plink2 does complain about duplicate variant names when they create real ambiguity. So, yes, it will work when plink1.9 fails when your main dataset contains duplicate variant IDs which never appear in the --clump input files. But if the --clump input files contain some of those duplicated IDs, plink2 will have no choice but to complain as well, since --clump is defined to only look at variant-ID and p-value columns for compatibility reasons (so CHROM/POS/REF/ALT can't be used to disambiguate).
(Relatedly, plink2 has some *new* duplicate-variant-ID errors; for example, --indep-pairwise doesn't allow them anymore, and --write-snplist forces you to explicitly opt-in.)
plink2's --set-all-var-ids and --rm-dup flags are very useful for deduplicating variants and their IDs so that everything else works as you'd expect.