Here are some thoughts towards a submission.
The EU needs a drastic rethink on its policy towards the Arctic. The present policy does not consider the long term protection of its citizens. The EU needs to recognise that the Arctic is the main source of the immediate climate crisis and the sea level crisis to come. The EU must change its focus from exploitation of the Arctic to protection of the Arctic: halting its accelerated heating and meltdown. The EU must accept that a number of tipping processes are being driven by heating and melting, and these processes need to be slowed if not reversed. The urgent need for cooling intervention has to be squarely faced, otherwise these processes will soon become irreversible with dreadful consequences for the citizens of the Arctic, the citizens of Western Europe, and the citizens of the whole world.
The Arctic is a critical component of the Earth System, as proven from the paleo records. Evidence suggests that at the end of the Younger Dryas, 11.7 thousand years ago, the temperature in the Arctic (as measured by ice cores) lept by 7-10C over a period of a few decades, with the Arctic becoming seasonally ice-free, the climate in Europe becoming much hotter to herald the start of the Holocene, and the sea level rising by 20 metres in 400 years. There is also some evidence of megatsunamis originating from the collapse of the Hudson Bay ice dome.
History could be repeating itself, but starting from a higher base temperature. Since 1980, the Arctic has been warming at four times the rate of global warming which is now around 0.35C per decade. Thus 2C could be reached by 2040 and 4C by 2100 globally, with 8C and 16C respectively in the Arctic. The Greenland Ice Sheet contains enough ice mass to raise the sea level by at least 7 metres. A partial collapse of the Greenland Ice Sheet could begin at any time, leading to megatsunamis and sudden sea level rise. The partial collapse could trigger a similar collapse from some large Antarctic glaciers which are already in a critical state. Together with steric sea level rise from ocean expansion, it has been estimated that a 2.5m sea level rise is quite possible this century, with a significant risk of a much greater rise.
Arctic fragility has been demonstrated since 1980 by rapid warming and accelerated tipping processes: (i) discharge of icebergs and meltwater from glaciers to raise sea level; (ii) discharge of the potent greenhouse gas, methane, from thawing permafrost thereby contributing to local and global warming; and (iii) disruption of polar jet stream behaviour as the temperature gradient from the Arctic to tropics is lowered. The jet stream disruption is manifest in greater meandering and sticking: there is a growing tendency for the Rossby wave to get into blocking patterns, causing "stuck weather" and associated weather extremes: droughts, heatwaves and floods. The accelerated growth in stuck weather and its consequences should be a major concern for the EU.
There is also a weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), another tipping process. It is thought that a collapse could occur within a few decades, sufficient to drastically alter European weather and cripple economies.
A cascade of tipping processes is possible. For example, a partial collapse of the Greenland Ice Sheet could cause the collapse of the AMOC into a different circulation mode. All four tipping processes are liable to reach a point of no return, when reversal becomes impossible and some kind of collapse becomes inevitable.
All the EU countries with coastlines are threatened by coastal inundation of sea water, from a combination of sea level rise, storm surges and extremes of precipitation. The EU has a choice between relying on defences against inundation (where a sea level rise of 2.5m or more is quite possible this century; see above) and the deployment of cooling interventions to halt sea level rise and reverse climate change. The EU would be foolish to ignore cooling intervention with SAI, when its annual cost could be a fraction of the annual cost of sea defences alone.
The EU could take a lead role in protecting the Arctic by cooling it; most major powers seem intent on exploiting the fact that the Arctic is in meltdown by planning sea routes and resource extraction operations.
Must stop now. I hope I've got you all thinking! Perhaps some AI work could be done.
Cheers, John