New American Streamline Connections Pdf

[Azalee Freas]

AtNew York-JFK, each of the airport's six terminals operates like its own fiefdom. None are physically attached to each other, and getting between them has historically required exiting security, picking up your luggage and taking the AirTrain.

So, when AA and JetBlue joined forces in the Northeast, they needed to figure out how to make it easier for travelers to get between Terminal 5 (JetBlue's home) and Terminal 8 (American's home). After all, a key selling point of the alliance was that JetBlue would provide domestic connectivity to AA's long-haul flights from JFK, and vice versa.

Well, to streamline connections, AA and JetBlue tapped ABM, a facility services manager specializing in airports, to launch an airside bus between Terminal 5 and 8 that would provide a direct, post-security connection between each airline's home.

Along the way, I took a look at the departure monitors and was impressed to see all the JetBlue codeshares listed on the AA boards, along with the flight status and instructions to proceed to Terminal 5.

There isn't much in the way of passenger amenities in the waiting area, but an American Airlines spokesperson told TPG that an enhanced product and experience are on the way, without providing any additional details.

There weren't any other passengers on my bus, but I witnessed two disembark in Terminal 8 while I was boarding. It was likely just a slow Monday afternoon because the airline spokesperson said that usage has been "performing well."

We didn't wait long to depart. As we pulled out, I caught a glimpse of some American Boeing 777s, before we drove towards Terminal 7, passing by AA's transatlantic partner, British Airways, and finally arriving at the home of its newest partner, JetBlue.

At just 15 minutes total from Terminal 8 to 5, including waiting time, this is a major improvement to the JFK connection experience. Overall, this secure side transfer reduces the average connection time for customers traveling between T5 and T8 by 30-35 minutes.

The surgical procedure and the postoperative outcomes were detailed in two articles recently published online in the Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the American Heart Association.

The TCPC typically creates a four-way intersection. Blood from the upper half of the body enters the intersection from the top and blood from the lower body enters from the bottom. The blood flows collide and mix in the intersection before they are split and redirected 90 degrees toward the left or right pulmonary arteries. The collision of blood from the two veins at the intersection causes inefficient blood flow.

Because the blood flows passively from the body to the lungs without being pumped by the heart, it is assumed that any energy inefficiencies inherent in the construction of the Fontan pathway may translate into diminished life expectancy and quality of life.

Substituting a Y-shaped conduit should avoid the collision of blood in the intersection and enable a smooth and streamlined transition of the blood to the pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

For the pilot study, Kanter surgically implanted a commercially available Y-graft, made of a synthetic polymer called polytetrafluoroethylene, in each patient to direct flow from the lower half of the body to the left and right pulmonary arteries. This was a variation of a conduit design, called the Optiflo, which was patented by Yoganathan and colleagues for its ability to efficiently direct an even distribution of blood flow to the left and right pulmonary arteries.

After surgery, the researchers acquired cardiovascular images to evaluate the operative connections. The images allowed Yoganathan and Haggerty to evaluate the hemodynamic outcomes of the surgical procedures for five of the patients and compare them to the simulated outcomes of two alternative connections patients could have received instead of a Y-graft.

They used the images to model blood flow through the arteries under resting and exercise conditions. These simulations assessed the robustness of each connection geometry because small inefficiencies under resting conditions may be amplified with higher flows.

Results for the patients who received the Y-graft showed balanced distribution of flow to both pulmonary arteries with minimal flow disturbance. The resistance of the vessels to blood flow at the connections varied considerably among patients, but the Y-graft results demonstrated resistance levels similar to the alternative connections in four of the five patients and marked improvement in the remaining patient.

The study allowed the researchers to identify ways of refining the surgical technique that should help them improve the theoretical efficiency of the conduit design. Before conducting future clinical trials, the research team plans to address two features of the Y-graft design that limited hemodynamic efficiency in the current study. They plan to introduce curvature to the Y-graft branches and extend the distance between the Y-graft branches to reduce continued interaction and mixing between the two blood streams.

Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award numbers HL67622 and HL098252 and by a Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Award from the American Heart Association (AHA) (10PRE372002). The content is solely the responsibility of the principal investigators and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

A pair of students study together last fall in Northwest's Student Success Center in the B.D. Owens Library. Northwest is one of five colleges and universities collaborating with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities to refine and validate for wider use throughout the country. (Photo by Amanda Wistuba/Northwest Missouri State University)

With the grant, AASCU will focus on four key goals: increasing awareness of successful and promising transformation strategies among campus leaders and communities; informing key campus-level decisions about change options and strategies and supporting decision-makers; supporting transformation by providing guidance and resources for adopting and adapting, implementing, evaluating, and sustaining changes in policy and practice; and building connections across colleges and universities and other supporting organizations to accelerate and streamline learning and sharing of promising practices.

In 2017, Northwest created its own Student Success Center to refocus institutional efforts on transitioning, advising, supporting and connecting students to resources that help maximize their academic potential from orientation to graduation. The new academic success and retention unit, led by Hoffmann, brought together areas of academic advisement and success coaching; academic recovery; academic support, including tutoring and supplemental instruction; new student orientation; first-year experience and retention support.

Furthermore, in October, AASCU honored Northwest with its Excellence and Innovation Award in Student Success and College Completion. The award marked the fourth time in five years, AASCU recognized Northwest with an Excellence and Innovation Award.

Northwest Missouri State University is an equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disability and veteran employer and does not discriminate on the basis of sex in our education programs or activities, pursuant to Title IX and 34 CFR Part 106. For more information, visit Northwest's Non-Discrimination Policy.

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