These are all the instruments you can use in the game. The instrument delivery beacon given by the Musician Quirk allows any most instruments to be summoned. (You can also summon headphones.) Some instruments can be found on the station, usually in the Bar.
Note 1: A good rule of thumb is to remove every track/channel except the main melody, chords and bass using a midi editor. Doing this will clean up the midi and make it sound good in-game. You could also get creative and cut a midi into different parts if you have other band members!
Note 2: To edit midis you need MidiEditor.org. This midi editor also works well, and doesn't need a download.
Note 3: You can use sites such FreeMidi.org to find midis to edit.
Note 4: You can edit the file midi2piano.py to adjust some parameters. Check its readme file to know more.