Thanks for all the help :)
Since we are unable to reproduce on other systems (including Corey's Windows 11 machine) and you see no evidence the hosts file was modified, I'm going to assume this was a false positiv.
I've run the windows binary through lots of scanners, and not a single one has detected any threats/vulnerabilities.
This all got me thinking about supply chain attacks, and I have now implemented Go's vulnerability scanner (govulncheck) into our CI pipeline and pre-release routine.
Thanks again!