Elementary Angular-Momentum with Force of Gravity// Angular-Momentum equals Electric Field// Physics series for High School, Book 8 by Archimedes Plutonium This is AP's 62nd published book of science published on Internet, Plutonium-Atom-Universe
Archimedes Plutonium
Elementary Angular-Momentum with Force of Gravity// Angular-Momentum equals Electric Field// Physics series for High School, Book 8
by Archimedes Plutonium
This is AP's 62nd published book of science published on Internet, Plutonium-Atom-Universe,
PAU newsgroup is this.
https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!forum/plutonium-atom-universe
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Table of Contents
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1) Angular Momentum is one of the most difficult concepts of physics.
2) Strange motion of Uranus and its satellites.
3) UNITS of PHYSICS
4) Linear Momentum
5) Angular Momentum
6) Principle that Angular Momentum is represented by an ellipse.
7) Principle of Gravity
8) Return and Review of the Moons (satellites) of Uranus.
9) Quantum Duality that is Electricity to Magnetism, and that is Angular Momentum with Force of Gravity.
10) Angular-Momentum equals Electric-Field.
11) Angular-Momentum equals Electric-Field equals Area speed (Area velocity).
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1) Angular Momentum is one of the most difficult concepts of physics.
Angular-Momentum is tough physics. So tough that no physicist of the 20th century knew what it truly was. And believe you me, there were some great mathematical physicists such as Dirac and Feynman and Bohr and Pauli. The reason it was tough, for it had a missing term in it, electric current. This book is not going to go into depth and detail of Angular Momentum or Gravity, but only to get the student a comfortable awareness of what angular-momentum and gravity is, and how it works. After reading this small book and, later, if you want depth and detail of Angular Momentum and Gravity, please see AP's textbook of "Raw Research into ANGULAR-MOMENTUM DYNAMICS// Physics focus series, book 1" , 2019, by Archimedes Plutonium.
The mathematics involved in Angular-Momentum and Gravity is too hard for High School, so hard, that it should be spared of all mathematics, and just a geometry description should be given to High School. And only at the end of Freshperson Physics in College should the mathematics of Angular Momentum and Gravity be given in College 1st year Physics. Spared so that the student is in synch with AP's Freshperson Calculus text which the AP-EM equations are at the end of that textbook. In synch reading of 1st year college calculus and 1st year college physics, do we reach a synchronous moment of education teaching to handle the math of Angular-Momentum and Gravity. So in this text, I will speak about the geometry of Angular Momentum and the geometry of Gravity and that is easy to understand. I am not going to go into any mathematical calculations nor the equations of electricity and magnetism that governs Angular Momentum and Gravity. Only a geometry understanding of Angular-Momentum and Gravity.
2) Strange motion of Uranus and its satellites.
Cover picture is the planet Uranus with several of its satellites. It is Uranus that proves to us what angular-momentum and gravity truly are, and teaches us what gravity truly is-- it is electricity and magnetism.
Cover Picture Note: The proof is Uranus. I was looking for a numbers proof, orbital velocity, angular momentum ellipses, rotation velocity, when in September 2019, as I woke up, I recalled Uranus, with its rotation axis parallel to the Sun ecliptic. All I had to find out, for sure, was whether the satellites orbited in the plane of ecliptic that all other planet satellites did, or, whether the satellites of Uranus orbited perpendicular to the Sun plane ecliptic.
Newton's gravity could never explain why the satellites orbit perpendicular. Nor could General Relativity. The only common sense explanation is that gravity is a injection of electric current into another body that pushes and pulls that other body into a revolution or into a spin rotation.
If the satellites of Uranus had been in the Sun ecliptic plane, then both Newton gravity and General Relativity are correct. But if the satellites of Uranus orbit in a perpendicular to the Solar ecliptic plane, means AP's EM gravity is correct with those satellites injecting Uranus with electric current from their angular-momentum-gravity.
If AP's theory of rotation, is correct, then the satellites that circle Uranus would be perpendicular to the Sun's ecliptic, and that they are. The website Universetoday.com shows a image graphic of the fact that the satellites of Uranus are perpendicular to Sun's ecliptic and so AP's theory that the speed of rotation of a planet is caused by the satellites's angular momentum is correct.)
Angular Momentum and Gravity are allied together. They both come from an equation in physics that is electricity and magnetism. They are different concepts and by that I mean have different units, but they both share some parameters; they both go around in a circuit; they both have an electric current; and they both have ellipses. There is an electric current in Angular Momentum. There is an electric current in Gravity.
I am going to start with Kepler's three laws of motion of planets. This is early history of physics. And Kepler's three laws were taught in High School Physics before we reach the topic of Gravity and Angular Momentum. So Kepler's three laws are easy for High School.
Kepler studied the planets circa 1619, some 400 years before 2019. And Kepler found three famous laws of planetary motion.
1) the orbits of planets is an ellipse with the Sun at a focal point.
2) planets sweep out equal areas in equal time.
3) the square of orbit period is proportional to cube of semimajor axis.
Look up on the Internet the sweeping out of equal areas in equal time. And look up Kepler's 3rd law.
I cannot provide pictures of these laws, and so the Internet can aid in learning these three laws.
Look up the ellipse and become familiar with the parts of the ellipse.
I am not going to make this a long book on Angular Momentum and Gravity but a short and brief one.
3) UNITS of PHYSICS
Here is a list of units of physics and I want the High School student to just be acquainted, get acquainted with, be familiar with what is meant when a physicists talks of "units". Units are super, super important in Physics, and all sciences, and whenever a scientist makes a mistake, often, he or she has made a mistake with units.
What are units? The easiest I suppose is speed, or velocity and its units are distance divided by time. We can write that as d/t distance/time, or write it as meters/seconds, or if larger we write it as kilometers/hour, but essentially it is distance/time. We can write that also as Length divided by time as L*T^-1. The T^-1 means time as a denominator 1/time. The L is length or distance.
velocity or speed = m/s that is meters/seconds, but it could be centimeters/hours or it could be kilometers/years etc etc
acceleration = m/s^2 that is meters/(seconds x seconds) or it could be kilometers/ (hours x hours) etc etc
linear momentum kg*m/s
angular momentum = kg*m^2/(i*s)
frequency = 1/s
Force = kg*m/s^2
Current = i = dq/dt where q is magnetic monopole and this can be written where t = seconds, and the dq means the change in q, and the dt means change in time. This is a derivative, much like dy/dx you studied in High School.
Energy = (i)kg*m^2 / s^2
Energy = Force x distance = work = (i)Mass*L^2T^-2
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 mass*v^2 = 1/2 Mass*L^2T^-2
Force = mass x acceleration = ma = Mass*LT^-2
velocity = LT^-1
acceleration = LT^-2
electric current = i = A
Angular momentum L = kg*m^2/(i*s)
Magnetic Field = kg /A*s^2
Voltage = kg*m^2 /A*s^3
Voltage is the (a) Electric Potential, the (b) Potential Difference and (c) Electromotive Force and all of which has the Units of W/A = kg*m^2/A*s^3
4) Linear Momentum
You may have heard about linear-momentum and learned it was a Mass x Velocity. That was Old Physics, and in New Physics because everything involves electricity and magnetism, that linear momentum does not exist. Everything in the Universe goes around in a circuit of electricity, and that means there is no linear momentum, only angular momentum. We can talk about linear momentum as a "idealization", that a particle is moving in Space with so little of a see-able curve, we can idealize as saying it is linear momentum, but it really is after all angular momentum.
5) Angular Momentum
The most often cited example of angular momentum is a skater that spins rotates in a circle and drawing his/her arms closer to the body and spins faster.
But the best examples of angular momentum are the planets and stars and galaxies and satellites. For angular momentum and gravity are tied up together.
In Old Physics, they thought angular momentum was the units:
Angular Momentum = kg*m^2/s which is kilograms*meters^2 / seconds. That is mass*area / time. Trouble with Old Physics angular momentum is they forgot a important term of electric current (i).
The true equation of angular momentum needs a electric current (i) term in it.
angular momentum = kg*m^2/(i)*s
You see that extra term (i) in the denominator? This is the important term they missed in 20th century physics.
6) Principle that Angular Momentum is represented by an ellipse.
Here I apply a Principle of Physics, the principle that says Angular Momentum is depicted geometrically as a Ellipse. You can do Angular Momentum as algebraic numeric of its units.
Angular momentum L = kg*meter^2/((i)*seconds) where electric current "i" the term that every physicist of the 20th century missed.
Or, you can do Angular Momentum as represented by geometry of Kepler's three laws of motion:
1) the orbits of planets is an ellipse with the Sun at a focal point.
2) planets sweep out equal areas in equal time.
3) the square of orbit period is proportional to cube of semimajor axis.
7) Principle of Gravity
PRINCIPLE OF GRAVITY: Gravity occurs when two objects exist in Space and that Space is composed of a Voltage Field, Space is a Voltage Field. This Voltage Field are successive closed loops. Both objects have a magnetic field and as one object moves through the Voltage Field of the other object those lines of force are cut producing electricity and this electricity impels the object to move along the tracks of the Voltage Field.
Here I want the students and teacher to spend a day with an experiment in class of a sheet of paper or enclosed plastic container that holds iron filings. And with a bar magnet, form a picture of the Magnetic Field of Lines of Force. They should resemble these pictures:
__
__..=......._ | | _.......=..__
,-; :=._ | | _.=: ;-,
_,' _____`-:. | | .:-'_____ `,_
/ _.-'' `-.::. | | .::.-' ``-._ \
,' ,' _,,,_`:. | | .:'_,,,_ `, `,
.' ,' ,' `,`.| |.',' `, `, `.
| ,' ,' `,| |,' `, `, |
| | .' || || `. | |
| | | || || | | |
| | | || || | | |
| \ \ || || / / |
\ \ \ .'| |`. / / /
\ \ `.____.-' || || `-.____.' / /
\ `._ .'|| ||`. _.' /
`. `-.._______.-' | | `-._______..-' .'
`._ __.-' | | `-.__ _.'
`.._ _;-' |__| `-;_ _..'
`'------'' ``------`'
Pictures of going around. Of circuits. Of ellipses.
__
__..=......._ | | _.......=..__
,-;,-' _..-----.:=._ | | _.=:.-----.._ `-,;-,
_,',' ,-' _____`-:. | | .:-'_____ `-, `,`,_
/ ,' ,' _.-''__...:..::. | | .::..:...__``-._ `, `, \
,' / ,' ,' _,' _,,,_-.. | | ..-_,,,_ `,_ `, `, \ `,
.' / / ,' / ,' `, | | ,' `, \ `, \ \ `.
| / / ,' .' ,' `,| |,' `, `. `, \ \ |
| .' / | | .' `| |' `. | | \ `. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | \ \ \ \ /| |\ / / / / | |
\ '. \ \ \ \ / | | \ / / / / .` /
\ `. \ \ `. `._ _.' | | `._ _.' .' / / .' /
\ \ `. `._ `.._ `''=-'''| |```-=``' _..' _.' .' / /
`. `. `._ `-..__i;;:=;;;' | | `;;;=:;;j__..-' _.' .' .'
`._`-._ `-.._____..=:i,' | | `,j:=.._____..-' _.-'_.'
`.._`--.....,-=;-' |__| `-;=-,.....--'_..'
`'------''
Those are magnetic field Lines of Force. And you will learn in electricity and magnetism that electricity is the duality of magnetism. That means, if magnetism goes around in a closed loop or ellipses, means that electricity, the electric current goes around in a closed loop or ellipse.
All of Space is a Voltage Field, and any object in Space, whether the Sun and Earth or a person on planet Earth or the water of a river or the trees of a forest, all of them are in a Voltage Field with lines of force of electric current.
Space itself is this Electric Voltage Field with Lines of Force. That is an important understanding and let me just repeat it.
Space itself is this Electric Voltage Field with Lines of Force.
Space itself is this Electric Voltage Field with Lines of Force.
Now let me explain what Gravity is, for it is very similar to Angular Momentum.
The best I have on that at this moment in time is to look at this ellipse angular momentum of Earth going around the Sun.
__
.-' `-.
.' `.
/ \
; ;
| S |
; ;
\ /
`. .'E
`- . _____ .-'
S is for Sun and E is for Earth. The Sun creates Lines of Force, a Voltage Field of Space around the Sun.
One of those lines of force is the above ellipse. That is one ellipse of many that the Sun creates, for it creates a ellipse that is the orbit of Mercury, another for the orbit of Venus, another for the orbit of Mars, etc.
So the Sun creates Space around the Sun as these ellipse tracks or pathways, or orbits.
But the Sun creates something else, more than the ellipse tracks. For the Sun creates a electric current that follows in those ellipse tracks.
So the Sun holds Earth in orbit by injecting this electric current of the Sun, injecting that electric current into Earth and this current pushes and pulls Earth in that Sun ellipse track.
The same can be said of the Moon, only we replace the Sun as the creator of a Voltage Field track with Earth, and it is Earth that is injecting electric current into the Moon and making the Moon follow a Voltage Field track that the Earth created.
That is the force of gravity in its most simple geometry picture. It is all about electricity and magnetism that creates a Space that is a Voltage Field track and with injected electric current, both pushes and pulls a body in that track.
8) Return and Review of the Moons (satellites) of Uranus.
So, let me return the High School student to Uranus and its moons once again. We learned from the principle of gravity, that the moons of Uranus, that Uranus creates a magnetic field around the planet Uranus. This field is like tracks of closed loops, ellipses. And through those tracks, Uranus injects a electric current that both pushes the moon and pulls the moon to orbit around Uranus. Gravity is the magnetic track that Uranus builds. And Angular Momentum is the electricity flowing from Uranus around in the track that a moon is orbiting. The electricity pushes the moon and pulls the moon to follow around in that track of magnetism.
So why is Newton's law of gravity wrong? Newton's law of gravity is wrong because the moons of Uranus do not orbit around Uranus in the ecliptic of the Sun. Uranus revolves around the Sun in the Sun's ecliptic, but the moons of Uranus are perpendicular to the Sun's ecliptic.
Quoting a Google search hit list for "Uranus moon sun ecliptic".
Miranda (moon) - Wikipedia. org › wiki › Miranda_(moon)
Because Uranus orbits the Sun on its side, Miranda's orbit is perpendicular to the ecliptic and shares Uranus' extreme seasonal cycle. At just 470 km in diameter, ...
Uranus' "Frankenstein moon" Miranda - Phys. orgphys. org › Astronomy & Space › Space Exploration
Nov 2, 2015 - Given that it orbits around Uranus' equator, which means its orbit is perpendicular to the Sun's ecliptic, Uranus goes through an extreme seasonal ...
New moons of Uranus - Astronetcarlkop. home. xs4all. nl › uramoon
... orbits of the moons. Most moons circle the mother planet in the same plane as planets circle the sun, called the ecliptic plane. Uranus boasts 16 moons that ...
I am being very careful and keeping in mind that I am teaching High School students one of the toughest concepts in all of physics. So tough that not even the best and finest physicists of the 20th century understood angular momentum. For if they understood angular momentum they would have realized that the hydrogen atom with a 938MeV proton and a 0.5MeV electron could not exist at all, lacking angular momentum. For the hydrogen atom to exist with angular momentum, you need the proton to be 840MeV, electron is the muon at 105MeV and the muon stuck inside the proton torus doing the Faraday Law of producing electricity by thrusting round and round inside the proton torus.
In order to teach High School the concept of angular momentum along with gravity, it is prudent to teach it solely geometrically, devoid of math formulas and equations that only obfuscates. That hinders teaching and understanding. Angular Momentum and Gravity are only fully math taught at the end of first year college calculus, do we begin to teach the math formulas, equations and calculus of these two concepts.
9) Quantum Duality that is Electricity to Magnetism, and that is Angular Momentum with Force of Gravity.
Students, look again at the units chapter earlier and notice that the Angular Momentum units are
Angular momentum L = kg*m^2/(i*s).
Now look at the Force units above and they are F = kg*m/s^2.
Now, let us focus on just the meters and seconds in those two concepts.
For Angular Momentum we have m^2/s and for Force we have m/s^2.
Notice that one is the opposite of the other. They are not inverse or reverses in math. For reverse and inverse you would have something like 2 and 1/2 where 2*1/2 is equal to 1. So the reverse of 2 is 1/2 and the reverse of 1/2 is 2. Take 5 for example. Its reverse is 1/5 for you do a 5*1/5 you get 1.
So m^2/s is not the reverse of m/s^2, but notice what happens if we multiply these two together we have m*2/s X m/s^2 = m^3/ s^3.
It is known in physics that 3rd dimension is the highest dimension and the last dimension possible. There are just three dimensions in physics. When you have something such as meters^3/ seconds^3, you have the highest and last dimension possible.
When you multiply Angular Momentum by Force (Gravity Force) and end up with meters^3/ seconds^3 has a special name in Quantum Mechanics Physics. It is called duality complamentarity. The dual of wave is particle. The dual of electricity is magnetism. Now we have a dual of Angular Momentum and Force of Gravity.
Mathematics has duality in abundance. For geometry is the dual of numbers. And in calculus, the derivative is the dual of the integral. The octahedron of regular polyhedra is the dual of cubes.
Duality in physics means existence. Whenever you have magnetism, you also have electricity alongside, and vice versa.
So for the planet Earth to be gravitationally bound to the Sun, means the Sun has created a magnetic field track in space, that is Sun's gravity force. One of those magnetic field tracks is the revolution track for planet Earth. And the way the Sun keeps Earth locked into that magnetic field track and moving around the Sun is angular momentum of the Sun shooting electricity into Earth that both pushes Earth in its orbit around the Sun and pulls Earth in its orbit around the Sun. Gravity is not one single concept but is two concepts of force of gravity and of angular momentum.
10) Angular-Momentum equals Electric-Field.
This is a short chapter, very short, with a little bit of math of units. I want the student to get acquainted with how angular-momentum is equal to Electric-field.
We have force units above as F = kg * meters/seconds^2.
We have magnetic field units above as Magnetic Field = kg /A*s^2.
Notice that force has terms of m/s^2 while magnetic field has terms of 1/s^2.
Both would be the same if there was a meter term in the numerator of magnetic field, but there is no meter term in numerator of Magnetic field.
But physics has a concept of "strength of force" and that concept is force per meter. In other words, force divided by meter. So if we take F = kg*meters/seconds^2 and divide it out by meters, we end up with kg/seconds^2. And that leaves us with Force strength equals Magnetic-Field.
Now we examine the Voltage units and it is Voltage = kg*m^2 /A*s^3.
That can be broken apart into Voltage = i *B *L where we multiply current i, by magnetic field B, by angular momentum L.
We write A = i, for we usually denote current as either the letter A or the letter i.
So we have kg*m^2 /A*s^3 = A * kg /A*s^2 * kg*m^2/ A*s.
The term A is current.
The term kg/A*s^2 is either magnetic field or if you prefer force-strength per meter. This is the force of gravity.
The last term is kg*m^2/ A*s and we have called it angular-momentum, but we can also call it simply the Electric Field. So we define Electric Field as being units of kg*m^2/A*s. This Electric Field is what pushes and pulls the planet Earth to go around the Sun. The Sun creates a magnetic field track as force of gravity, and the Sun creates a Electric Field that pushes and pulls each planet in its magnetic field track.
Feynman wrote a nice little book called the "The Character of Physical Law", 1965, and in that book he discusses a nice hypothesis of how gravity might work. On page 31, he starts discussing a hypothesis of how gravity might work as particles bombarding both planet Earth and the Sun from all over Space, and because of the "shadow of the Sun" causing an impulse of Earth towards the Sun. But on page 33, Feynman describes why this hypothesis is wrong in saying more hits of particles will come from the front of Earth in its path of motion. So Feynman goes about showing why that is a wrong hypothesis.
But Feynman never cited a hypothesis that uses electricity and magnetism. This book is all about a mechanism that uses electricity and magnetism that explains gravity as a force.
11) Angular-Momentum equals Electric-Field equals Area speed (Area velocity).
Now we also can make angular momentum which is the same as Electric field a bit easier to understand as a velocity or speed concept. We think of speed as normally that of distance divided by time. We write that as meters/second. This is speed or velocity. How many meters traveled in a given time. And we know that acceleration is meters/second^2. Acceleration is distance divided by seconds times seconds. Acceleration can be thought of as how fast is a velocity moving. In calculus, acceleration is the rate of change of speed. Where speed is a first derivative, acceleration is a second derivative.
And acceleration is found in the concept of Force, for force is mass times acceleration.
So we have velocity (speed) = meters/second
Acceleration = meters/second^2
But now, say we reverse m/s^2 to that of m^2/s. Instead of squaring the seconds we square the meters distance. When we square the distance we get an area.
So in a sense, m^2/s is area per second. Instead of the speed being distance per second, we have area per second.
And area in Physics means energy. So we have area/second and that is energy/second.
Now Angular Momentum is in units of meters^2/second. So angular momentum is energy/second.
While examining how to make equal the angular momentum of proton with its 8 rings of 105MeV each, and the muon's one ring of 105MeV, I see I simply need a speed factor of 8 times the muon to make that equality. This allows me to simplify the concept of angular momentum so much further simplified. Simplify angular momentum as a speed of area (area = energy). Normal usual speed is distance/time while angular momentum is energy/time. So in speed and its derivative acceleration we have m/s then m/s^2, but in angular momentum we have a reversal of acceleration by making the numerator be squared as m^2/s.
So actually acceleration is more complicated than even is that of angular momentum. For acceleration is a second derivative, but angular momentum is seen as a speed, not of distance but of energy.
So that maybe the ultimate simplification of Angular Momentum = Electric Field. That Angular Momentum is a speed of energy. Thus, Electric Field is a speed of energy.
Archimedes Plutonium
Mar 15, 2021, 3:47 PM
to Plutonium Atom Universe newsgroup
No-one in the 20th century physics understood what Angular Momentum was. Not even AP who was borne 1950, not until about 2017 and thereafter did a single person in physics start to wake up about angular momentum and to start to get it correct. And even as I write this in 2021, there are still shadowy spots of "what is angular momentum". It is an extremely extremely difficult concept for humans to grapple with, for it is not just a physical notion of speed of energy, but a notion of a force like gravity or like electric field. And there again, no-one in the 20th century actually had a handle on electric field. Oh, yes, they all could understand magnetic field, that is the easy one as we see the Lines of Force, but the electric field was so so difficult a notion or common experience to relate to.
And the 20th century had great talent of physicists with incredible math skills of Planck and Rutherford and Bohr and Pauli and Fermi and Dirac and Feynman and John Bell, enormous talent, but not a one of them aware of "what is angular momentum". Because to be aware of Angular Momentum, you would be aware that it is impossible to have the electron of atoms at 0.5MeV flying around a dense nucleus at nearly the speed of light and still stay together as a atom, impossible. So if anyone, anyone at all thinks they know what angular momentum is, would know that the real proton of hydrogen atom is 840MeV as a torus of 8 rings, each ring being 105MeV as a torus ring and trapped inside that torus is the true electron of atoms as the muon of 105MeV, and performing a job, a task, a function of being a bar magnet muon to the proton's being a Faraday coil and producing electricity everytime the muon goes round and round inside the proton torus. It was impossible in the 20th century to know what Angular Momentum was, yet have a Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom, just crazily impossible. Either you held the idiotic electron at 0.5MeV flying around a proton at 938MeV at close to speed of light, never constrained by the proton, or, as when you trap a muon inside a 840MeV proton torus.
Not until starting 2017, could AP begin to find out what Angular Momentum truly is, for you can never know angular momentum in a physics world where idiots think that a proton and neutron and electron have no job, no task, no function but just sitting around lazily like some tourists on a beach sipping lemonade in a nucleus or a 0.5MeV particle flying around outside the nucleus at close to speed of light.
Speed in physics is truly distance/time or meters/second and when we take the derivative of speed we get acceleration as a=m/s^2. The rate of change of speed is acceleration. But now, what if we turned acceleration around to be m^2/second, we square the distance and leave the seconds time alone? Well, we get a parameter that is the heart of Angular Momentum as meters^2 / seconds.
No-one in the 20th century ever really understood what m^2/s was. They all said it was something going around in circles. The all said it was area divided by time, but never comprehended it in a physical meaning.
What is m^2/s and that is answered by saying meter^2/second is a speed, a velocity, but not the usual speed and velocity of distance/time. For m^2/s is a speed of energy. Meters^2 is a area and if you know physics, area is energy and so is volume is energy. Area is energy and so we can replace meter^2/second replace that with Energy/second.
That is what made angular momentum one of the most difficult concepts in all of physics. Angular Momentum is a speed of energy. But energy that is electricity and magnetism, so that compounds the difficulty.
Angular momentum is the Electric Field of physics. And is main component of the force of gravity. Angular momentum is the solar rays turned into circular Lines of Force that penetrate through and out of the solid Earth giving it both a push in its orbit and a pull on Earth to make it orbit around the Sun. Angular Momentum as Electric field is gravity.
AP
zzzzzzzzzz
plutonium dot archimedes at gmail dot com. Looking for a College or University press to hardcover publish all 317+ AP books of science, likely to become 500-600 maybe even 700 books by the time I die. E-books are too prone to unbalanced-unhinged censor-editors, who can easily make your books vanish by pulling a switch. Science should never have gatekeepers, who thwart access to true science.
| /
| /
|/______ hardcover or paperback
PAU newsgroup is this.
https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!forum/plutonium-atom-universe
Archimedes Plutonium