As you've found, good information on Master-Master MySQL replication is harder to find ...
https://support.rackspace.com/how-to/mysql-master-master-replication/ describes some extra steps over master-slave backup to point the"master" to the binary log position of the "slave" (which is most likely to just be `master_log_file="mysql-bin.000001", master_log_pos=4` if done before any writes occur)
See if that helps? But I think we'd probably look to Percona XtraDB Cluster for the solution...