this, I am also wondering how a virus like cold sores or shingles virus cause Alzheimers disease, where the beta amyloid and tau plaques are reactions to the invasion of the viruses. I do know that in Alzheimers, the patients take on abnormal sleep behavior.
Part 5: Phytochromes related to function of sleep.
#364 SLEEP what it is for and how it works and by age 65, you need at least 12 hours of sleep a-night.
This book comes about because of several recent science magazines reporting research on the topic.
But while I was looking for why Plants need Night-time darkness for respiration and growth of the sunshine day accumulation of photosynthesis, I ran across some essential proteins called Phytochrome. So this compound may steer "sleep research" into new directions. Instead of thinking of sleep as a clean up time for the animal body, perhaps animals like plants need a nighttime to manufacture compounds similar to Phytochromes.
Archimedes Plutonium Jul 24, 2025, 4:20:35 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
#364 SLEEP what it is for and how it works and by age 65, you need at least 12 hours of sleep a-night.
This book comes from recent science magazines reporting research on the topic.
But while I was looking for why Plants need Night-time darkness for respiration and growth of the sunshine day accumulation of photosynthesis, I ran across some essential proteins called Phytochrome. So this compound may steer "sleep research" into new directions. Instead of thinking of sleep as a clean up time in the animal body, perhaps animals like plants need a nighttime to manufacture compounds similar to Phytochromes.
Archimedes Plutonium Jul 24, 2025, 4:47:14 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
We often think of Sleep as essential in order to take time to clean out the body of waste in cells or brain and to re-establish electrical connections for the brain becomes fuzzy.
But while researching dinosaurs in Walking With Dinosaurs 6 part series on PBS TV, I was looking for why Angiosperms, Flowering Plants exploded in evolutionary growth. Before the Flowering Plants, there was no Moon alongside Earth 100 million years ago, and there was constant Sunshine on the continents, nonstop sunshine while on the other half side of Earth was constant darkness because without the Moon, that Earth was like Venus is now,--- half staring into the sun permanently. When the Moon arrived 100 million years ago, then on average, half the day was sunshine and half the day was dark night.
So why did the Angiosperm, Flowering Plants explode in growth??? Because with a nighttime for plants, they use that darkness to assemble the photosynthesis energy they gained during the daytime. And this sleep or rest from sunshine allows plants to assemble chemicals and assemble flowers and fruit.
Animals are not plants, but we can learn from them. Plants need to make phytochromes by night as they switch from CO2 respiration to oxygen respiration. Although animals always breathe oxygen and do not switch respiration at night. The thought though strikes one that nighttime sleep is likely to be essential to animals to make a protein which needs relatively no motion in the body so the body can manufacture this essential protein/s. We have come to view sleep as a clean-up exercise inside the body. Perhaps we should instead view it as also a manufacturing time in addition to clean up.
So, do animals need a rest, a sleep to manufacture proteins, just as plants need rest from photosynthesis to manufacture growth.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 10, 2025, 3:07:47 AM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
A-lot more progress for me on the research of Sleep. For recently there was a article in The Economist July 19, 2025 "Bedtime story" Damaged mitochondria in the brain may drive the urge to sleep" saying that
the purpose of sleep is to repair mitochondria.
Also, I have come up with a-lot of new ideas, material ideas that further help solve the mysteries of sleep.
There is what is called as eye-crust, a sandy like material in the corner of your eyes upon waking from sleep.
Need to find out the chemistry of these particles and whether they can determine if you have enough sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 17, 2025, 2:54:20 AM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
I believe that 12 hours of sleep in old age, greater than 65 years is needed if you want to live to be 100 years old.
Archimedes Plutonium Aug 20, 3:01 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
My next book to publish for I noticed several new research reports on Sleep in the past year. And by February of 2025, I noticed that I had a clear mind, ready to do excellent science research only after having 12 hours of sleep.
Where I get up and not groggy at all.
The new research on mitochondrial repair supports this idea of 12 hours sleep for persons 65 and older.
Archimedes Plutonium Sep 2, 2025, 12:59 AM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
I wrote critiques on the PBS series "Walking With Dinosaurs" saying that all 6 episodes were deeply flawed because the Moon had not arrived yet to be a satellite of Earth until 100 million years ago and would change all the 6 episodes when a Moon is factored in. Pivotal to making this claim is the evidence of the rise of angiosperm plants which Earth was dominated by gymnosperm plants. For an Earth without the Moon, that 1/2 of Earth is in constant sunshine, no nighttime because Earth rotation is only as fast as its revolution. And 1/2 of Earth is in constant darkness and frozen ice.
Once the Moon arrived 100 million years ago, the angiosperms exploded in growth and came to dominate Earth. For angiosperms need a nighttime away from photosynthesis and to make use of the daytime energy the plant absorbed. Make use of that energy in growing fruit and seed. And here is where phytochromes enter the picture. These are proteins that are grown by the plant during nighttime, to build the plant tissue, fruit and seeds.
I bring this up, because sleep in animals is in many ways a mirror reflection of plants phytochromes using the nighttime to build the plant using the daytime photosynthesis energy.
On Monday, September 1, 2025 at 3:40:11 PM UTC-5 Archimedes Plutonium wrote:
5th Part, finally, in recent work on the PBS dinosaur series "Walking With Dinosaurs" I happened to come across research facts about angiosperms in that these plants need nighttime in order to grow new tissue and reverse gases intake and output switching from photosynthesis and CO2 intake to that of O2 with growth at night. This process has the name phytochromes. This is a process where nighttime the plants need that time to grow new structure. And although humans and animals are not plants, I wager that some process similar to phytochromes for plants occurs in animals. Where sleep is not a cleansing and removal of waste, but more like a time to grow structure that is not feasible during the daytime.
What I expect is that in future research, it is found that essential proteins in animals is built when the animal sleeps, the analog of plants building their tissue, fruit and seeds at night.
Part 6: Observations of mine on sleep.
Archimedes Plutonium Sep 2, 2025, 1:15 AM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Speaking more on the topic of Superdeterminism and the Proton Torus of the Plutonium Atom Totality, making sure the animal can sleep and not die while in the act of sleeping. For the entire body of the animal is kept alive by only a few Light Waves, the heart and breathing on auto-pilot by the Light Waves shot by Protons of the Plutonium Atom Totality into the antennae of the animal body.
Observations on Falling to Sleep
--------------------------------------------------
So, several times in my life I have tried to capture the moment I went from awake into sleep. For some nights I seemed to lie there in bed, wanting to sleep but thinking about things. I wanted to capture the moment I fell asleep. I tried counting myself to sleep. One two, one two, one two which works well. In fact the best aid I have ever found. But the moment I passed from awake to sleep, I have never ever captured.
I have said to myself, so I want to capture the moment of passing from awake to sleep and remember it by next day. This never happened. The moment of passing is elusive.
Sometimes I try to blank out my mind entirely, and see if my brain can have ___no thoughts___. This too is elusive for I see in my mind, eyes shut, I see darkness with perhaps lights in and out, even though my eyes are shut trying to fall asleep.
I take these experiences as meaning that no animal mind can see the passing from awake to sleep, not even humans studying sleep. And this elusiveness is due to the fact that the Protons of the Plutonium Atom Totality control when a person passes from awake to sleep.
My observation that we can form thoughts on immediately what we see, implies that "thought formation" goes on at the speed of light.
Part 7: My argument that by age 65, you need about 12 hours sleep per night.
Archimedes Plutonium Sep 2, 2025, 3:37 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
I should end this book with my advice that at age 65 and beyond, you need approximately 12 hours of sleep per night in order to feel good enough to do good science.
Actually, at age 65, I was getting approximately 12 hours of sleep, and only realized by age 75, that I needed so much sleep.
By 65, I noticed that if I wake up and started to work and felt groggy, so groggy that it took me 1/2 hour to an hour to escape grogginess, that I was not getting enough sleep.
The world general public is lured into the belief that 8 hours of sleep per night is sufficient. And this is just, well, in my view, propaganda. And only until 2025 at age 75, did I realize that the 8 hours mantra was woefully inadequate.
Is there any science evidence that by age 65, you need 12 hours sleep per night??
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yes, I do believe so. Babies sleep most of the day, sometimes up to 20 or more hours of the 24 hour day. And since that is the case, in old age, we tend to require more sleep than through our middle age years to stay in peak mental health. And so perhaps the rise in dementia and other age related diseases is the falsehood belief that 8 hours is enough for ages 65 and older.
And although a person at age 65 is not growing, growing the body especially bones, that the body needs all that sleep to remove waste and toxic materials. In middle age from 20 to 65, that 8 hours is sufficient, but after age 65, the waste and toxic material is overwhelmingly greater.
Archimedes Plutonium Sep 2, 2025, 3:58 PM to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup.
Microplastics
---------------------
I hope a scientist does a research on the rise of Dementia in human society and compared to the rise-of-microplastics. To look for a sudden increase in dementia because so much plastics was getting into the human body. And of course there is no way of removing it as far as I know. Perhaps my leg cramps, starting at age 65 for me, and whenever they come on, they are in the same location --- indicating perhaps microplastics at that spot in my leg calf.
Can the glymphatic system as described by Scientific American remove Microplastics????
A recent science report said that the average human brain contained approximately a bottle cap of plastic-- shredded into microplastic bits, and saying that a correlated rise in heart attacks due to microplastics.
I would be interested in finding out if the Glymphatic system with its Cerebrospinal fluid can wash out or remove plastic waste from our bodies??? My opinion is that microplastics are not able to be removed from the body once inside.
AP
zzzzzzzzzz
plutonium dot archimedes at gmail dot com. Looking for a College or University press to hardcover publish all 364+ AP books of science, likely to become 500-600 maybe even 700 books by the time I die. E-books are too prone to unbalanced-unhinged censor-editors, who can easily make your books vanish by pulling a switch. Science should never have gatekeepers, who thwart access to true science.
| /
| /
|/______ hardcover or paperback
PAU newsgroup is this.
https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!forum/plutonium-atom-universe
Archimedes Plutonium
Archimedes Plutonium
Archimedes Plutonium
New Research to report.
SCIENCE, 8Jan2026 "Jellyfish sleep a lot like us-- and for the same reasons: Study adds to evidence that sleep likely evolved among ancient animals as a means of repairing neurons."
The Feynman Lectures on Physics, 1963 on page 1-1, Feynman defines what Science is.--- quoting Feynman, Lectures on Physics, 1963, page 1-1 ---The test of all knowledge is experiment. Experiment is the sole judge of scientific "truth". But what is the source of knowledge? Where do the laws that are to be tested come from? Experiment, itself, helps to produce these laws, in the sense that it gives us hints. But also needed is imagination to create from these hints the great generalizations---- to guess at the wonderful, simple, but very strange patterns beneath them all, and to experiment to check again whether we have made the right guess.--- end quoting Feynman, Lectures on Physics, 1963, page 1-1 ---
Archimedes Plutonium
---- quoting NIH dot gov on jellyfish---
PeerJ. 2020 Sep 8;8:e9794. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9794
Cannonball jellyfish digestion: an insight into the lipolytic enzymes of the digestive system
Raul B Martínez-Pérez 1,2, Jorge A Rodríguez 2, Luis Alonso Leyva Soto 1,3, Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui 1, Lourdes M Diaz-Tenorio 1,✉
Editor: Vladimir Uversky
Abstract
The digestive system and metabolism of the cannonball jellyfish Stomolophus sp. 2 are not well-known. The digestion study was critical to explain its ecology and bloom success. Different enzymes are involved in food digestion, which hydrolyze carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. This study detected lipolytic activity in enzymatic extracts from gastric pouches of Stomolophus sp. 2 collected in the summer of 2013 at Bahía de Kino, Sonora, México (28°47′47″N 111°57′25″W).
(huge snip)
Previous studies have investigated S. meleagris prey preference and the duration of the digestion process. Only have a few reports been found about jellyfish digestive enzymes and how they work. For example, proteolytic and glycogenase activities were detected in scyphozo upside-down jellyfish (Cassiopea frondosa) although no amylase, lactase or cellulose were found (Smith, 1936) while enzymes, such as glycogenase and lipase, were found in golden medusa (Mastigias papua) (Ohtsuki, 1930). Another study identified trypsin activity in Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) and alkaline and acid phosphatase, chymotrypsin and lipase activity in cannonball jellyfish (S. meleagris) (Arai, 1997; González-Valdovinos, Ocampo & Tovar-Ramírez, 2019). Bodansky & Rose (1922) observed the presence of proteases and amylases in tissue suspensions of S. meleagris gastric cirri.
Due to the kind of prey that jellyfish eats, and the little knowledge about its digestion, biochemical identification of lipolytic enzymes (EC 3.1.1.X) is important to understand the nutrition and life cycle of jellyfish species. Lipases and esterases are key hydrolases in animal digestion.
Lipases display maximal activity towards water-insoluble long-chain triglycerides (TAGs) (Arpigny & Jaeger, 1999). Esterases hydrolyze water-soluble or emulsified esters with relatively short fatty acid chains (less than 10 carbons) while “true” lipases are generally more active toward emulsified, long-chain fatty acids (more than 10 carbon) (Brault et al., 2012); phospholipases A and B catalyze hydrolysis of fatty ester in the two-positions of 3-sn-phospholipid to release fatty acids and lysophospholipids (Mayer & Marshall, 1993).
Previous studies on cannonball jellyfish (polyp, ephyra, and medusa stages) have reported lipolytic activity with synthetic substrates (González-Valdovinos, Ocampo & Tovar-Ramírez, 2019), but no distinction has been made between digestive or intracellular lipases or lipolytic esterases. This study analysed the gastric organ (gastric pouches) from the adult stage of Stomolophus sp. 2, using synthetic and natural oils (p-nitrophenol esters, triglycerides, and oils) to know the capacity of lipolytic enzymes in the digestive system from jellyfish; subsequently, if in whole-body jellyfish polyp, ephyra and medusa stages the lipase activity was observed; then, if lipolytic activity found in gastric pouches from the adult phase of Stomolophus sp, 2 corresponded to digestive lipase/esterase enzymes.
Therefore, this study aimed to contribute to a better understanding of cannonball jellyfish lipid digestion, showing the characterization of lipolytic activities from the digestive system of the blue cannonball jellyfish Stomolophus sp. 2.
---end quoting NIH dot gov on jellyfish---
AP writes:: I have made the liver be the antennae of animal "thinking" and the brain as the organ to carry out the thinking. Jellyfish have no brains, and apparently, something resembling a liver.
AP
Archimedes Plutonium
Archimedes Plutonium
20) Bell Inequality is true and thus the Universe is quantum mechanical-- meaning it is the inside of an atom.
Of the list of 9 major evidences supporting the Atom Totality, I now delve into (2) Bell Inequality that showed that Bohr's Quantum Mechanics was true but that Einstein's physics of General Relativity was false. Here again, the Universe is Quantum Mechanical which means the Universe is a structure, or cavity, or a container of sorts and thus implying Atomic, which means the Universe is a single big atom.
Now this theory of the Bell Inequality seems totally off the deep end. But only for a second. Because if you start learning about John Bell, Einstein/Rosen/Podalsky and Bohr, you start learning how Einstein with BBEGR was found wrong against Bohr and Bell with Quantum Mechanics dominating the physics of the Universe.
But then the interpretation of Bell Inequality had begun. And what Bell concluded was that there was just one way in which to get rid of speed faster than light and the Bell experiment to hold true. Bell, found one way to solve the problem-- Superdeterminism.
Here is John Bell defining what Superdeterminism is:
--- Bell stated on the BBC ---
"There is a way to escape the inference of superluminal speeds and spooky action at a distance. But it (Superdeterminism) involves absolute determinism in the universe, the complete absence of free will. Suppose the world is super-deterministic, with not just inanimate nature running on behind-the-scenes clockwork, but with our behavior, including our belief that we are free to choose to do one experiment rather than another, absolutely predetermined, including the "decision" by the experimenter to carry out one set of measurements rather than another, the difficulty disappears. There is no need for a faster than light signal to tell particle A what measurement has been carried out on particle B, because the universe, including particle A, already "knows" what that measurement, and its outcome, will be."
--- end Bell quote ---
--- further statement by John Bell to the BBC on Superdeterminism --- "The only alternative to quantum probabilities, superpositions of states, collapse of the wavefunction, and spooky action at a distance, is that everything is superdetermined. For me it is a dilemma. I think it is a deep dilemma, and the resolution of it will not be trivial; it will require a substantial change in the way we look at things."
--- end Bell quote---
So, what the Bell Inequality did was further support the idea the Universe as a Whole is a Structure, a Cavity, or a Container and the only plausible structure is a big atom as the Universe. The Bell Inequality, like the blackbody CMBR support the Atom Totality theory and throws out the BBEGR.
Around 2020, I started to view the Bell Inequality and Superdeterminism as Quantum Entanglement. The news media speaks of Bell Inequality as Quantum Entanglement and NOVA tv shows displays it as such. But they fail to recognize what causes Quantum Entanglement. For it simply is the fact that light waves are not straightline open ended arrows of waves but are pencil thin closed loop ellipses with their source of light always in the loop. So if you turn the source off, all the light vanishes no matter how far out it has gone. This has implications also for "slow light experiments in BEC medium", so that as you turn off the source light, all the light, even the "slow light" vanishes all at once.
AP has made much of the Bell Inequality with its Superdeterminism concept, saying that Superdeterminism replaces Darwin evolution theory in biology. And also in biology, Superdeterminism is the brain and mind and how it works, as a radio or TV Receiver that receives messages from the Atom Totality and follows those instructions, making us think and act and do as those messages are received in the brain and mind TV Receiver.
CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR: The rise of artificial intelligence is prompting some pretty big questions around human consciousness and what it means to feel. The celebrated best-selling author Michael Pollan used his previous books to challenge our understanding of food and drugs, and now he’s turning his attention to our sense of self, asking, what really makes us human? It’s all in his new book, “A World Appears: A Journey Into Consciousness,” as he explains to Walter Isaacson.
WALTER ISAACSON: Thank you, Christiane. And Michael Pollan, welcome back to the show.
MICHAEL POLLAN: Thank you, Walter.
ISAACSON: So a book on consciousness. I’ve tried to study consciousness my whole life. I’ve read everybody from Descartes to Daniel Dennett. And the more I think about consciousness, the less I have any clue what it is. Tell me what is consciousness?
POLLAN: Well, the definition I work with is simply subjective experience. You know, you have subjective experience of the world. Your toaster does not. And it’s…another way to look at it is, you know, there was a famous essay by Thomas Nagel who said — it was called, What Is It Like to be a Bat? And if we can imagine that it’s like something to be a bat, even though we don’t know exactly what it’s like. But going through the world echolocating instead of using vision, well then that animal, that creature is conscious. So —
ISAACSON: So is a bat just as conscious as me and you?
POLLAN: Well, we don’t know the degree of consciousness ’cause we can’t really penetrate its point of view. But we know it’s conscious. I think, I think most animals are conscious, but in different ways. Humans have a particularly complex form of consciousness. We’re not just aware the way the bat is aware, but we’re aware that we’re aware. We have meta consciousness. So it gets very complicated when it comes to humans.
But you know, as you, as you move through nature, you can find kind of simpler forms of consciousness. And I look at plants as an example. You know, are they conscious? Is it like anything to be a plant? And I’m kind of on the fence about that. I think they’re sentient, which is to say they’re aware of their environment and that they’re positive and negative changes that they gravitate toward one and away from the other. And that may be a property of life. But you’re right, it’s, you know, there’s a lot we don’t know about consciousness, which is really weird because it’s the one thing we all know for sure. There’s — everything else we know is an inference. The material world out there is all mediated by consciousness. Yet we have a lot of trouble saying what it is.
ISAACSON: I loved your previous book, How to Change Your Mind, and of course you talk about psychedelics, you talk about various things you can do, and that comes into this book as well. What do psychedelics and other mind-altering materials help you understand about consciousness? How do they weave into this book?
POLLAN: Well, in this book, they inspired it actually. I mean, there’s something really interesting that happens during psychedelic experience. It’s sort of foregrounds consciousness. You know, many of us can go through life not thinking about consciousness. It’s just the water we swim in. And it’s just utterly transparent. The way I put it in the book is that psychedelics smudge the windshield through which we’re normally perceiving reality. And suddenly we realize, Hey, there’s a windshield. What’s that about? So for me, it really began this whole quest to understand consciousness. And I think that’s something that psychedelics do.
One of the things that struck me is a surprisingly large number of the scientists I interviewed for this book were taking psychedelics themselves to help them with the problem. And one of them that I detail in some depth had an experience on ayahuasca that convinced him that consciousness is a field that exists outside of the brain, which is a theory that’s out there. This is a guy who had been, you know, just a dedicated brain scientist. He’d run the Allen Brain Institute in Seattle and was working with neurons. But he had this intellectual crisis because of this experience on ayahuasca and is now exploring these alternative metaphysics where consciousness is a field that our brains are involved in. But, as like radio receivers or TV receivers channeling consciousness rather than generating it. It’s a radically different way to think about it. We can’t dismiss it. Because the, the more conventional idea that brains generate consciousness really isn’t panning out, yet. I mean, there’s, no one has established the link between a single conscious experience and brain activity.
ISAACSON: What is the study of AI teaching us these days about consciousness?
POLLAN: Well, I think this is one of the most interesting developments in the whole field. There are people now trying to create conscious AIs. There are other people who believe they’re already conscious in some sense. You know, the CEO of Anthropic, you know, has worried publicly that Claude is anxious. That implies a degree of consciousness. So does the whole concept of hallucination. How do you have hallucinations if you’re not a conscious being?
I don’t think the effort to make a conscious AI will succeed. I think there are a lot of reasons why, which we can go into. But the effort to try, I think, may teach us new things about consciousness. Even if we fail, in the process of failing, we may learn important things about it. And if we succeed, that’ll teach us some interesting lessons too. So I think it’s the biggest development in consciousness studies, certainly in our lifetime.
ISAACSON: You know, there’s a neuroscientist in your book, I think somebody else in your book, who says sort of what you just said, which is that it’s a moral imperative to try to make AI conscious. Explain that to me.
POLLAN: Yeah. Well, the theory is, you know, ’cause I’ve asked a lot of people in Silicon Valley, Why would you want a conscious AI? It doesn’t seem like something you could monetize the way you could super intelligence. And the way they put it to me is that only a conscious AI will have compassion and therefore take pity on us and not destroy us. I think it’s a crazy argument. If you’ve, you know, if you’ve read Frankenstein, the problem there was not that Dr. Frankenstein gave his monster intelligence, but that he also gave it consciousness. And it was the fact that the feelings of his monster were hurt because it was treated so badly by humans that he wrecked vengeance on humans and went on a homicidal spree. So the idea that consciousness will automatically lead to compassion, I think is a false one.
ISAACSON: I love your use of the Frankenstein story, and it’s become sort of a metaphor. That, and Prometheus…
POLLAN: Yes.
ISAACSON: …be careful of what you invent, snatching fire from the gods may not be a great idea. Do you worry about a Frankenstein tendency in modern technologists?
POLLAN: Yeah, I mean, they are Promethean. I think a lot of what’s driving the effort to create things like a conscious computer or to upload consciousness onto the internet or onto silicon is an age-old desire for immortality. I think that this is our modern religion is, you know, we are gonna transcend the mortal coil by uploading ourselves onto silicon. And you know, you have these people in Silicon Valley, they’re billionaires many times over, and they suddenly are like, Wait a minute, I’m a billionaire and I still have to die? And so they’re, you know, the next step is how can we transcend this problem? And they’re looking to AI and, and computers as a way to do it.
I think it’s mis you know, completely mistaken that you can do this. I think brains are very different than computers. I think the metaphor that the brain is a computer is a deeply faulty metaphor. It implies that you have this neat separation and you can take the consciousness out of the brain and put it in on some other substrate. But you know, in your brain, every experience you have, every memory, physically changes your brain. So your brain is different than mine. They’re not interchangeable, like the usual software-hardware distinction, you don’t have that distinction in brains. So I think that there’s a lot of sloppy thinking going on. And I don’t think it’s gonna produce conscious machines. I, but I have to add to that, that even if you accept the argument, you can’t make a conscious machine. We will believe they’re conscious. We already do.
ISAACSON: You said something about how Silicon Valley billionaires who are interested in AI are doing it ’cause they want to transcend death in some ways. Maybe they wanna put their consciousness into a machine. How — I’m gonna ask you a really philosophical question — how important is the concept of death to the concept of consciousness?
POLLAN: I think it’s central, actually. You know, I mean, the most interesting research that I follow in the book is a line of research that is emphasizing feeling over thought. That basically thinks Descartes got it wrong. It’s, I feel therefore I am. And that consciousness begins with feelings generated in the body. Very simple things like hunger and thirst and itch. And that it begins in the brain stem, not in the cortex, where we think our most advanced you know, cogitation happens. And if you accept that consciousness is embodied, it depends on having a body and feelings.
Now, if you think about feelings, they depend on our vulnerability — and find in the final analysis on our mortality. Your feelings would be completely weightless. If you were gonna live forever, you could disregard pain, you could disregard anything you wanted to. So I think it’s mortality, you know Franz Kafka allegedly said — I haven’t been able to nail this down — that, The meaning of life is that it ends. And so I think it’s very central to the human experience and very, very foreign to the experience of a computer.
ISAACSON: Why did nature develop consciousness in this, or evolution or how did it come about?
POLLAN: It’s a great question. Why do we need it? I mean, 90% at least of what your brain does, you’re not aware of, right? It’s monitoring your body 24/7. It’s taking in information and processing it all without crossing the threshold of awareness. So why does the, why does any of it need to be aware? Why aren’t we zombies? Why can’t we just automate everything? The best explanation I’ve had is that when you exist as humans do in a social world — I mean, we are absolutely dependent on other people. You know, beginning as babies, right? We have this long childhood, utter dependence. When you live in such a world, it’s impossible to automate something as complex as human social life. So there’s a premium on being intuitive, on being able to read someone else’s mind, predict what they’re going to do, empathize with what’s going on in their head, and see it from their point of view. All of that can’t be automated. It requires consciousness. Consciousness creates a space for imagination, counterfactuals.
ISAACSON: If we’re trying to figure out what our consciousness is different from machines and may be different from animals and stuff, one way to go at it is the deep feelings, or even shallow ones, like disgust.
POLLAN: Yeah.
ISAACSON: Is it po — tell me about disgust. How you would use that as a feeling when you’re looking at animals, looking at machines, looking at us?
POLLAN: Yeah. Disgust is a fascinating emotion. It’s one of the big six emotions according to psychologists, yet it is very closely tied, not just to our brain, but to our gut. And there was this really interesting experiment that I came across where they gave two groups of people — one got a lot of ginger, which settles the stomach. The other did not. And then they presented a morally repellent, disgusting scenario involving incest or something like that. And the people who’d had the ginger were much less judgmental about this than the people who hadn’t. Which tells you that the emotion of disgust, which applies to morality, not just, you know, rotten food is channeled through the gut, literally in some ways. And that it’s another, it’s more evidence that we are not just brains, you know, perched on the top of bodies, but that consciousness is deeply embodied.
And that — you know what, think about what we’re learning about the microbiome and how you’re, you know, the bacteria in your colon are influencing your mood. So we’re more deeply embodied creatures, I think, than we ever realized, and certainly than Descartes ever realized. And I think that’s, I think that’s fascinating. I think it’s a challenge for machines that don’t have bodies, you know. I mean, when a machine, when a computer reports, it’s what would a feeling be? I need more electricity. I need to be cooled down. That’s gonna be information, but it’s not gonna have the qualitative dimension that a feeling like disgust has.
ISAACSON: You say feelings, even consciousness have to be embodied. You talk about Descartes. Descartes called it the mind-body problem. Could the mind be separated from the body? Can it be?
POLLAN: No, I don’t think so. We think of it, you know, intuitively, we’re all dualists. You know, we think of mental stuff as different than physical stuff. And that may be the inheritance of Descartes. You know, we live in a world that he created to a large extent. But if you look at a brain, you cannot separate a brain from thought. These things are deeply integrated. And then you have to add the body too. You have to remember that the brain exists to keep the body alive, not the other way around. And we’re so cerebro-centric, right? I don’t know why, but we think it’s all up here. And that it may be ’cause our sense organs are mostly in our head. But that’s you know, that’s wrong. And it’s historical too. There was a time when people thought the heart was the center of the action.
ISAACSON: Are there forces in our society today that are making us less conscious?
POLLAN: Absolutely. I think, you know, as I reached the end of this journey, I realized that there is, yes, there is the hard problem of consciousness. How is it produced? Can you do it in a computer? But then there’s the fact of consciousness. This miracle that all of us have this space of interiority, utterly private. We can think whatever we want. And I think we’re squandering it. I think people are less conscious today than they were once upon a time.
I think, you know, we assume animals are less conscious than we are — dogs and things like that. But in fact, they need to be more conscious than us because they live in a world where you have to be present and alert to what’s going on at all times. We can check out. We have technologies. We have the whole superstructure of civilization that allows us to, you know, muffle consciousness. (29:14) People do it with drugs, people do it with distraction. I think social media makes us less conscious. I think when you’re scrolling on your phone, yes, you have to be conscious, but minimally so. You’re not thinking your own thoughts. You’re thinking someone else’s thoughts. And now with chatbots, you have, you know, social media hacked our attention. We all understand that now. It monetized our attention, sold it to the highest bidder. Now chatbots are hacking our emotional attachments. People are, there’s an article in the paper about this woman and she fell in love with a chatbot, and that’s her companion. And she’s perfectly content with the relationship. I’m sorry, to me, the very definition of dehumanize is when you fall in love with a machine.
And so I worry that we are less conscious. Our, we’re allowing machines and distractions to hijack our consciousness and we’re polluting our consciousness. (30:15) And we need to, we need to think a little bit more about consciousness hygiene and, you know, ways to, to draw a line around this space and defend it. We happen to have a president who’s, you know, whether you like him or hate him, is so good at hijacking our attention and getting us to think about him for a substantial piece of every day. We’ve never had a politician like this in our lives. That I think it’s, I think we need to reclaim the space. I think we need to defend it.
And I’m giving a lot of thought to exactly how we might do that. But I think meditation is one way. I think check, you know, taking a rest from social media is another. I think getting out in nature is an excellent way to reclaim your consciousness. So yeah, I think we could be more conscious than we are, and it’s something we have to actively work on.
ISAACSON: Michael Pollan, thank you so much for joining us.
POLLAN: Thank you, Walter. Thanks for having me on.