local reasoning, or heck

[Raoul Duke]

For example, real world existing html/(s)css/js is often nigh impossible to update in the small. E.g. a text label is not fully right-aligned with something above it on the page as would be desired based on the Figma designs. No clear way to know why, or how to fix it. All attempts failed. Even AI failed. Probably something about some state in the hierarchy? Utterly unmanageable.

What programming paradigms best attack the problem of interdependence like that?