The term "water horse" was originally a name given to the kelpie, a creature similar to the hippocamp, which has the head, neck and mane of a normal horse, front legs like a horse, webbed feet, and a long, two-lobed, whale-like tail. The term has also been used as a nickname for lake monsters, particularly Ogopogo and Nessie.[1] The name "kelpie" has often been a nickname for many other Scottish lake monsters, such as each uisge and Morag of Loch Morar and Lizzie of Loch Lochy.[2] Other names for these sea monsters include "seahorse" (not referring to the seahorse fish) and "hippocampus" (which is the genus name for seahorses).
The usage of "water horse" or "kelpie" can often be a source of confusion; some consider the two terms to be synonymous, while others distinguish the water horse as a denizen of lochs and the kelpie of turbulent water such as rivers, fords, and waterfalls. Some authors call one creature of a certain place a kelpie while others call it a water horse. The name "water bull" has been used for either creature.
The Breton King Gradlon's magical "horse of the sea" Morvarc'h (whose name literally means "sea horse" in Breton) was said to have the ability to gallop upon the waves of the sea, in a similar fashion to the water horses of Cornish legend.
The water horse has often become a basic description of other lake monsters such as the Nessie and the Lake Champlain monster known as Champ. Loch Morar is reputedly home to "Morag", a lake monster that has been portrayed as a water horse.
Whilst most Scottish/Celtic folklore places the water horse in a loch (particularly a loch that is famous for a lake monster, such as Loch Ness, Loch Morar or Loch Lomond), some Breton and Cornish tales of water horses place them in the ocean, making them sea monsters.
Most Highland loch have some kind of water-horse tradition, although a study of 19th-century literature of the time showed that only about sixty lochs and lochans merited a mention out of the thousands of bodies of water in Scotland. The water horse that was reputed to inhabit Loch Ness gained the most mentions in Highland literature.[3]
The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep (stylised on-screen as simply The Water Horse) is a 2007 fantasy drama film directed by Jay Russell and written by Robert Nelson Jacobs, based on Dick King-Smith's children's novel The Water Horse. It stars Alex Etel as a young boy who discovers a mysterious egg and cares for what hatches out of it: a "water horse" (loosely based on the Celtic water horse) which later becomes the fabled Loch Ness Monster. The film also stars Emily Watson, Ben Chaplin and David Morrissey.
Visual effects on the film were handled by New Zealand visual effects specialists Weta Digital and Weta Workshop who mainly did Crusoe. Most of the roughly 600 effects shots in the film involved Crusoe. And many of those shots involved the creature (Crusoe) interacting with water, which, in terms of the history of computer graphics, has always been a particularly difficult substance to deal with.[10]In terms of the design of the creature, Weta Digital tried to not humanise him but instead based some of his expressions on real animals such as a dog. "We wanted to create something which seemed familiar, but was unique at the same time," said Russell. "As a result, Crusoe's face is a combination of a horse, a dog, an eagle and a giraffe."[11] When creating his movements and body shape at various stages of growth, the animators referenced animals ranging from baby birds to seals to whales.[10]
A promotional poster for the film, featuring silhouettes of Etel's character and Crusoe on the loch, was seen as early as June 2006 during the New York Licensing Show alongside promotional art for the Disney Fairies and Kung Fu Panda.[17] Another poster that features Etel's character with Crusoe on the loch during the daytime was released in October 2007.[18] Two teaser trailers were released in quick succession in June 2007. The first was a teaser created specifically for the Rock Ness Music Festival on 9 and 10 June,[19] but was leaked onto the internet and later pulled.[20] A different trailer[21] was released to Yahoo.com on 22 June 2007 and became the official teaser.[22] Internet promotion includes several different official different websites in the English (with individual websites for the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia), Spanish,[23] French[24] and Russian[25] languages. They were launched by Sony in early November 2007 and feature photos, video clips, a video blog, games and information on the film's plot and production.[26] Another website was created by the film's production companies, asecretthisbig.com, and is dedicated to the examination of the Loch Ness Monster's existence in reality.[27] Additionally, the film has a YouTube account which features the video blogs from the official website, as well as additional video content.[28] Two sweepstakes were created for The Water Horse. The first, "See It To Believe It," awarded the winner with a family trip to the Aquarium of the Pacific. The second, "Unloch the Legend" awarded the winner with a family trip to Scotland.[29] A 15-meter "water screen" was used to project a moving image, with sound, of the Water Horse in Tokyo Bay.[30]
These water horses can also appear in human form. They may materialize as a beautiful young woman, hoping to lure young men to their death. Or they might take on the form of a hairy human lurking by the river, ready to jump out at unsuspecting travellers and crush them to death in a vice-like grip.
A common Scottish folk tale is that of the kelpie and the ten children. Having lured nine children onto its back, it chases after the tenth. The child strokes its nose and his finger becomes stuck fast. He manages to cut off his finger and escapes. The other nine children are dragged into the water, never to be seen again.
The Great Glen in the Scottish highlands is a rift valley 60 miles long and contains three famous lochs; Lochy, Oich and Ness. The most famous of these is Loch Ness because of the monster said to 'lurk' in its deep waters.
Sometimes they are black; sometimes white. In Aberdeenshire, the Kelpie is portrayed with a mane of serpents. Many have their hooves reversed compared to an ordinary horse. Some sing. Some look like friendly ponies. Some can change form, taking the shape of a person. All have the strength and endurance of 10 normal horses.
But do not be lured by the beauty and immense power of these mythical, transforming beasts. For they are malevolent, preying on and devouring any human they encounter. Those friendly ponies luring children to ride on their backs have magical, sticky hides. Once mounted, children can never dismount and disappear into the murky waters, never to be seen again.
Construction of The Kelpies began in June 2013, and the steel structures were fabricated in North Yorkshire by SH Structures. When the two structural steel frameworks were erected, they were each clad in 990 uniquely shaped stainless-steel plates. Construction was completed in October 2013, when the park was opened to the public. It is now a world-class, go-to destination for tourists. In the first year alone, nearly a million tourists visited the Kelpies. Every year, many more have been transfixed by the size, beauty, engineering feat, and legendary story of the magical water horses.
As a general rule, water intake is proportional to dry-matter intake, but the composition and digestibility of the feed is also a factor. Horses consuming all-hay diets drink more water than horses fed a grain diet coupled with hay or a complete pelleted diet.
Horses on good-quality pastures, which can be 65 to 80 percent water, will consume less drinking water compared to horses on hay and grain because a large percentage of their water needs are met by the moisture in the grass. That is why idle horses might actually consume less water in the summer than in the winter when they are stalled and on a hay-based diet. Their total water intake may be identical during both seasons, but just coming from different sources.
An idle, 1,100-pound horse in a cool environment will drink 6 to 10 gallons of water per day. That amount may increase to 15 gallons per day in a hot environment. Work horses require 10-18 gallons of water per day on average but could require much more in hot weather. Nursing mares drink more water because of fluid loss associated with milk production and increased consumption of feed to support milk production. An 1,100-pound nursing mare can easily drink up to 20 gallons of water per day. Foals also have higher water requirements and will drink 6 to 8 gallons of water per day even in relatively cool weather.
Horses typically drink less water in cold weather, whereas heat and humidity increase their water requirements. In exercising horses, water intake may increase as much as 80 percent in horses moved from a cool climate to a hot, humid climate.
All horses need clean, good-quality water at all times. Outdoor water troughs should be cleaned at least every couple of week to remove debris and algae. Stall water buckets should be emptied and rinsed daily. Check automatic water systems daily, as they could malfunction and not be providing adequate amounts of water.
Outside of winter, the main ability of the water horse is somewhat similar to the griffin's ability, pushing greedlings, crushers and breeders away with waves of water. However, unlike the wind from the flapping wings, the waves would put out flames, be it fire trails from the fire tower, or ignited greed units.
The water horse is dark green during the hot seasons, and whitish blue during the winter.These colors, along with the way it emerges from the waterfall in the forest, the way it can feed on any type of ground, the reflections on its body, and even the shape of its tail, all these details indicate that this mount is indeed made of water, and it's frozen throughout the winter.
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