Encrypt Dvd Windows 10

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Eddie Listner

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Jun 30, 2024, 9:57:53 AM6/30/24
to plictelamo

Computer security and privacy are daunting subjects that call to mind global ransomware gangs, targeted espionage, and data-hungry behemoths. And yet, often overlooked in this roiling digital miasma is the fact that there's one simple step you can take to protect both your privacy and your security: Encrypting your computer.

When discussing encrypting data, experts typically talk about two distinct categories: encryption of data in motion, and encryption of data at rest. For the former, think of things like text messaging. Apps like Signal use end-to-end encryption to ensure messages (data in motion) can't be read by third parties. And that's great! For the latter, which is what this piece is focused on, think about the data that lives on people's computers or phones.

In 2009, journalists studying global e-waste stumbled across a computer hard drive loaded with documents tied to U.S. defense contractor Northrop Grumman. The hard drive was unencrypted, and the journalists reportedly found "hundreds and hundreds of documents about government contracts" and files marked "competitive sensitive."

"It's a shame that operating systems for laptops and desktops, such as Mac and Windows, are not presenting [encryption] as a default because it's really such a basic step that everyone should take," observed Quinton.

Those looking to take that basic computer hygiene step are in luck, as often there's no additional software or skills required. Most modern computers provide owners a baked-in process (as long as they know where to look).

apparently despite that it was said that LE is included in MS's root Program, on a 21h2 system we just set up, it tried to chain down to the DST Root via the LE root (so leaf -> intermediate -> ISRG X1 -> DST X3)

How are you testing that?
Windows is known to be lazy.
See: ISRG Root lazy loading problem + missing from (random) updated Windows 10 versions - Help - Let's Encrypt Community Support (letsencrypt.org)

Also would adding a few extra certs, especially the root of what's probably the most used CA in the whole internet for websites especially with how bloated windows has become, be that much of an issue

So, as @rg305 said, Windows does this "lazy loading" of certificates. If you go to -isrgrootx1.letsencrypt.org/ (or any other Let's Encrypt secured site) in Edge (or Chrome or any other system that uses the system trust store), it will detect that the root isn't one in its list, check with Microsoft for info on that root, and download and add it to its trust store.

Ah, of course. I should have thought of that. Yes, Microsoft assumes that you wouldn't be in a case where one was trying to validate a new certificate while not having Internet access to them. It looks like that assumption doesn't hold in your case.

It's not clear to me how Microsoft chooses which roots get actually pre-bundled rather than only-download-on-demand. I suppose it's possible that Let's Encrypt might have more luck reaching out to them and asking than you might, but I wouldn't expect a whole lot of luck either way. (To be slightly more optimistic, in this thread Let's Encrypt contacted Microsoft to change the root in their store to be trusted for Client Authentication, so it looks like changes of some sort are at least possible.)

In the meantime, I think that if you're going to have systems without Internet access that need to be able to validate Let's Encrypt certificates, you'll need to add the root to their trust store manually, by like downloading ISRG Root X1 self-signed pem from Let's Encrypt directly and installing it, like via USB stick or adding it to the image you're cloning from or whatever "sneakernet"/non-online method makes sense for you.

at least for now it should be enough if edge just continues to let me bypass the warning, even if obviously far from ideal, although the most used CA on the web should maybe included in the long run, lol

For windows to auto populate it's root certificates you need to allow outgoing http/https connections (to a variety of locations), windows update must be active and working and group policy must allow Automatic Root Certificates Update.

As mentioned by others Windows can lazy load roots and intermediates but it only does that when you make an outgoing https request to an resource that uses that root. Installing ISRG Root X1 (self signed) is universally the solution on windows. DST Root X3 will not be trusted by windows.

What are the IP Ranges for microsoft windows update? I know microsoft list the url to be allowed in the firewall for windows update for the wsus but the current firewall does not support url filtering. So IP Addresses are needed.

I personally don't know of any good guides off-hand but we do list a number of Windows ACME clients in our documentation. Hopefully one of those would be a good starting point for finding further docs, or perhaps someone more familiar with Windows can reply to this thread with better links.

Though, I have one more issue.
I am trying to get my Tomcat based website to SSL certified aswell, but I can't seem to work it out using Letsencrypt.
I can find support for it regarding other servers than a Windows server, but sadly we are a Microsoft only company.

If Tomcat is behind IIS, then you don't have to do anything about SSL in Tomcat itself, IIS will handle the SSL connections with the Let's Encrypt certificate that you installed on your Windows server. Tomcat, in this case, will be sending and receiving clear-text between itself and IIS - and IIS will send and receive SSL encrypted traffic between itself and the remote client.

Tomcat behind IIS requires the use of an IIS-Tomcat redirector (an IIS plugin). You may have (depending on the connector you choose) some one-time IIS and (mostly) Tomcat configuration, but it will be worth it to offload the SSL configuration to the IS server and use the automatic renewal capabilities (and free SSL certs) of Let's Encrypt.

On the other hand, if Tomcat is your front-end web-server, then you've got to deal with the mess of getting SSL set up on Tomcat to begin with (keygens, CSRs, etc.) - and, unless there is someone with a Java ACME client; I don't know of a way to automate the initial request or the renewal of Let's Encrypt SSL certificates in your Tomcat server.

Have you ever considered an encrypted data vault for your sensitive documents? For example, Keeper Security allows you to store any type of file within your Keeper Vault. Each vault is encrypted with 256 AES and each record within the vault is also encrypted with a separate 256 AES encryption key. Keeper also allows you to share any records/files with other that need access and set various enforcements including 2FA, platform restrictions, IP White-listing, etc.

In our case, our domain and public DNS are hosted on OVH, which as far as I can tell has an API to manage the DNS zone programmatically. Many other DNS providers offer APIs to make such changes. Can you confirm that this would allow me to pass the DNS challenge, if properly configured?

In terms of using Let's Encrypt certificate in Windows Remote Desktop, we've had a handful of questions about that and it doesn't look like anyone ever reported back afterward about how well it worked (or didn't work).

For removing the spaces from the fingerprint, do you have an equivalent of tr in the Windows command line, maybe with Powershell? In Unix you could use tr -d ' ' to remove spaces from a string, without having to do it by hand in a text editor.

As far I understand it, this should be completely automatable through PowerShell and Python, right?
For example, at renewal you would run certbot, with a hook for DNS validation, and once we have the certificate then obtain the thumbprint and store it in a PowerShell variable (with space removal), convert the certificate to PFX and import it. This last step is still not clear to me: in your screenshot you used the key store GUI, can you use PowerShell to import the certificate, or update it on renewal? On Windows does it work and makes sense to use something such as symlinks like on Unix OSes?

I am working my way through the powershell side also going to log a request with the boulder team to make PFX an option as being able to download a PFX file from letsencrypt will simplify things for windows users

I bet a PowerShell expert can automate most of this process. I understand that Microsoft has exposed a significant amount of Windows configuration to PowerShell in one way or another. So I expect there could be a script made that takes care of most of these steps for you.

And IF a single signed RDP client will work when copied to other client workstations - you can also use Active Directory to deploy that signed RDP client file to the other workstations:

Using Group Policy Preferences for copying files:
experts-exchange.com Using Group Policy Preferences for copying filesI know all systems administrator at some time or another has had to create a script to copy file from a server share to a desktop. Well now there is an easy way to do this in Group Policy. Using...

I installed Windows 10 and enabled BitLocker.I started the Ubuntu installation, and, when asking to install side-by-side with Windows, I received a prompt that sent me to here: -installation-on-computers-running-windows-and-bitlocker-turned-on/15338/5

When I installed Windows, I intentionally left an unallocated partition at the end of the disk.Now I'm thinking to just "manually" tell the installer to install Ubuntu on it, but I'm not sure if I'll get the dual-boot screen this way.

My last concern is about encryption at the Ubuntu side. Will Ubuntu be able to encrypt only its own partition, and thus not affect my Windows installation, with the tool that comes with it? If not - perhaps someone can suggest an alternative tool that would allow that? (a commercial tool is also acceptable).

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