So, what you would have to do is to copy the file to the apps sandbox before you attempt to use it. We suggest using Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.TemporaryFolder, and then using the path of the image there.
// Assume you already have a PDFDoc called Pdfdoc
FileOpenPicker fileOpenPicker = new FileOpenPicker();
fileOpenPicker.ViewMode = PickerViewMode.List;
fileOpenPicker.FileTypeFilter.Clear();
fileOpenPicker.FileTypeFilter.Add(".png");
StorageFile file = await fileOpenPicker.PickSingleFileAsync();
if(file!=null){
string tempName = "tempfile" + System.IO.Path.GetExtension(file.Name);
string fullFileName = System.IO.Path.Combine(Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.TemporaryFolder.Path, tempName);
await file.CopyAsync(Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.TemporaryFolder, tempName, NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
Image image= Image.Create(Pdfdoc,fullFileName);
}